Find CRC for message bits, corrupt some bits, and later validate them (CLI).

See PROBLEM for details on the problem statement.
Run this on: OnlineGDB

$ clang main.cxx
$ ./a.out

# Enter message bits to transmit (in binary): 1101011011
# Message length: 10 bits
# Enter generator polynomial (in binary): 10011
# Generator polynomial length: 5 bits
# Computed CRC: 1110
# CRC length: 4 bits
#
# Transmitted bits: 11010110111110
# Transmitted length: 14 bits
# Enter received bits: 11010110011110
# Received bits:    11010110011110
# Received length: 14 bits
#
# CRC remainder: 0110
# CRC check failed, i.e., received bits are CORRUPTED!

$ clang main.cxx
$ ./a.out

# Enter message bits to transmit (in binary): 1101011011
# Message length: 10 bits
# Enter generator polynomial (in binary): 10011
# Generator polynomial length: 5 bits
# Computed CRC: 1110
# CRC length: 4 bits
#
# Transmitted bits: 11010110111110
# Transmitted length: 14 bits
# Enter received bits: 11010110111110
# Received bits:    11010110111110
# Received length: 14 bits
#
# CRC remainder: 0000
# CRC check passed, i.e., received bits are not corrupted