fCWT in Rust

Rust implementation of the fast Continuous Wavelet Transform.

It uses rustfft for FFT planning and execution, and nightly Rust portable_simd for the daughter-wavelet frequency multiplication.

Toolchain

The crate is pinned to nightly in rust-toolchain.toml because std::simd/portable_simd is still unstable.

cargo test
cargo clippy --all-targets
cargo fmt --check
cargo bench --bench cwt

If you want to call the toolchain explicitly:

cargo +nightly-2026-04-03 test

Usage

use fcwt2::{Fcwt, Morlet, ScaleType, Scales};

let signal = vec![0.0_f32; 1024];
let scales = Scales::new(ScaleType::LinearFrequencies, 1_000, 1.0, 100.0, 64)?;
let mut fcwt = Fcwt::new(Morlet::new(2.0));

let coefficients = fcwt.cwt_real(&signal, &scales);
assert_eq!(coefficients.len(), signal.len() * scales.len());
# Ok::<(), fcwt2::ScaleError>(())

Output is scale-major: coefficients[scale_index * signal.len() + sample_index].

Benchmarks

Criterion benchmarks cover real and complex CWT transforms at 1024 and 4096 samples:

cargo bench --bench cwt

My homelab benchmarks

Running benches/cwt.rs (target/release/deps/cwt-6c2d4260722aeb78)
cwt_real/1024           time:   [320.71 µs 321.58 µs 322.68 µs]
                        thrpt:  [203.10 Melem/s 203.79 Melem/s 204.34 Melem/s]
Found 3 outliers among 100 measurements (3.00%)
  3 (3.00%) high severe
Benchmarking cwt_real/4096: Warming up for 3.0000 s
cwt_real/4096           time:   [1.6010 ms 1.6288 ms 1.6622 ms]
                        thrpt:  [157.71 Melem/s 160.95 Melem/s 163.74 Melem/s]
Found 15 outliers among 100 measurements (15.00%)
  2 (2.00%) high mild
  13 (13.00%) high severe

cwt_complex/1024        time:   [325.21 µs 326.07 µs 327.12 µs]
                        thrpt:  [200.34 Melem/s 200.99 Melem/s 201.52 Melem/s]
Found 3 outliers among 100 measurements (3.00%)
  2 (2.00%) high mild
  1 (1.00%) high severe
Benchmarking cwt_complex/4096: Warming up for 3.0000 s
cwt_complex/4096        time:   [1.4950 ms 1.4991 ms 1.5039 ms]
                        thrpt:  [174.31 Melem/s 174.86 Melem/s 175.35 Melem/s]
Found 1 outliers among 100 measurements (1.00%)
  1 (1.00%) high mild

Python bindings

PyO3 bindings are available behind the optional python feature:

cargo build --features python

The module exposes Morlet, Scales, Fcwt/FCWT, WaveletPacketTransform, StationaryWaveletTransform, and DualTreeComplexWaveletTransform. Real transforms accept a list of floats; complex transforms accept Python complex values or (real, imag) tuples and return Python complex values in the same scale-major layout as the Rust API.

To build/install the Python extension with maturin:

pip install maturin
maturin develop

Example:

import fcwt2

scales = fcwt2.Scales.linear_frequencies(1000, 1.0, 120.0, 64)
transform = fcwt2.Fcwt(2.0)
coefficients = transform.cwt_real([0.0] * 1024, scales)

complex_coefficients = transform.cwt_complex([1.0 + 0.0j] * 1024, scales)

packet = fcwt2.WaveletPacketTransform(3)
tree = packet.decompose([0.0] * 8)
reconstructed = tree.reconstruct()

swt = fcwt2.StationaryWaveletTransform(2)
swt_coefficients = swt.decompose([0.0] * 8)

dtcwt = fcwt2.DualTreeComplexWaveletTransform(2)
dtcwt_tree = dtcwt.decompose([0.0] * 8)

Tagged releases matching v* build Python wheels on Linux, macOS, and Windows with GitHub Actions and upload the wheels plus source distribution to the corresponding GitHub Release.

Acknowledgements

• Original library fCWT: https://github.com/fastlib/fCWT
• Fixed fCWT in C++: https://github.com/ThirdLetterC/fCWT
• PyWavelets - Wavelet Transforms in Python: https://pywavelets.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
• dtcwt library: https://dtcwt.readthedocs.io/en/0.12.0/