from __future__ import annotations
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Protocol


# --- Core Interfaces & Abstractions (Interface Segregation) --- #

class Logger(Protocol):
    def log(self, message: str) -> None:
        ...


class Debuggable(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def logger(self) -> Logger:
        pass

    def debug(self, message: str) -> None:
        self.logger().log(f"[DEBUG] {message}")


# --- Concrete Implementation (Dependency Inversion) --- #

class ConsoleLogger:
    def log(self, message: str) -> None:
        print(message)


# --- Domain Layer (Single Responsibility Principle) --- #

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Education:
    bachelors: str
    masters: str
    specialization: str


# --- Application Layer (Abstraction, Encapsulation) --- #

class Engineer(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def introduce(self) -> str:
        pass


# --- High-Level Module (Open/Closed Principle + DI) --- #

class SoftwareEngineer(Engineer, Debuggable):

    def __init__(
        self,
        name: str,
        passion: str,
        location: str,
        education: Education,
        logger: Logger,
    ):
        self._name = name
        self._passion = passion
        self._location = location
        self._education = education
        self._logger = logger

        self.debug("SoftwareEngineer instance initialized.")

    def logger(self) -> Logger:
        return self._logger

    def introduce(self) -> str:
        self.debug("Generating introduction...")
        return (
            f"Hi there, I'm {self._name}!\n"
            f"Passionate about {self._passion} and solving real-world problems.\n"
            f"Based in {self._location}.\n"
            f"I hold a Bachelor's in {self._education.bachelors}.\n"
            f"Currently pursuing a Master's in {self._education.masters}, "
            f"specializing in {self._education.specialization}."
        )


# --- Composition Root (Dependency Injection) --- #

def main() -> None:
    logger = ConsoleLogger()

    education = Education(
        bachelors="Computer Science",
        masters="Data Science",
        specialization="Machine Learning & Embedded Intelligence",
    )

    husain = SoftwareEngineer(
        name="Husain",
        passion="building smart software & embedded systems",
        location="Texas",
        education=education,
        logger=logger,
    )

    print(husain.introduce())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()