⚠️ Research-only. No token. No network. No assets. This repository contains a paper and protocol specifications only. Do not deploy with real value. See DISCLAIMER.md.
SNARC AXIOM is a research protocol design for ledgerless, privacy-preserving payments using:
- a dynamic RSA accumulator over coin commitments (
ACC) — constant-size accumulator value (256 bytes for RSA-2048) - a Sparse Merkle Tree root over spent nullifiers (
SpentSetRoot) — constant 32 bytes - zero-knowledge proofs (Groth16 / PLONK) for transaction validity
- hybrid BFT threshold finality + VDF ordering for global state consistency
The core insight: blockchain's three roles — canonical ordering, nullifier tracking, coin-validity auditing — can be decomposed. Coin validity becomes a ZK proof. Double-spend prevention becomes a nullifier registry. Global consistency becomes a BFT finalization certificate. Together, these replace the ledger with two constant-size state roots.
paper/ LaTeX sources + compiled PDF
spec/ Protocol specification (state, transactions, invariants)
README.md This file
DISCLAIMER.md Legal / scope disclaimer (read before using)
SECURITY.md Responsible disclosure policy
CONTRIBUTING.md Contribution guidelines
LICENSE Dual license summary (paper CC BY 4.0, spec CC BY-NC 4.0)
COMMERCIAL_LICENSE.md Commercial licensing terms for spec/
paper/snarc-axiom-paper.pdf— main PDF (article format)paper/snarc-axiom-acmart-ccs.pdf— ACM sigconf PDF (CCS-ready)paper/main.tex— LaTeX source (article)paper/main_acmart.tex— LaTeX source (ACM sigconf)paper/axiom.bib— bibliography (16 references)
cd paper/
pdflatex main.tex
bibtex main
pdflatex main.tex
pdflatex main.texTested on TeX Live 2023. Zero errors, zero warnings.
| File | Description |
|---|---|
spec/SPEC.md |
Invariants, acceptance rules, attack surface |
spec/STATE.md |
Global state S_k, certificate C_k, Apply() |
spec/TX.md |
SpendTx / MintTx / BurnTx / HaltTx / ResumeTx |
spec/SECURITY-POLICY.md |
Deployment tiers, freeze policy, value caps |
| Section | Title |
|---|---|
| §1 | Introduction |
| §2 | Notation and Preliminaries |
| §3 | Threat Model |
| §4 | Protocol Overview and ZK Relation |
| §5 | State Consistency Without a Ledger (Hybrid BFT + VDF) |
| §6 | ACC Update Atomicity |
| §7 | Spam and DoS Resistance |
| §8 | Epoch Rotation and Committee Freshness |
| §9 | Permissionless Committee Selection (VRF Sortition) |
| §10 | Concrete Instantiations and Benchmarks |
| §11 | Security Policy and Responsible Deployment |
| §12 | Related Work |
| §13 | Conclusion |
| Property | Status |
|---|---|
| Double-spend resistance | ✅ Theorem + proof sketch |
| Value conservation | ✅ Theorem + proof sketch |
| Sender anonymity | ✅ Zero-knowledge argument |
| Atomic state transition | ✅ Formal definition + theorem |
| BFT safety (partial synchrony) | ✅ Theorem |
| BFT liveness (post-GST) | ✅ Theorem |
| Sybil resistance | ✅ Theorem |
| Post-quantum | ❌ v1 not PQ-secure — deferred to v3 |
| Trusted-setup-free | ❌ v1 uses Groth16 — deferred to v2 |
- Not an implemented cryptocurrency
- Not investment advice
- No token issuance, exchange listing, or fundraising — now or planned
@misc{snarcaxiom2025,
author = {SNARC AXIOM Authors},
title = {{SNARC} {AXIOM}: Ledgerless Privacy-Preserving Payments
via Accumulators, Nullifier Roots, and Hybrid
{BFT}+{VDF} Finality},
howpublished = {GitHub repository},
year = {2025},
url = {https://github.com/SnarcAi/snarc-axiom}
}- Technical discussion: open a GitHub Issue
- Security vulnerabilities: see SECURITY.md
- Commercial licensing: see COMMERCIAL_LICENSE.md
Commercial inquiries: see COMMERCIAL_OFFER.md
| Directory | License | Commercial use |
|---|---|---|
paper/ |
CC BY 4.0 | ✅ Allowed with attribution |
spec/ |
CC BY-NC 4.0 | ❌ Requires commercial license |
code/ (future) |
Apache 2.0 or AGPL 3.0 | TBD at release |
Commercial use of the protocol specification requires a license. See COMMERCIAL_LICENSE.md for terms and contact.