fix(effect): add effect bridge for callback contexts

[kitlangton]

Summary

• add EffectBridge.make() to capture the current Effect context plus instance/workspace context for later callback-boundary execution
• switch prompt and the remaining callback bridges over to EffectBridge instead of ad hoc runPromise / runFork calls with manually provided logger layers
• add regression coverage proving EffectBridge preserves both logger and instance context across an async boundary

Testing

• bun run typecheck
• bun run test test/effect/app-runtime-logger.test.ts test/plugin/trigger.test.ts test/pty/pty-output-isolation.test.ts test/mcp/lifecycle.test.ts

Notes

• clean replacement for fix(effect): preserve context across callback bridges #22497 built off current origin/dev