d3.v2.js

(function(){if (!Date.now) Date.now = function() {
  return +new Date;
};
try {
  document.createElement("div").style.setProperty("opacity", 0, "");
} catch (error) {
  var d3_style_prototype = CSSStyleDeclaration.prototype,
      d3_style_setProperty = d3_style_prototype.setProperty;
  d3_style_prototype.setProperty = function(name, value, priority) {
    d3_style_setProperty.call(this, name, value + "", priority);
  };
}
d3 = {version: "2.9.1"}; // semver
function d3_class(ctor, properties) {
  try {
    for (var key in properties) {
      Object.defineProperty(ctor.prototype, key, {
        value: properties[key],
        enumerable: false
      });
    }
  } catch (e) {
    ctor.prototype = properties;
  }
}
var d3_array = d3_arraySlice; // conversion for NodeLists

function d3_arrayCopy(pseudoarray) {
  var i = -1, n = pseudoarray.length, array = [];
  while (++i < n) array.push(pseudoarray[i]);
  return array;
}

function d3_arraySlice(pseudoarray) {
  return Array.prototype.slice.call(pseudoarray);
}

try {
  d3_array(document.documentElement.childNodes)[0].nodeType;
} catch(e) {
  d3_array = d3_arrayCopy;
}

var d3_arraySubclass = [].__proto__?

// Until ECMAScript supports array subclassing, prototype injection works well.
function(array, prototype) {
  array.__proto__ = prototype;
}:

// And if your browser doesn't support __proto__, we'll use direct extension.
function(array, prototype) {
  for (var property in prototype) array[property] = prototype[property];
};
d3.map = function(object) {
  var map = new d3_Map;
  for (var key in object) map.set(key, object[key]);
  return map;
};

function d3_Map() {}

d3_class(d3_Map, {
  has: function(key) {
    return d3_map_prefix + key in this;
  },
  get: function(key) {
    return this[d3_map_prefix + key];
  },
  set: function(key, value) {
    return this[d3_map_prefix + key] = value;
  },
  remove: function(key) {
    key = d3_map_prefix + key;
    return key in this && delete this[key];
  },
  keys: function() {
    var keys = [];
    this.forEach(function(key) { keys.push(key); });
    return keys;
  },
  values: function() {
    var values = [];
    this.forEach(function(key, value) { values.push(value); });
    return values;
  },
  entries: function() {
    var entries = [];
    this.forEach(function(key, value) { entries.push({key: key, value: value}); });
    return entries;
  },
  forEach: function(f) {
    for (var key in this) {
      if (key.charCodeAt(0) === d3_map_prefixCode) {
        f.call(this, key.substring(1), this[key]);
      }
    }
  }
});

var d3_map_prefix = "\0", // prevent collision with built-ins
    d3_map_prefixCode = d3_map_prefix.charCodeAt(0);
function d3_identity(d) {
  return d;
}
function d3_this() {
  return this;
}
function d3_true() {
  return true;
}
function d3_functor(v) {
  return typeof v === "function" ? v : function() { return v; };
}

d3.functor = d3_functor;
// Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
d3.rebind = function(target, source) {
  var i = 1, n = arguments.length, method;
  while (++i < n) target[method = arguments[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
  return target;
};

// Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
// If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
// If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
  return function() {
    var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
    return arguments.length ? target : value;
  };
}
d3.ascending = function(a, b) {
  return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
};
d3.descending = function(a, b) {
  return b < a ? -1 : b > a ? 1 : b >= a ? 0 : NaN;
};
d3.mean = function(array, f) {
  var n = array.length,
      a,
      m = 0,
      i = -1,
      j = 0;
  if (arguments.length === 1) {
    while (++i < n) if (d3_number(a = array[i])) m += (a - m) / ++j;
  } else {
    while (++i < n) if (d3_number(a = f.call(array, array[i], i))) m += (a - m) / ++j;
  }
  return j ? m : undefined;
};
d3.median = function(array, f) {
  if (arguments.length > 1) array = array.map(f);
  array = array.filter(d3_number);
  return array.length ? d3.quantile(array.sort(d3.ascending), .5) : undefined;
};
d3.min = function(array, f) {
  var i = -1,
      n = array.length,
      a,
      b;
  if (arguments.length === 1) {
    while (++i < n && ((a = array[i]) == null || a != a)) a = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = array[i]) != null && a > b) a = b;
  } else {
    while (++i < n && ((a = f.call(array, array[i], i)) == null || a != a)) a = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = f.call(array, array[i], i)) != null && a > b) a = b;
  }
  return a;
};
d3.max = function(array, f) {
  var i = -1,
      n = array.length,
      a,
      b;
  if (arguments.length === 1) {
    while (++i < n && ((a = array[i]) == null || a != a)) a = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = array[i]) != null && b > a) a = b;
  } else {
    while (++i < n && ((a = f.call(array, array[i], i)) == null || a != a)) a = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = f.call(array, array[i], i)) != null && b > a) a = b;
  }
  return a;
};
d3.extent = function(array, f) {
  var i = -1,
      n = array.length,
      a,
      b,
      c;
  if (arguments.length === 1) {
    while (++i < n && ((a = c = array[i]) == null || a != a)) a = c = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = array[i]) != null) {
      if (a > b) a = b;
      if (c < b) c = b;
    }
  } else {
    while (++i < n && ((a = c = f.call(array, array[i], i)) == null || a != a)) a = undefined;
    while (++i < n) if ((b = f.call(array, array[i], i)) != null) {
      if (a > b) a = b;
      if (c < b) c = b;
    }
  }
  return [a, c];
};
d3.random = {
  normal: function(mean, deviation) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) deviation = 1;
    if (arguments.length < 1) mean = 0;
    return function() {
      var x, y, r;
      do {
        x = Math.random() * 2 - 1;
        y = Math.random() * 2 - 1;
        r = x * x + y * y;
      } while (!r || r > 1);
      return mean + deviation * x * Math.sqrt(-2 * Math.log(r) / r);
    };
  }
};
function d3_number(x) {
  return x != null && !isNaN(x);
}
d3.sum = function(array, f) {
  var s = 0,
      n = array.length,
      a,
      i = -1;

  if (arguments.length === 1) {
    while (++i < n) if (!isNaN(a = +array[i])) s += a;
  } else {
    while (++i < n) if (!isNaN(a = +f.call(array, array[i], i))) s += a;
  }

  return s;
};
// R-7 per <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantile>
d3.quantile = function(values, p) {
  var H = (values.length - 1) * p + 1,
      h = Math.floor(H),
      v = values[h - 1],
      e = H - h;
  return e ? v + e * (values[h] - v) : v;
};
d3.transpose = function(matrix) {
  return d3.zip.apply(d3, matrix);
};
d3.zip = function() {
  if (!(n = arguments.length)) return [];
  for (var i = -1, m = d3.min(arguments, d3_zipLength), zips = new Array(m); ++i < m;) {
    for (var j = -1, n, zip = zips[i] = new Array(n); ++j < n;) {
      zip[j] = arguments[j][i];
    }
  }
  return zips;
};

function d3_zipLength(d) {
  return d.length;
}
d3.bisector = function(f) {
  return {
    left: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
      if (arguments.length < 3) lo = 0;
      if (arguments.length < 4) hi = a.length;
      while (lo < hi) {
        var mid = lo + hi >> 1;
        if (f.call(a, a[mid], mid) < x) lo = mid + 1;
        else hi = mid;
      }
      return lo;
    },
    right: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
      if (arguments.length < 3) lo = 0;
      if (arguments.length < 4) hi = a.length;
      while (lo < hi) {
        var mid = lo + hi >> 1;
        if (x < f.call(a, a[mid], mid)) hi = mid;
        else lo = mid + 1;
      }
      return lo;
    }
  };
};

var d3_bisector = d3.bisector(function(d) { return d; });
d3.bisectLeft = d3_bisector.left;
d3.bisect = d3.bisectRight = d3_bisector.right;
d3.first = function(array, f) {
  var i = 0,
      n = array.length,
      a = array[0],
      b;
  if (arguments.length === 1) f = d3.ascending;
  while (++i < n) {
    if (f.call(array, a, b = array[i]) > 0) {
      a = b;
    }
  }
  return a;
};
d3.last = function(array, f) {
  var i = 0,
      n = array.length,
      a = array[0],
      b;
  if (arguments.length === 1) f = d3.ascending;
  while (++i < n) {
    if (f.call(array, a, b = array[i]) <= 0) {
      a = b;
    }
  }
  return a;
};
d3.nest = function() {
  var nest = {},
      keys = [],
      sortKeys = [],
      sortValues,
      rollup;

  function map(array, depth) {
    if (depth >= keys.length) return rollup
        ? rollup.call(nest, array) : (sortValues
        ? array.sort(sortValues)
        : array);

    var i = -1,
        n = array.length,
        key = keys[depth++],
        keyValue,
        object,
        valuesByKey = new d3_Map,
        values,
        o = {};

    while (++i < n) {
      if (values = valuesByKey.get(keyValue = key(object = array[i]))) {
        values.push(object);
      } else {
        valuesByKey.set(keyValue, [object]);
      }
    }

    valuesByKey.forEach(function(keyValue) {
      o[keyValue] = map(valuesByKey.get(keyValue), depth);
    });

    return o;
  }

  function entries(map, depth) {
    if (depth >= keys.length) return map;

    var a = [],
        sortKey = sortKeys[depth++],
        key;

    for (key in map) {
      a.push({key: key, values: entries(map[key], depth)});
    }

    if (sortKey) a.sort(function(a, b) {
      return sortKey(a.key, b.key);
    });

    return a;
  }

  nest.map = function(array) {
    return map(array, 0);
  };

  nest.entries = function(array) {
    return entries(map(array, 0), 0);
  };

  nest.key = function(d) {
    keys.push(d);
    return nest;
  };

  // Specifies the order for the most-recently specified key.
  // Note: only applies to entries. Map keys are unordered!
  nest.sortKeys = function(order) {
    sortKeys[keys.length - 1] = order;
    return nest;
  };

  // Specifies the order for leaf values.
  // Applies to both maps and entries array.
  nest.sortValues = function(order) {
    sortValues = order;
    return nest;
  };

  nest.rollup = function(f) {
    rollup = f;
    return nest;
  };

  return nest;
};
d3.keys = function(map) {
  var keys = [];
  for (var key in map) keys.push(key);
  return keys;
};
d3.values = function(map) {
  var values = [];
  for (var key in map) values.push(map[key]);
  return values;
};
d3.entries = function(map) {
  var entries = [];
  for (var key in map) entries.push({key: key, value: map[key]});
  return entries;
};
d3.permute = function(array, indexes) {
  var permutes = [],
      i = -1,
      n = indexes.length;
  while (++i < n) permutes[i] = array[indexes[i]];
  return permutes;
};
d3.merge = function(arrays) {
  return Array.prototype.concat.apply([], arrays);
};
d3.split = function(array, f) {
  var arrays = [],
      values = [],
      value,
      i = -1,
      n = array.length;
  if (arguments.length < 2) f = d3_splitter;
  while (++i < n) {
    if (f.call(values, value = array[i], i)) {
      values = [];
    } else {
      if (!values.length) arrays.push(values);
      values.push(value);
    }
  }
  return arrays;
};

function d3_splitter(d) {
  return d == null;
}
function d3_collapse(s) {
  return s.replace(/(^\s+)|(\s+$)/g, "").replace(/\s+/g, " ");
}
d3.range = function(start, stop, step) {
  if (arguments.length < 3) {
    step = 1;
    if (arguments.length < 2) {
      stop = start;
      start = 0;
    }
  }
  if ((stop - start) / step === Infinity) throw new Error("infinite range");
  var range = [],
       k = d3_range_integerScale(Math.abs(step)),
       i = -1,
       j;
  start *= k, stop *= k, step *= k;
  if (step < 0) while ((j = start + step * ++i) > stop) range.push(j / k);
  else while ((j = start + step * ++i) < stop) range.push(j / k);
  return range;
};

function d3_range_integerScale(x) {
  var k = 1;
  while (x * k % 1) k *= 10;
  return k;
}
d3.requote = function(s) {
  return s.replace(d3_requote_re, "\\$&");
};

var d3_requote_re = /[\\\^\$\*\+\?\|\[\]\(\)\.\{\}]/g;
d3.round = function(x, n) {
  return n
      ? Math.round(x * (n = Math.pow(10, n))) / n
      : Math.round(x);
};
d3.xhr = function(url, mime, callback) {
  var req = new XMLHttpRequest;
  if (arguments.length < 3) callback = mime, mime = null;
  else if (mime && req.overrideMimeType) req.overrideMimeType(mime);
  req.open("GET", url, true);
  if (mime) req.setRequestHeader("Accept", mime);
  req.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (req.readyState === 4) {
      var s = req.status;
      callback(s >= 200 && s < 300 || s === 304 ? req : null);
    }
  };
  req.send(null);
};
d3.text = function(url, mime, callback) {
  function ready(req) {
    callback(req && req.responseText);
  }
  if (arguments.length < 3) {
    callback = mime;
    mime = null;
  }
  d3.xhr(url, mime, ready);
};
d3.json = function(url, callback) {
  d3.text(url, "application/json", function(text) {
    callback(text ? JSON.parse(text) : null);
  });
};
d3.html = function(url, callback) {
  d3.text(url, "text/html", function(text) {
    if (text != null) { // Treat empty string as valid HTML.
      var range = document.createRange();
      range.selectNode(document.body);
      text = range.createContextualFragment(text);
    }
    callback(text);
  });
};
d3.xml = function(url, mime, callback) {
  function ready(req) {
    callback(req && req.responseXML);
  }
  if (arguments.length < 3) {
    callback = mime;
    mime = null;
  }
  d3.xhr(url, mime, ready);
};
var d3_nsPrefix = {
  svg: "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
  xhtml: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",
  xlink: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
  xml: "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
  xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
};

d3.ns = {
  prefix: d3_nsPrefix,
  qualify: function(name) {
    var i = name.indexOf(":"),
        prefix = name;
    if (i >= 0) {
      prefix = name.substring(0, i);
      name = name.substring(i + 1);
    }
    return d3_nsPrefix.hasOwnProperty(prefix)
        ? {space: d3_nsPrefix[prefix], local: name}
        : name;
  }
};
d3.dispatch = function() {
  var dispatch = new d3_dispatch,
      i = -1,
      n = arguments.length;
  while (++i < n) dispatch[arguments[i]] = d3_dispatch_event(dispatch);
  return dispatch;
};

function d3_dispatch() {}

d3_dispatch.prototype.on = function(type, listener) {
  var i = type.indexOf("."),
      name = "";

  // Extract optional namespace, e.g., "click.foo"
  if (i > 0) {
    name = type.substring(i + 1);
    type = type.substring(0, i);
  }

  return arguments.length < 2
      ? this[type].on(name)
      : this[type].on(name, listener);
};

function d3_dispatch_event(dispatch) {
  var listeners = [],
      listenerByName = new d3_Map;

  function event() {
    var z = listeners, // defensive reference
        i = -1,
        n = z.length,
        l;
    while (++i < n) if (l = z[i].on) l.apply(this, arguments);
    return dispatch;
  }

  event.on = function(name, listener) {
    var l = listenerByName.get(name),
        i;

    // return the current listener, if any
    if (arguments.length < 2) return l && l.on;

    // remove the old listener, if any (with copy-on-write)
    if (l) {
      l.on = null;
      listeners = listeners.slice(0, i = listeners.indexOf(l)).concat(listeners.slice(i + 1));
      listenerByName.remove(name);
    }

    // add the new listener, if any
    if (listener) listeners.push(listenerByName.set(name, {on: listener}));

    return dispatch;
  };

  return event;
}
// TODO align
d3.format = function(specifier) {
  var match = d3_format_re.exec(specifier),
      fill = match[1] || " ",
      sign = match[3] || "",
      zfill = match[5],
      width = +match[6],
      comma = match[7],
      precision = match[8],
      type = match[9],
      scale = 1,
      suffix = "",
      integer = false;

  if (precision) precision = +precision.substring(1);

  if (zfill) {
    fill = "0"; // TODO align = "=";
    if (comma) width -= Math.floor((width - 1) / 4);
  }

  switch (type) {
    case "n": comma = true; type = "g"; break;
    case "%": scale = 100; suffix = "%"; type = "f"; break;
    case "p": scale = 100; suffix = "%"; type = "r"; break;
    case "d": integer = true; precision = 0; break;
    case "s": scale = -1; type = "r"; break;
  }

  // If no precision is specified for r, fallback to general notation.
  if (type == "r" && !precision) type = "g";

  type = d3_format_types.get(type) || d3_format_typeDefault;

  return function(value) {

    // Return the empty string for floats formatted as ints.
    if (integer && (value % 1)) return "";

    // Convert negative to positive, and record the sign prefix.
    var negative = (value < 0) && (value = -value) ? "\u2212" : sign;

    // Apply the scale, computing it from the value's exponent for si format.
    if (scale < 0) {
      var prefix = d3.formatPrefix(value, precision);
      value *= prefix.scale;
      suffix = prefix.symbol;
    } else {
      value *= scale;
    }

    // Convert to the desired precision.
    value = type(value, precision);

    // If the fill character is 0, the sign and group is applied after the fill.
    if (zfill) {
      var length = value.length + negative.length;
      if (length < width) value = new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) + value;
      if (comma) value = d3_format_group(value);
      value = negative + value;
    }

    // Otherwise (e.g., space-filling), the sign and group is applied before.
    else {
      if (comma) value = d3_format_group(value);
      value = negative + value;
      var length = value.length;
      if (length < width) value = new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) + value;
    }

    return value + suffix;
  };
};

// [[fill]align][sign][#][0][width][,][.precision][type]
var d3_format_re = /(?:([^{])?([<>=^]))?([+\- ])?(#)?(0)?([0-9]+)?(,)?(\.[0-9]+)?([a-zA-Z%])?/;

var d3_format_types = d3.map({
  g: function(x, p) { return x.toPrecision(p); },
  e: function(x, p) { return x.toExponential(p); },
  f: function(x, p) { return x.toFixed(p); },
  r: function(x, p) { return d3.round(x, p = d3_format_precision(x, p)).toFixed(Math.max(0, Math.min(20, p))); }
});

function d3_format_precision(x, p) {
  return p - (x ? 1 + Math.floor(Math.log(x + Math.pow(10, 1 + Math.floor(Math.log(x) / Math.LN10) - p)) / Math.LN10) : 1);
}

function d3_format_typeDefault(x) {
  return x + "";
}

// Apply comma grouping for thousands.
function d3_format_group(value) {
  var i = value.lastIndexOf("."),
      f = i >= 0 ? value.substring(i) : (i = value.length, ""),
      t = [];
  while (i > 0) t.push(value.substring(i -= 3, i + 3));
  return t.reverse().join(",") + f;
}
var d3_formatPrefixes = ["y","z","a","f","p","n","μ","m","","k","M","G","T","P","E","Z","Y"].map(d3_formatPrefix);

d3.formatPrefix = function(value, precision) {
  var i = 0;
  if (value) {
    if (value < 0) value *= -1;
    if (precision) value = d3.round(value, d3_format_precision(value, precision));
    i = 1 + Math.floor(1e-12 + Math.log(value) / Math.LN10);
    i = Math.max(-24, Math.min(24, Math.floor((i <= 0 ? i + 1 : i - 1) / 3) * 3));
  }
  return d3_formatPrefixes[8 + i / 3];
};

function d3_formatPrefix(d, i) {
  return {
    scale: Math.pow(10, (8 - i) * 3),
    symbol: d
  };
}

/*
 * TERMS OF USE - EASING EQUATIONS
 *
 * Open source under the BSD License.
 *
 * Copyright 2001 Robert Penner
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
 *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * - Neither the name of the author nor the names of contributors may be used to
 *   endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
 *   prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

var d3_ease_quad = d3_ease_poly(2),
    d3_ease_cubic = d3_ease_poly(3),
    d3_ease_default = function() { return d3_ease_identity; };

var d3_ease = d3.map({
  linear: d3_ease_default,
  poly: d3_ease_poly,
  quad: function() { return d3_ease_quad; },
  cubic: function() { return d3_ease_cubic; },
  sin: function() { return d3_ease_sin; },
  exp: function() { return d3_ease_exp; },
  circle: function() { return d3_ease_circle; },
  elastic: d3_ease_elastic,
  back: d3_ease_back,
  bounce: function() { return d3_ease_bounce; }
});

var d3_ease_mode = d3.map({
  "in": d3_ease_identity,
  "out": d3_ease_reverse,
  "in-out": d3_ease_reflect,
  "out-in": function(f) { return d3_ease_reflect(d3_ease_reverse(f)); }
});

d3.ease = function(name) {
  var i = name.indexOf("-"),
      t = i >= 0 ? name.substring(0, i) : name,
      m = i >= 0 ? name.substring(i + 1) : "in";
  t = d3_ease.get(t) || d3_ease_default;
  m = d3_ease_mode.get(m) || d3_ease_identity;
  return d3_ease_clamp(m(t.apply(null, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1))));
};

function d3_ease_clamp(f) {
  return function(t) {
    return t <= 0 ? 0 : t >= 1 ? 1 : f(t);
  };
}

function d3_ease_reverse(f) {
  return function(t) {
    return 1 - f(1 - t);
  };
}

function d3_ease_reflect(f) {
  return function(t) {
    return .5 * (t < .5 ? f(2 * t) : (2 - f(2 - 2 * t)));
  };
}

function d3_ease_identity(t) {
  return t;
}

function d3_ease_poly(e) {
  return function(t) {
    return Math.pow(t, e);
  };
}

function d3_ease_sin(t) {
  return 1 - Math.cos(t * Math.PI / 2);
}

function d3_ease_exp(t) {
  return Math.pow(2, 10 * (t - 1));
}

function d3_ease_circle(t) {
  return 1 - Math.sqrt(1 - t * t);
}

function d3_ease_elastic(a, p) {
  var s;
  if (arguments.length < 2) p = 0.45;
  if (arguments.length < 1) { a = 1; s = p / 4; }
  else s = p / (2 * Math.PI) * Math.asin(1 / a);
  return function(t) {
    return 1 + a * Math.pow(2, 10 * -t) * Math.sin((t - s) * 2 * Math.PI / p);
  };
}

function d3_ease_back(s) {
  if (!s) s = 1.70158;
  return function(t) {
    return t * t * ((s + 1) * t - s);
  };
}

function d3_ease_bounce(t) {
  return t < 1 / 2.75 ? 7.5625 * t * t
      : t < 2 / 2.75 ? 7.5625 * (t -= 1.5 / 2.75) * t + .75
      : t < 2.5 / 2.75 ? 7.5625 * (t -= 2.25 / 2.75) * t + .9375
      : 7.5625 * (t -= 2.625 / 2.75) * t + .984375;
}
d3.event = null;

function d3_eventCancel() {
  d3.event.stopPropagation();
  d3.event.preventDefault();
}

function d3_eventSource() {
  var e = d3.event, s;
  while (s = e.sourceEvent) e = s;
  return e;
}

// Like d3.dispatch, but for custom events abstracting native UI events. These
// events have a target component (such as a brush), a target element (such as
// the svg:g element containing the brush) and the standard arguments `d` (the
// target element's data) and `i` (the selection index of the target element).
function d3_eventDispatch(target) {
  var dispatch = new d3_dispatch,
      i = 0,
      n = arguments.length;

  while (++i < n) dispatch[arguments[i]] = d3_dispatch_event(dispatch);

  // Creates a dispatch context for the specified `thiz` (typically, the target
  // DOM element that received the source event) and `argumentz` (typically, the
  // data `d` and index `i` of the target element). The returned function can be
  // used to dispatch an event to any registered listeners; the function takes a
  // single argument as input, being the event to dispatch. The event must have
  // a "type" attribute which corresponds to a type registered in the
  // constructor. This context will automatically populate the "sourceEvent" and
  // "target" attributes of the event, as well as setting the `d3.event` global
  // for the duration of the notification.
  dispatch.of = function(thiz, argumentz) {
    return function(e1) {
      try {
        var e0 =
        e1.sourceEvent = d3.event;
        e1.target = target;
        d3.event = e1;
        dispatch[e1.type].apply(thiz, argumentz);
      } finally {
        d3.event = e0;
      }
    };
  };

  return dispatch;
}
d3.interpolate = function(a, b) {
  var i = d3.interpolators.length, f;
  while (--i >= 0 && !(f = d3.interpolators[i](a, b)));
  return f;
};

d3.interpolateNumber = function(a, b) {
  b -= a;
  return function(t) { return a + b * t; };
};

d3.interpolateRound = function(a, b) {
  b -= a;
  return function(t) { return Math.round(a + b * t); };
};

d3.interpolateString = function(a, b) {
  var m, // current match
      i, // current index
      j, // current index (for coallescing)
      s0 = 0, // start index of current string prefix
      s1 = 0, // end index of current string prefix
      s = [], // string constants and placeholders
      q = [], // number interpolators
      n, // q.length
      o;

  // Reset our regular expression!
  d3_interpolate_number.lastIndex = 0;

  // Find all numbers in b.
  for (i = 0; m = d3_interpolate_number.exec(b); ++i) {
    if (m.index) s.push(b.substring(s0, s1 = m.index));
    q.push({i: s.length, x: m[0]});
    s.push(null);
    s0 = d3_interpolate_number.lastIndex;
  }
  if (s0 < b.length) s.push(b.substring(s0));

  // Find all numbers in a.
  for (i = 0, n = q.length; (m = d3_interpolate_number.exec(a)) && i < n; ++i) {
    o = q[i];
    if (o.x == m[0]) { // The numbers match, so coallesce.
      if (o.i) {
        if (s[o.i + 1] == null) { // This match is followed by another number.
          s[o.i - 1] += o.x;
          s.splice(o.i, 1);
          for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) q[j].i--;
        } else { // This match is followed by a string, so coallesce twice.
          s[o.i - 1] += o.x + s[o.i + 1];
          s.splice(o.i, 2);
          for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) q[j].i -= 2;
        }
      } else {
          if (s[o.i + 1] == null) { // This match is followed by another number.
          s[o.i] = o.x;
        } else { // This match is followed by a string, so coallesce twice.
          s[o.i] = o.x + s[o.i + 1];
          s.splice(o.i + 1, 1);
          for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) q[j].i--;
        }
      }
      q.splice(i, 1);
      n--;
      i--;
    } else {
      o.x = d3.interpolateNumber(parseFloat(m[0]), parseFloat(o.x));
    }
  }

  // Remove any numbers in b not found in a.
  while (i < n) {
    o = q.pop();
    if (s[o.i + 1] == null) { // This match is followed by another number.
      s[o.i] = o.x;
    } else { // This match is followed by a string, so coallesce twice.
      s[o.i] = o.x + s[o.i + 1];
      s.splice(o.i + 1, 1);
    }
    n--;
  }

  // Special optimization for only a single match.
  if (s.length === 1) {
    return s[0] == null ? q[0].x : function() { return b; };
  }

  // Otherwise, interpolate each of the numbers and rejoin the string.
  return function(t) {
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
    return s.join("");
  };
};

d3.interpolateTransform = function(a, b) {
  var s = [], // string constants and placeholders
      q = [], // number interpolators
      n,
      A = d3.transform(a),
      B = d3.transform(b),
      ta = A.translate,
      tb = B.translate,
      ra = A.rotate,
      rb = B.rotate,
      wa = A.skew,
      wb = B.skew,
      ka = A.scale,
      kb = B.scale;

  if (ta[0] != tb[0] || ta[1] != tb[1]) {
    s.push("translate(", null, ",", null, ")");
    q.push({i: 1, x: d3.interpolateNumber(ta[0], tb[0])}, {i: 3, x: d3.interpolateNumber(ta[1], tb[1])});
  } else if (tb[0] || tb[1]) {
    s.push("translate(" + tb + ")");
  } else {
    s.push("");
  }

  if (ra != rb) {
    q.push({i: s.push(s.pop() + "rotate(", null, ")") - 2, x: d3.interpolateNumber(ra, rb)});
  } else if (rb) {
    s.push(s.pop() + "rotate(" + rb + ")");
  }

  if (wa != wb) {
    q.push({i: s.push(s.pop() + "skewX(", null, ")") - 2, x: d3.interpolateNumber(wa, wb)});
  } else if (wb) {
    s.push(s.pop() + "skewX(" + wb + ")");
  }

  if (ka[0] != kb[0] || ka[1] != kb[1]) {
    n = s.push(s.pop() + "scale(", null, ",", null, ")");
    q.push({i: n - 4, x: d3.interpolateNumber(ka[0], kb[0])}, {i: n - 2, x: d3.interpolateNumber(ka[1], kb[1])});
  } else if (kb[0] != 1 || kb[1] != 1) {
    s.push(s.pop() + "scale(" + kb + ")");
  }

  n = q.length;
  return function(t) {
    var i = -1, o;
    while (++i < n) s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
    return s.join("");
  };
};

d3.interpolateRgb = function(a, b) {
  a = d3.rgb(a);
  b = d3.rgb(b);
  var ar = a.r,
      ag = a.g,
      ab = a.b,
      br = b.r - ar,
      bg = b.g - ag,
      bb = b.b - ab;
  return function(t) {
    return "#"
        + d3_rgb_hex(Math.round(ar + br * t))
        + d3_rgb_hex(Math.round(ag + bg * t))
        + d3_rgb_hex(Math.round(ab + bb * t));
  };
};

// interpolates HSL space, but outputs RGB string (for compatibility)
d3.interpolateHsl = function(a, b) {
  a = d3.hsl(a);
  b = d3.hsl(b);
  var h0 = a.h,
      s0 = a.s,
      l0 = a.l,
      h1 = b.h - h0,
      s1 = b.s - s0,
      l1 = b.l - l0;
  return function(t) {
    return d3_hsl_rgb(h0 + h1 * t, s0 + s1 * t, l0 + l1 * t).toString();
  };
};

d3.interpolateArray = function(a, b) {
  var x = [],
      c = [],
      na = a.length,
      nb = b.length,
      n0 = Math.min(a.length, b.length),
      i;
  for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) x.push(d3.interpolate(a[i], b[i]));
  for (; i < na; ++i) c[i] = a[i];
  for (; i < nb; ++i) c[i] = b[i];
  return function(t) {
    for (i = 0; i < n0; ++i) c[i] = x[i](t);
    return c;
  };
};

d3.interpolateObject = function(a, b) {
  var i = {},
      c = {},
      k;
  for (k in a) {
    if (k in b) {
      i[k] = d3_interpolateByName(k)(a[k], b[k]);
    } else {
      c[k] = a[k];
    }
  }
  for (k in b) {
    if (!(k in a)) {
      c[k] = b[k];
    }
  }
  return function(t) {
    for (k in i) c[k] = i[k](t);
    return c;
  };
}

var d3_interpolate_number = /[-+]?(?:\d+\.?\d*|\.?\d+)(?:[eE][-+]?\d+)?/g;

function d3_interpolateByName(n) {
  return n == "transform"
      ? d3.interpolateTransform
      : d3.interpolate;
}

d3.interpolators = [
  d3.interpolateObject,
  function(a, b) { return (b instanceof Array) && d3.interpolateArray(a, b); },
  function(a, b) { return (typeof a === "string" || typeof b === "string") && d3.interpolateString(a + "", b + ""); },
  function(a, b) { return (typeof b === "string" ? d3_rgb_names.has(b) || /^(#|rgb\(|hsl\()/.test(b) : b instanceof d3_Rgb || b instanceof d3_Hsl) && d3.interpolateRgb(a, b); },
  function(a, b) { return !isNaN(a = +a) && !isNaN(b = +b) && d3.interpolateNumber(a, b); }
];
function d3_uninterpolateNumber(a, b) {
  b = b - (a = +a) ? 1 / (b - a) : 0;
  return function(x) { return (x - a) * b; };
}

function d3_uninterpolateClamp(a, b) {
  b = b - (a = +a) ? 1 / (b - a) : 0;
  return function(x) { return Math.max(0, Math.min(1, (x - a) * b)); };
}
d3.rgb = function(r, g, b) {
  return arguments.length === 1
      ? (r instanceof d3_Rgb ? d3_rgb(r.r, r.g, r.b)
      : d3_rgb_parse("" + r, d3_rgb, d3_hsl_rgb))
      : d3_rgb(~~r, ~~g, ~~b);
};

function d3_rgb(r, g, b) {
  return new d3_Rgb(r, g, b);
}

function d3_Rgb(r, g, b) {
  this.r = r;
  this.g = g;
  this.b = b;
}

d3_Rgb.prototype.brighter = function(k) {
  k = Math.pow(0.7, arguments.length ? k : 1);
  var r = this.r,
      g = this.g,
      b = this.b,
      i = 30;
  if (!r && !g && !b) return d3_rgb(i, i, i);
  if (r && r < i) r = i;
  if (g && g < i) g = i;
  if (b && b < i) b = i;
  return d3_rgb(
      Math.min(255, Math.floor(r / k)),
      Math.min(255, Math.floor(g / k)),
      Math.min(255, Math.floor(b / k)));
};

d3_Rgb.prototype.darker = function(k) {
  k = Math.pow(0.7, arguments.length ? k : 1);
  return d3_rgb(
      Math.floor(k * this.r),
      Math.floor(k * this.g),
      Math.floor(k * this.b));
};

d3_Rgb.prototype.hsl = function() {
  return d3_rgb_hsl(this.r, this.g, this.b);
};

d3_Rgb.prototype.toString = function() {
  return "#" + d3_rgb_hex(this.r) + d3_rgb_hex(this.g) + d3_rgb_hex(this.b);
};

function d3_rgb_hex(v) {
  return v < 0x10
      ? "0" + Math.max(0, v).toString(16)
      : Math.min(255, v).toString(16);
}

function d3_rgb_parse(format, rgb, hsl) {
  var r = 0, // red channel; int in [0, 255]
      g = 0, // green channel; int in [0, 255]
      b = 0, // blue channel; int in [0, 255]
      m1, // CSS color specification match
      m2, // CSS color specification type (e.g., rgb)
      name;

  /* Handle hsl, rgb. */
  m1 = /([a-z]+)\((.*)\)/i.exec(format);
  if (m1) {
    m2 = m1[2].split(",");
    switch (m1[1]) {
      case "hsl": {
        return hsl(
          parseFloat(m2[0]), // degrees
          parseFloat(m2[1]) / 100, // percentage
          parseFloat(m2[2]) / 100 // percentage
        );
      }
      case "rgb": {
        return rgb(
          d3_rgb_parseNumber(m2[0]),
          d3_rgb_parseNumber(m2[1]),
          d3_rgb_parseNumber(m2[2])
        );
      }
    }
  }

  /* Named colors. */
  if (name = d3_rgb_names.get(format)) return rgb(name.r, name.g, name.b);

  /* Hexadecimal colors: #rgb and #rrggbb. */
  if (format != null && format.charAt(0) === "#") {
    if (format.length === 4) {
      r = format.charAt(1); r += r;
      g = format.charAt(2); g += g;
      b = format.charAt(3); b += b;
    } else if (format.length === 7) {
      r = format.substring(1, 3);
      g = format.substring(3, 5);
      b = format.substring(5, 7);
    }
    r = parseInt(r, 16);
    g = parseInt(g, 16);
    b = parseInt(b, 16);
  }

  return rgb(r, g, b);
}

function d3_rgb_hsl(r, g, b) {
  var min = Math.min(r /= 255, g /= 255, b /= 255),
      max = Math.max(r, g, b),
      d = max - min,
      h,
      s,
      l = (max + min) / 2;
  if (d) {
    s = l < .5 ? d / (max + min) : d / (2 - max - min);
    if (r == max) h = (g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0);
    else if (g == max) h = (b - r) / d + 2;
    else h = (r - g) / d + 4;
    h *= 60;
  } else {
    s = h = 0;
  }
  return d3_hsl(h, s, l);
}

function d3_rgb_parseNumber(c) { // either integer or percentage
  var f = parseFloat(c);
  return c.charAt(c.length - 1) === "%" ? Math.round(f * 2.55) : f;
}

var d3_rgb_names = d3.map({
  aliceblue: "#f0f8ff",
  antiquewhite: "#faebd7",
  aqua: "#00ffff",
  aquamarine: "#7fffd4",
  azure: "#f0ffff",
  beige: "#f5f5dc",
  bisque: "#ffe4c4",
  black: "#000000",
  blanchedalmond: "#ffebcd",
  blue: "#0000ff",
  blueviolet: "#8a2be2",
  brown: "#a52a2a",
  burlywood: "#deb887",
  cadetblue: "#5f9ea0",
  chartreuse: "#7fff00",
  chocolate: "#d2691e",
  coral: "#ff7f50",
  cornflowerblue: "#6495ed",
  cornsilk: "#fff8dc",
  crimson: "#dc143c",
  cyan: "#00ffff",
  darkblue: "#00008b",
  darkcyan: "#008b8b",
  darkgoldenrod: "#b8860b",
  darkgray: "#a9a9a9",
  darkgreen: "#006400",
  darkgrey: "#a9a9a9",
  darkkhaki: "#bdb76b",
  darkmagenta: "#8b008b",
  darkolivegreen: "#556b2f",
  darkorange: "#ff8c00",
  darkorchid: "#9932cc",
  darkred: "#8b0000",
  darksalmon: "#e9967a",
  darkseagreen: "#8fbc8f",
  darkslateblue: "#483d8b",
  darkslategray: "#2f4f4f",
  darkslategrey: "#2f4f4f",
  darkturquoise: "#00ced1",
  darkviolet: "#9400d3",
  deeppink: "#ff1493",
  deepskyblue: "#00bfff",
  dimgray: "#696969",
  dimgrey: "#696969",
  dodgerblue: "#1e90ff",
  firebrick: "#b22222",
  floralwhite: "#fffaf0",
  forestgreen: "#228b22",
  fuchsia: "#ff00ff",
  gainsboro: "#dcdcdc",
  ghostwhite: "#f8f8ff",
  gold: "#ffd700",
  goldenrod: "#daa520",
  gray: "#808080",
  green: "#008000",
  greenyellow: "#adff2f",
  grey: "#808080",
  honeydew: "#f0fff0",
  hotpink: "#ff69b4",
  indianred: "#cd5c5c",
  indigo: "#4b0082",
  ivory: "#fffff0",
  khaki: "#f0e68c",
  lavender: "#e6e6fa",
  lavenderblush: "#fff0f5",
  lawngreen: "#7cfc00",
  lemonchiffon: "#fffacd",
  lightblue: "#add8e6",
  lightcoral: "#f08080",
  lightcyan: "#e0ffff",
  lightgoldenrodyellow: "#fafad2",
  lightgray: "#d3d3d3",
  lightgreen: "#90ee90",
  lightgrey: "#d3d3d3",
  lightpink: "#ffb6c1",
  lightsalmon: "#ffa07a",
  lightseagreen: "#20b2aa",
  lightskyblue: "#87cefa",
  lightslategray: "#778899",
  lightslategrey: "#778899",
  lightsteelblue: "#b0c4de",
  lightyellow: "#ffffe0",
  lime: "#00ff00",
  limegreen: "#32cd32",
  linen: "#faf0e6",
  magenta: "#ff00ff",
  maroon: "#800000",
  mediumaquamarine: "#66cdaa",
  mediumblue: "#0000cd",
  mediumorchid: "#ba55d3",
  mediumpurple: "#9370db",
  mediumseagreen: "#3cb371",
  mediumslateblue: "#7b68ee",
  mediumspringgreen: "#00fa9a",
  mediumturquoise: "#48d1cc",
  mediumvioletred: "#c71585",
  midnightblue: "#191970",
  mintcream: "#f5fffa",
  mistyrose: "#ffe4e1",
  moccasin: "#ffe4b5",
  navajowhite: "#ffdead",
  navy: "#000080",
  oldlace: "#fdf5e6",
  olive: "#808000",
  olivedrab: "#6b8e23",
  orange: "#ffa500",
  orangered: "#ff4500",
  orchid: "#da70d6",
  palegoldenrod: "#eee8aa",
  palegreen: "#98fb98",
  paleturquoise: "#afeeee",
  palevioletred: "#db7093",
  papayawhip: "#ffefd5",
  peachpuff: "#ffdab9",
  peru: "#cd853f",
  pink: "#ffc0cb",
  plum: "#dda0dd",
  powderblue: "#b0e0e6",
  purple: "#800080",
  red: "#ff0000",
  rosybrown: "#bc8f8f",
  royalblue: "#4169e1",
  saddlebrown: "#8b4513",
  salmon: "#fa8072",
  sandybrown: "#f4a460",
  seagreen: "#2e8b57",
  seashell: "#fff5ee",
  sienna: "#a0522d",
  silver: "#c0c0c0",
  skyblue: "#87ceeb",
  slateblue: "#6a5acd",
  slategray: "#708090",
  slategrey: "#708090",
  snow: "#fffafa",
  springgreen: "#00ff7f",
  steelblue: "#4682b4",
  tan: "#d2b48c",
  teal: "#008080",
  thistle: "#d8bfd8",
  tomato: "#ff6347",
  turquoise: "#40e0d0",
  violet: "#ee82ee",
  wheat: "#f5deb3",
  white: "#ffffff",
  whitesmoke: "#f5f5f5",
  yellow: "#ffff00",
  yellowgreen: "#9acd32"
});

d3_rgb_names.forEach(function(key, value) {
  d3_rgb_names.set(key, d3_rgb_parse(value, d3_rgb, d3_hsl_rgb));
});
d3.hsl = function(h, s, l) {
  return arguments.length === 1
      ? (h instanceof d3_Hsl ? d3_hsl(h.h, h.s, h.l)
      : d3_rgb_parse("" + h, d3_rgb_hsl, d3_hsl))
      : d3_hsl(+h, +s, +l);
};

function d3_hsl(h, s, l) {
  return new d3_Hsl(h, s, l);
}

function d3_Hsl(h, s, l) {
  this.h = h;
  this.s = s;
  this.l = l;
}

d3_Hsl.prototype.brighter = function(k) {
  k = Math.pow(0.7, arguments.length ? k : 1);
  return d3_hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l / k);
};

d3_Hsl.prototype.darker = function(k) {
  k = Math.pow(0.7, arguments.length ? k : 1);
  return d3_hsl(this.h, this.s, k * this.l);
};

d3_Hsl.prototype.rgb = function() {
  return d3_hsl_rgb(this.h, this.s, this.l);
};

d3_Hsl.prototype.toString = function() {
  return this.rgb().toString();
};

function d3_hsl_rgb(h, s, l) {
  var m1,
      m2;

  /* Some simple corrections for h, s and l. */
  h = h % 360; if (h < 0) h += 360;
  s = s < 0 ? 0 : s > 1 ? 1 : s;
  l = l < 0 ? 0 : l > 1 ? 1 : l;

  /* From FvD 13.37, CSS Color Module Level 3 */
  m2 = l <= .5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
  m1 = 2 * l - m2;

  function v(h) {
    if (h > 360) h -= 360;
    else if (h < 0) h += 360;
    if (h < 60) return m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60;
    if (h < 180) return m2;
    if (h < 240) return m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60;
    return m1;
  }

  function vv(h) {
    return Math.round(v(h) * 255);
  }

  return d3_rgb(vv(h + 120), vv(h), vv(h - 120));
}
function d3_selection(groups) {
  d3_arraySubclass(groups, d3_selectionPrototype);
  return groups;
}

var d3_select = function(s, n) { return n.querySelector(s); },
    d3_selectAll = function(s, n) { return n.querySelectorAll(s); },
    d3_selectRoot = document.documentElement,
    d3_selectMatcher = d3_selectRoot.matchesSelector || d3_selectRoot.webkitMatchesSelector || d3_selectRoot.mozMatchesSelector || d3_selectRoot.msMatchesSelector || d3_selectRoot.oMatchesSelector,
    d3_selectMatches = function(n, s) { return d3_selectMatcher.call(n, s); };

// Prefer Sizzle, if available.
if (typeof Sizzle === "function") {
  d3_select = function(s, n) { return Sizzle(s, n)[0]; };
  d3_selectAll = function(s, n) { return Sizzle.uniqueSort(Sizzle(s, n)); };
  d3_selectMatches = Sizzle.matchesSelector;
}

var d3_selectionPrototype = [];

d3.selection = function() {
  return d3_selectionRoot;
};

d3.selection.prototype = d3_selectionPrototype;
d3_selectionPrototype.select = function(selector) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      subnode,
      group,
      node;

  if (typeof selector !== "function") selector = d3_selection_selector(selector);

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
    subgroup.parentNode = (group = this[j]).parentNode;
    for (var i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        subgroup.push(subnode = selector.call(node, node.__data__, i));
        if (subnode && "__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
      } else {
        subgroup.push(null);
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_selection(subgroups);
};

function d3_selection_selector(selector) {
  return function() {
    return d3_select(selector, this);
  };
}
d3_selectionPrototype.selectAll = function(selector) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      node;

  if (typeof selector !== "function") selector = d3_selection_selectorAll(selector);

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        subgroups.push(subgroup = d3_array(selector.call(node, node.__data__, i)));
        subgroup.parentNode = node;
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_selection(subgroups);
};

function d3_selection_selectorAll(selector) {
  return function() {
    return d3_selectAll(selector, this);
  };
}
d3_selectionPrototype.attr = function(name, value) {
  name = d3.ns.qualify(name);

  // If no value is specified, return the first value.
  if (arguments.length < 2) {
    var node = this.node();
    return name.local
        ? node.getAttributeNS(name.space, name.local)
        : node.getAttribute(name);
  }

  function attrNull() {
    this.removeAttribute(name);
  }

  function attrNullNS() {
    this.removeAttributeNS(name.space, name.local);
  }

  function attrConstant() {
    this.setAttribute(name, value);
  }

  function attrConstantNS() {
    this.setAttributeNS(name.space, name.local, value);
  }

  function attrFunction() {
    var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
    if (x == null) this.removeAttribute(name);
    else this.setAttribute(name, x);
  }

  function attrFunctionNS() {
    var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
    if (x == null) this.removeAttributeNS(name.space, name.local);
    else this.setAttributeNS(name.space, name.local, x);
  }

  return this.each(value == null
      ? (name.local ? attrNullNS : attrNull) : (typeof value === "function"
      ? (name.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction)
      : (name.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)));
};
d3_selectionPrototype.classed = function(name, value) {
  var names = name.split(d3_selection_classedWhitespace),
      n = names.length,
      i = -1;
  if (arguments.length > 1) {
    while (++i < n) d3_selection_classed.call(this, names[i], value);
    return this;
  } else {
    while (++i < n) if (!d3_selection_classed.call(this, names[i])) return false;
    return true;
  }
};

var d3_selection_classedWhitespace = /\s+/g;

function d3_selection_classed(name, value) {
  var re = new RegExp("(^|\\s+)" + d3.requote(name) + "(\\s+|$)", "g");

  // If no value is specified, return the first value.
  if (arguments.length < 2) {
    var node = this.node();
    if (c = node.classList) return c.contains(name);
    var c = node.className;
    re.lastIndex = 0;
    return re.test(c.baseVal != null ? c.baseVal : c);
  }

  function classedAdd() {
    if (c = this.classList) return c.add(name);
    var c = this.className,
        cb = c.baseVal != null,
        cv = cb ? c.baseVal : c;
    re.lastIndex = 0;
    if (!re.test(cv)) {
      cv = d3_collapse(cv + " " + name);
      if (cb) c.baseVal = cv;
      else this.className = cv;
    }
  }

  function classedRemove() {
    if (c = this.classList) return c.remove(name);
    var c = this.className,
        cb = c.baseVal != null,
        cv = cb ? c.baseVal : c;
    cv = d3_collapse(cv.replace(re, " "));
    if (cb) c.baseVal = cv;
    else this.className = cv;
  }

  function classedFunction() {
    (value.apply(this, arguments)
        ? classedAdd
        : classedRemove).call(this);
  }

  return this.each(typeof value === "function"
      ? classedFunction : value
      ? classedAdd
      : classedRemove);
}
d3_selectionPrototype.style = function(name, value, priority) {
  if (arguments.length < 3) priority = "";

  // If no value is specified, return the first value.
  if (arguments.length < 2) return window
      .getComputedStyle(this.node(), null)
      .getPropertyValue(name);

  function styleNull() {
    this.style.removeProperty(name);
  }

  function styleConstant() {
    this.style.setProperty(name, value, priority);
  }

  function styleFunction() {
    var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
    if (x == null) this.style.removeProperty(name);
    else this.style.setProperty(name, x, priority);
  }

  return this.each(value == null
      ? styleNull : (typeof value === "function"
      ? styleFunction : styleConstant));
};
d3_selectionPrototype.property = function(name, value) {

  // If no value is specified, return the first value.
  if (arguments.length < 2) return this.node()[name];

  function propertyNull() {
    delete this[name];
  }

  function propertyConstant() {
    this[name] = value;
  }

  function propertyFunction() {
    var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
    if (x == null) delete this[name];
    else this[name] = x;
  }

  return this.each(value == null
      ? propertyNull : (typeof value === "function"
      ? propertyFunction : propertyConstant));
};
d3_selectionPrototype.text = function(value) {
  return arguments.length < 1
      ? this.node().textContent : this.each(typeof value === "function"
      ? function() { var v = value.apply(this, arguments); this.textContent = v == null ? "" : v; } : value == null
      ? function() { this.textContent = ""; }
      : function() { this.textContent = value; });
};
d3_selectionPrototype.html = function(value) {
  return arguments.length < 1
      ? this.node().innerHTML : this.each(typeof value === "function"
      ? function() { var v = value.apply(this, arguments); this.innerHTML = v == null ? "" : v; } : value == null
      ? function() { this.innerHTML = ""; }
      : function() { this.innerHTML = value; });
};
// TODO append(node)?
// TODO append(function)?
d3_selectionPrototype.append = function(name) {
  name = d3.ns.qualify(name);

  function append() {
    return this.appendChild(document.createElementNS(this.namespaceURI, name));
  }

  function appendNS() {
    return this.appendChild(document.createElementNS(name.space, name.local));
  }

  return this.select(name.local ? appendNS : append);
};
// TODO insert(node, function)?
// TODO insert(function, string)?
// TODO insert(function, function)?
d3_selectionPrototype.insert = function(name, before) {
  name = d3.ns.qualify(name);

  function insert() {
    return this.insertBefore(
        document.createElementNS(this.namespaceURI, name),
        d3_select(before, this));
  }

  function insertNS() {
    return this.insertBefore(
        document.createElementNS(name.space, name.local),
        d3_select(before, this));
  }

  return this.select(name.local ? insertNS : insert);
};
// TODO remove(selector)?
// TODO remove(node)?
// TODO remove(function)?
d3_selectionPrototype.remove = function() {
  return this.each(function() {
    var parent = this.parentNode;
    if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
  });
};
d3_selectionPrototype.data = function(value, key) {
  var i = -1,
      n = this.length,
      group,
      node;

  // If no value is specified, return the first value.
  if (!arguments.length) {
    value = new Array(n = (group = this[0]).length);
    while (++i < n) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        value[i] = node.__data__;
      }
    }
    return value;
  }

  function bind(group, groupData) {
    var i,
        n = group.length,
        m = groupData.length,
        n0 = Math.min(n, m),
        n1 = Math.max(n, m),
        updateNodes = [],
        enterNodes = [],
        exitNodes = [],
        node,
        nodeData;

    if (key) {
      var nodeByKeyValue = new d3_Map,
          keyValues = [],
          keyValue,
          j = groupData.length;

      for (i = -1; ++i < n;) {
        keyValue = key.call(node = group[i], node.__data__, i);
        if (nodeByKeyValue.has(keyValue)) {
          exitNodes[j++] = node; // duplicate key
        } else {
          nodeByKeyValue.set(keyValue, node);
        }
        keyValues.push(keyValue);
      }

      for (i = -1; ++i < m;) {
        keyValue = key.call(groupData, nodeData = groupData[i], i)
        if (nodeByKeyValue.has(keyValue)) {
          updateNodes[i] = node = nodeByKeyValue.get(keyValue);
          node.__data__ = nodeData;
          enterNodes[i] = exitNodes[i] = null;
        } else {
          enterNodes[i] = d3_selection_dataNode(nodeData);
          updateNodes[i] = exitNodes[i] = null;
        }
        nodeByKeyValue.remove(keyValue);
      }

      for (i = -1; ++i < n;) {
        if (nodeByKeyValue.has(keyValues[i])) {
          exitNodes[i] = group[i];
        }
      }
    } else {
      for (i = -1; ++i < n0;) {
        node = group[i];
        nodeData = groupData[i];
        if (node) {
          node.__data__ = nodeData;
          updateNodes[i] = node;
          enterNodes[i] = exitNodes[i] = null;
        } else {
          enterNodes[i] = d3_selection_dataNode(nodeData);
          updateNodes[i] = exitNodes[i] = null;
        }
      }
      for (; i < m; ++i) {
        enterNodes[i] = d3_selection_dataNode(groupData[i]);
        updateNodes[i] = exitNodes[i] = null;
      }
      for (; i < n1; ++i) {
        exitNodes[i] = group[i];
        enterNodes[i] = updateNodes[i] = null;
      }
    }

    enterNodes.update
        = updateNodes;

    enterNodes.parentNode
        = updateNodes.parentNode
        = exitNodes.parentNode
        = group.parentNode;

    enter.push(enterNodes);
    update.push(updateNodes);
    exit.push(exitNodes);
  }

  var enter = d3_selection_enter([]),
      update = d3_selection([]),
      exit = d3_selection([]);

  if (typeof value === "function") {
    while (++i < n) {
      bind(group = this[i], value.call(group, group.parentNode.__data__, i));
    }
  } else {
    while (++i < n) {
      bind(group = this[i], value);
    }
  }

  update.enter = function() { return enter; };
  update.exit = function() { return exit; };
  return update;
};

function d3_selection_dataNode(data) {
  return {__data__: data};
}
d3_selectionPrototype.datum =
d3_selectionPrototype.map = function(value) {
  return arguments.length < 1
      ? this.property("__data__")
      : this.property("__data__", value);
};
d3_selectionPrototype.filter = function(filter) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      group,
      node;

  if (typeof filter !== "function") filter = d3_selection_filter(filter);

  for (var j = 0, m = this.length; j < m; j++) {
    subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
    subgroup.parentNode = (group = this[j]).parentNode;
    for (var i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; i++) {
      if ((node = group[i]) && filter.call(node, node.__data__, i)) {
        subgroup.push(node);
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_selection(subgroups);
};

function d3_selection_filter(selector) {
  return function() {
    return d3_selectMatches(this, selector);
  };
}
d3_selectionPrototype.order = function() {
  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = group.length - 1, next = group[i], node; --i >= 0;) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        if (next && next !== node.nextSibling) next.parentNode.insertBefore(node, next);
        next = node;
      }
    }
  }
  return this;
};
d3_selectionPrototype.sort = function(comparator) {
  comparator = d3_selection_sortComparator.apply(this, arguments);
  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) this[j].sort(comparator);
  return this.order();
};

function d3_selection_sortComparator(comparator) {
  if (!arguments.length) comparator = d3.ascending;
  return function(a, b) {
    return comparator(a && a.__data__, b && b.__data__);
  };
}
// type can be namespaced, e.g., "click.foo"
// listener can be null for removal
d3_selectionPrototype.on = function(type, listener, capture) {
  if (arguments.length < 3) capture = false;

  // parse the type specifier
  var name = "__on" + type, i = type.indexOf(".");
  if (i > 0) type = type.substring(0, i);

  // if called with only one argument, return the current listener
  if (arguments.length < 2) return (i = this.node()[name]) && i._;

  // remove the old event listener, and add the new event listener
  return this.each(function(d, i) {
    var node = this,
        o = node[name];

    // remove the old listener, if any (using the previously-set capture)
    if (o) {
      node.removeEventListener(type, o, o.$);
      delete node[name];
    }

    // add the new listener, if any (remembering the capture flag)
    if (listener) {
      node.addEventListener(type, node[name] = l, l.$ = capture);
      l._ = listener; // stash the unwrapped listener for get
    }

    // wrapped event listener that preserves i
    function l(e) {
      var o = d3.event; // Events can be reentrant (e.g., focus).
      d3.event = e;
      try {
        listener.call(node, node.__data__, i);
      } finally {
        d3.event = o;
      }
    }
  });
};
d3_selectionPrototype.each = function(callback) {
  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      var node = group[i];
      if (node) callback.call(node, node.__data__, i, j);
    }
  }
  return this;
};
//
// Note: assigning to the arguments array simultaneously changes the value of
// the corresponding argument!
//
// TODO The `this` argument probably shouldn't be the first argument to the
// callback, anyway, since it's redundant. However, that will require a major
// version bump due to backwards compatibility, so I'm not changing it right
// away.
//
d3_selectionPrototype.call = function(callback) {
  callback.apply(this, (arguments[0] = this, arguments));
  return this;
};
d3_selectionPrototype.empty = function() {
  return !this.node();
};
d3_selectionPrototype.node = function(callback) {
  for (var j = 0, m = this.length; j < m; j++) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; i++) {
      var node = group[i];
      if (node) return node;
    }
  }
  return null;
};
d3_selectionPrototype.transition = function() {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      node;

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
    for (var group = this[j], i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      subgroup.push((node = group[i]) ? {node: node, delay: d3_transitionDelay, duration: d3_transitionDuration} : null);
    }
  }

  return d3_transition(subgroups, d3_transitionId || ++d3_transitionNextId, Date.now());
};
var d3_selectionRoot = d3_selection([[document]]);

d3_selectionRoot[0].parentNode = d3_selectRoot;

// TODO fast singleton implementation!
// TODO select(function)
d3.select = function(selector) {
  return typeof selector === "string"
      ? d3_selectionRoot.select(selector)
      : d3_selection([[selector]]); // assume node
};

// TODO selectAll(function)
d3.selectAll = function(selector) {
  return typeof selector === "string"
      ? d3_selectionRoot.selectAll(selector)
      : d3_selection([d3_array(selector)]); // assume node[]
};
function d3_selection_enter(selection) {
  d3_arraySubclass(selection, d3_selection_enterPrototype);
  return selection;
}

var d3_selection_enterPrototype = [];

d3.selection.enter = d3_selection_enter;
d3.selection.enter.prototype = d3_selection_enterPrototype;

d3_selection_enterPrototype.append = d3_selectionPrototype.append;
d3_selection_enterPrototype.insert = d3_selectionPrototype.insert;
d3_selection_enterPrototype.empty = d3_selectionPrototype.empty;
d3_selection_enterPrototype.node = d3_selectionPrototype.node;
d3_selection_enterPrototype.select = function(selector) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      subnode,
      upgroup,
      group,
      node;

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    upgroup = (group = this[j]).update;
    subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
    subgroup.parentNode = group.parentNode;
    for (var i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        subgroup.push(upgroup[i] = subnode = selector.call(group.parentNode, node.__data__, i));
        subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
      } else {
        subgroup.push(null);
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_selection(subgroups);
};
function d3_transition(groups, id, time) {
  d3_arraySubclass(groups, d3_transitionPrototype);

  var tweens = new d3_Map,
      event = d3.dispatch("start", "end"),
      ease = d3_transitionEase;

  groups.id = id;

  groups.time = time;

  groups.tween = function(name, tween) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) return tweens.get(name);
    if (tween == null) tweens.remove(name);
    else tweens.set(name, tween);
    return groups;
  };

  groups.ease = function(value) {
    if (!arguments.length) return ease;
    ease = typeof value === "function" ? value : d3.ease.apply(d3, arguments);
    return groups;
  };

  groups.each = function(type, listener) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) return d3_transition_each.call(groups, type);
    event.on(type, listener);
    return groups;
  };

  d3.timer(function(elapsed) {
    groups.each(function(d, i, j) {
      var tweened = [],
          node = this,
          delay = groups[j][i].delay,
          duration = groups[j][i].duration,
          lock = node.__transition__ || (node.__transition__ = {active: 0, count: 0});

      ++lock.count;

      delay <= elapsed ? start(elapsed) : d3.timer(start, delay, time);

      function start(elapsed) {
        if (lock.active > id) return stop();
        lock.active = id;

        tweens.forEach(function(key, value) {
          if (value = value.call(node, d, i)) {
            tweened.push(value);
          }
        });

        event.start.call(node, d, i);
        if (!tick(elapsed)) d3.timer(tick, 0, time);
        return 1;
      }

      function tick(elapsed) {
        if (lock.active !== id) return stop();

        var t = (elapsed - delay) / duration,
            e = ease(t),
            n = tweened.length;

        while (n > 0) {
          tweened[--n].call(node, e);
        }

        if (t >= 1) {
          stop();
          d3_transitionId = id;
          event.end.call(node, d, i);
          d3_transitionId = 0;
          return 1;
        }
      }

      function stop() {
        if (!--lock.count) delete node.__transition__;
        return 1;
      }
    });
    return 1;
  }, 0, time);

  return groups;
}

var d3_transitionRemove = {};

function d3_transitionNull(d, i, a) {
  return a != "" && d3_transitionRemove;
}

function d3_transitionTween(name, b) {
  var interpolate = d3_interpolateByName(name);

  function transitionFunction(d, i, a) {
    var v = b.call(this, d, i);
    return v == null
        ? a != "" && d3_transitionRemove
        : a != v && interpolate(a, v);
  }

  function transitionString(d, i, a) {
    return a != b && interpolate(a, b);
  }

  return typeof b === "function" ? transitionFunction
      : b == null ? d3_transitionNull
      : (b += "", transitionString);
}

var d3_transitionPrototype = [],
    d3_transitionNextId = 0,
    d3_transitionId = 0,
    d3_transitionDefaultDelay = 0,
    d3_transitionDefaultDuration = 250,
    d3_transitionDefaultEase = d3.ease("cubic-in-out"),
    d3_transitionDelay = d3_transitionDefaultDelay,
    d3_transitionDuration = d3_transitionDefaultDuration,
    d3_transitionEase = d3_transitionDefaultEase;

d3_transitionPrototype.call = d3_selectionPrototype.call;

d3.transition = function(selection) {
  return arguments.length
      ? (d3_transitionId ? selection.transition() : selection)
      : d3_selectionRoot.transition();
};

d3.transition.prototype = d3_transitionPrototype;
d3_transitionPrototype.select = function(selector) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      subnode,
      node;

  if (typeof selector !== "function") selector = d3_selection_selector(selector);

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
    for (var group = this[j], i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = selector.call(node.node, node.node.__data__, i))) {
        if ("__data__" in node.node) subnode.__data__ = node.node.__data__;
        subgroup.push({node: subnode, delay: node.delay, duration: node.duration});
      } else {
        subgroup.push(null);
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_transition(subgroups, this.id, this.time).ease(this.ease());
};
d3_transitionPrototype.selectAll = function(selector) {
  var subgroups = [],
      subgroup,
      subnodes,
      node;

  if (typeof selector !== "function") selector = d3_selection_selectorAll(selector);

  for (var j = -1, m = this.length; ++j < m;) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = -1, n = group.length; ++i < n;) {
      if (node = group[i]) {
        subnodes = selector.call(node.node, node.node.__data__, i);
        subgroups.push(subgroup = []);
        for (var k = -1, o = subnodes.length; ++k < o;) {
          subgroup.push({node: subnodes[k], delay: node.delay, duration: node.duration});
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return d3_transition(subgroups, this.id, this.time).ease(this.ease());
};
d3_transitionPrototype.attr = function(name, value) {
  return this.attrTween(name, d3_transitionTween(name, value));
};

d3_transitionPrototype.attrTween = function(nameNS, tween) {
  var name = d3.ns.qualify(nameNS);

  function attrTween(d, i) {
    var f = tween.call(this, d, i, this.getAttribute(name));
    return f === d3_transitionRemove
        ? (this.removeAttribute(name), null)
        : f && function(t) { this.setAttribute(name, f(t)); };
  }

  function attrTweenNS(d, i) {
    var f = tween.call(this, d, i, this.getAttributeNS(name.space, name.local));
    return f === d3_transitionRemove
        ? (this.removeAttributeNS(name.space, name.local), null)
        : f && function(t) { this.setAttributeNS(name.space, name.local, f(t)); };
  }

  return this.tween("attr." + nameNS, name.local ? attrTweenNS : attrTween);
};
d3_transitionPrototype.style = function(name, value, priority) {
  if (arguments.length < 3) priority = "";
  return this.styleTween(name, d3_transitionTween(name, value), priority);
};

d3_transitionPrototype.styleTween = function(name, tween, priority) {
  if (arguments.length < 3) priority = "";
  return this.tween("style." + name, function(d, i) {
    var f = tween.call(this, d, i, window.getComputedStyle(this, null).getPropertyValue(name));
    return f === d3_transitionRemove
        ? (this.style.removeProperty(name), null)
        : f && function(t) { this.style.setProperty(name, f(t), priority); };
  });
};
d3_transitionPrototype.text = function(value) {
  return this.tween("text", function(d, i) {
    this.textContent = typeof value === "function"
        ? value.call(this, d, i)
        : value;
  });
};
d3_transitionPrototype.remove = function() {
  return this.each("end.transition", function() {
    var p;
    if (!this.__transition__ && (p = this.parentNode)) p.removeChild(this);
  });
};
d3_transitionPrototype.delay = function(value) {
  var groups = this;
  return groups.each(typeof value === "function"
      ? function(d, i, j) { groups[j][i].delay = value.apply(this, arguments) | 0; }
      : (value = value | 0, function(d, i, j) { groups[j][i].delay = value; }));
};
d3_transitionPrototype.duration = function(value) {
  var groups = this;
  return groups.each(typeof value === "function"
      ? function(d, i, j) { groups[j][i].duration = Math.max(1, value.apply(this, arguments) | 0); }
      : (value = Math.max(1, value | 0), function(d, i, j) { groups[j][i].duration = value; }));
};
function d3_transition_each(callback) {
  var id = d3_transitionId,
      ease = d3_transitionEase,
      delay = d3_transitionDelay,
      duration = d3_transitionDuration;

  d3_transitionId = this.id;
  d3_transitionEase = this.ease();
  for (var j = 0, m = this.length; j < m; j++) {
    for (var group = this[j], i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; i++) {
      var node = group[i];
      if (node) {
        d3_transitionDelay = this[j][i].delay;
        d3_transitionDuration = this[j][i].duration;
        callback.call(node = node.node, node.__data__, i, j);
      }
    }
  }

  d3_transitionId = id;
  d3_transitionEase = ease;
  d3_transitionDelay = delay;
  d3_transitionDuration = duration;
  return this;
}
d3_transitionPrototype.transition = function() {
  return this.select(d3_this);
};
var d3_timer_queue = null,
    d3_timer_interval, // is an interval (or frame) active?
    d3_timer_timeout; // is a timeout active?

// The timer will continue to fire until callback returns true.
d3.timer = function(callback, delay, then) {
  var found = false,
      t0,
      t1 = d3_timer_queue;

  if (arguments.length < 3) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) delay = 0;
    else if (!isFinite(delay)) return;
    then = Date.now();
  }

  // See if the callback's already in the queue.
  while (t1) {
    if (t1.callback === callback) {
      t1.then = then;
      t1.delay = delay;
      found = true;
      break;
    }
    t0 = t1;
    t1 = t1.next;
  }

  // Otherwise, add the callback to the queue.
  if (!found) d3_timer_queue = {
    callback: callback,
    then: then,
    delay: delay,
    next: d3_timer_queue
  };

  // Start animatin'!
  if (!d3_timer_interval) {
    d3_timer_timeout = clearTimeout(d3_timer_timeout);
    d3_timer_interval = 1;
    d3_timer_frame(d3_timer_step);
  }
}

function d3_timer_step() {
  var elapsed,
      now = Date.now(),
      t1 = d3_timer_queue;

  while (t1) {
    elapsed = now - t1.then;
    if (elapsed >= t1.delay) t1.flush = t1.callback(elapsed);
    t1 = t1.next;
  }

  var delay = d3_timer_flush() - now;
  if (delay > 24) {
    if (isFinite(delay)) {
      clearTimeout(d3_timer_timeout);
      d3_timer_timeout = setTimeout(d3_timer_step, delay);
    }
    d3_timer_interval = 0;
  } else {
    d3_timer_interval = 1;
    d3_timer_frame(d3_timer_step);
  }
}

d3.timer.flush = function() {
  var elapsed,
      now = Date.now(),
      t1 = d3_timer_queue;

  while (t1) {
    elapsed = now - t1.then;
    if (!t1.delay) t1.flush = t1.callback(elapsed);
    t1 = t1.next;
  }

  d3_timer_flush();
};

// Flush after callbacks, to avoid concurrent queue modification.
function d3_timer_flush() {
  var t0 = null,
      t1 = d3_timer_queue,
      then = Infinity;
  while (t1) {
    if (t1.flush) {
      t1 = t0 ? t0.next = t1.next : d3_timer_queue = t1.next;
    } else {
      then = Math.min(then, t1.then + t1.delay);
      t1 = (t0 = t1).next;
    }
  }
  return then;
}

var d3_timer_frame = window.requestAnimationFrame
    || window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame
    || window.mozRequestAnimationFrame
    || window.oRequestAnimationFrame
    || window.msRequestAnimationFrame
    || function(callback) { setTimeout(callback, 17); };
d3.transform = function(string) {
  var g = document.createElementNS(d3.ns.prefix.svg, "g"),
      identity = {a: 1, b: 0, c: 0, d: 1, e: 0, f: 0};
  return (d3.transform = function(string) {
    g.setAttribute("transform", string);
    var t = g.transform.baseVal.consolidate();
    return new d3_transform(t ? t.matrix : identity);
  })(string);
};

// Compute x-scale and normalize the first row.
// Compute shear and make second row orthogonal to first.
// Compute y-scale and normalize the second row.
// Finally, compute the rotation.
function d3_transform(m) {
  var r0 = [m.a, m.b],
      r1 = [m.c, m.d],
      kx = d3_transformNormalize(r0),
      kz = d3_transformDot(r0, r1),
      ky = d3_transformNormalize(d3_transformCombine(r1, r0, -kz)) || 0;
  if (r0[0] * r1[1] < r1[0] * r0[1]) {
    r0[0] *= -1;
    r0[1] *= -1;
    kx *= -1;
    kz *= -1;
  }
  this.rotate = (kx ? Math.atan2(r0[1], r0[0]) : Math.atan2(-r1[0], r1[1])) * d3_transformDegrees;
  this.translate = [m.e, m.f];
  this.scale = [kx, ky];
  this.skew = ky ? Math.atan2(kz, ky) * d3_transformDegrees : 0;
};

d3_transform.prototype.toString = function() {
  return "translate(" + this.translate
      + ")rotate(" + this.rotate
      + ")skewX(" + this.skew
      + ")scale(" + this.scale
      + ")";
};

function d3_transformDot(a, b) {
  return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1];
}

function d3_transformNormalize(a) {
  var k = Math.sqrt(d3_transformDot(a, a));
  if (k) {
    a[0] /= k;
    a[1] /= k;
  }
  return k;
}

function d3_transformCombine(a, b, k) {
  a[0] += k * b[0];
  a[1] += k * b[1];
  return a;
}

var d3_transformDegrees = 180 / Math.PI;
d3.mouse = function(container) {
  return d3_mousePoint(container, d3_eventSource());
};

// https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44083
var d3_mouse_bug44083 = /WebKit/.test(navigator.userAgent) ? -1 : 0;

function d3_mousePoint(container, e) {
  var svg = container.ownerSVGElement || container;
  if (svg.createSVGPoint) {
    var point = svg.createSVGPoint();
    if ((d3_mouse_bug44083 < 0) && (window.scrollX || window.scrollY)) {
      svg = d3.select(document.body)
        .append("svg")
          .style("position", "absolute")
          .style("top", 0)
          .style("left", 0);
      var ctm = svg[0][0].getScreenCTM();
      d3_mouse_bug44083 = !(ctm.f || ctm.e);
      svg.remove();
    }
    if (d3_mouse_bug44083) {
      point.x = e.pageX;
      point.y = e.pageY;
    } else {
      point.x = e.clientX;
      point.y = e.clientY;
    }
    point = point.matrixTransform(container.getScreenCTM().inverse());
    return [point.x, point.y];
  }
  var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
  return [e.clientX - rect.left - container.clientLeft, e.clientY - rect.top - container.clientTop];
};
d3.touches = function(container, touches) {
  if (arguments.length < 2) touches = d3_eventSource().touches;
  return touches ? d3_array(touches).map(function(touch) {
    var point = d3_mousePoint(container, touch);
    point.identifier = touch.identifier;
    return point;
  }) : [];
};
function d3_noop() {}
d3.scale = {};

function d3_scaleExtent(domain) {
  var start = domain[0], stop = domain[domain.length - 1];
  return start < stop ? [start, stop] : [stop, start];
}

function d3_scaleRange(scale) {
  return scale.rangeExtent ? scale.rangeExtent() : d3_scaleExtent(scale.range());
}
function d3_scale_nice(domain, nice) {
  var i0 = 0,
      i1 = domain.length - 1,
      x0 = domain[i0],
      x1 = domain[i1],
      dx;

  if (x1 < x0) {
    dx = i0; i0 = i1; i1 = dx;
    dx = x0; x0 = x1; x1 = dx;
  }

  if (dx = x1 - x0) {
    nice = nice(dx);
    domain[i0] = nice.floor(x0);
    domain[i1] = nice.ceil(x1);
  }

  return domain;
}

function d3_scale_niceDefault() {
  return Math;
}
d3.scale.linear = function() {
  return d3_scale_linear([0, 1], [0, 1], d3.interpolate, false);
};

function d3_scale_linear(domain, range, interpolate, clamp) {
  var output,
      input;

  function rescale() {
    var linear = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) > 2 ? d3_scale_polylinear : d3_scale_bilinear,
        uninterpolate = clamp ? d3_uninterpolateClamp : d3_uninterpolateNumber;
    output = linear(domain, range, uninterpolate, interpolate);
    input = linear(range, domain, uninterpolate, d3.interpolate);
    return scale;
  }

  function scale(x) {
    return output(x);
  }

  // Note: requires range is coercible to number!
  scale.invert = function(y) {
    return input(y);
  };

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return domain;
    domain = x.map(Number);
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return range;
    range = x;
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.rangeRound = function(x) {
    return scale.range(x).interpolate(d3.interpolateRound);
  };

  scale.clamp = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return clamp;
    clamp = x;
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.interpolate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return interpolate;
    interpolate = x;
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.ticks = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTicks(domain, m);
  };

  scale.tickFormat = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTickFormat(domain, m);
  };

  scale.nice = function() {
    d3_scale_nice(domain, d3_scale_linearNice);
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_linear(domain, range, interpolate, clamp);
  };

  return rescale();
}

function d3_scale_linearRebind(scale, linear) {
  return d3.rebind(scale, linear, "range", "rangeRound", "interpolate", "clamp");
}

function d3_scale_linearNice(dx) {
  dx = Math.pow(10, Math.round(Math.log(dx) / Math.LN10) - 1);
  return {
    floor: function(x) { return Math.floor(x / dx) * dx; },
    ceil: function(x) { return Math.ceil(x / dx) * dx; }
  };
}

function d3_scale_linearTickRange(domain, m) {
  var extent = d3_scaleExtent(domain),
      span = extent[1] - extent[0],
      step = Math.pow(10, Math.floor(Math.log(span / m) / Math.LN10)),
      err = m / span * step;

  // Filter ticks to get closer to the desired count.
  if (err <= .15) step *= 10;
  else if (err <= .35) step *= 5;
  else if (err <= .75) step *= 2;

  // Round start and stop values to step interval.
  extent[0] = Math.ceil(extent[0] / step) * step;
  extent[1] = Math.floor(extent[1] / step) * step + step * .5; // inclusive
  extent[2] = step;
  return extent;
}

function d3_scale_linearTicks(domain, m) {
  return d3.range.apply(d3, d3_scale_linearTickRange(domain, m));
}

function d3_scale_linearTickFormat(domain, m) {
  return d3.format(",." + Math.max(0, -Math.floor(Math.log(d3_scale_linearTickRange(domain, m)[2]) / Math.LN10 + .01)) + "f");
}
function d3_scale_bilinear(domain, range, uninterpolate, interpolate) {
  var u = uninterpolate(domain[0], domain[1]),
      i = interpolate(range[0], range[1]);
  return function(x) {
    return i(u(x));
  };
}
function d3_scale_polylinear(domain, range, uninterpolate, interpolate) {
  var u = [],
      i = [],
      j = 0,
      k = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1;

  // Handle descending domains.
  if (domain[k] < domain[0]) {
    domain = domain.slice().reverse();
    range = range.slice().reverse();
  }

  while (++j <= k) {
    u.push(uninterpolate(domain[j - 1], domain[j]));
    i.push(interpolate(range[j - 1], range[j]));
  }

  return function(x) {
    var j = d3.bisect(domain, x, 1, k) - 1;
    return i[j](u[j](x));
  };
}
d3.scale.log = function() {
  return d3_scale_log(d3.scale.linear(), d3_scale_logp);
};

function d3_scale_log(linear, log) {
  var pow = log.pow;

  function scale(x) {
    return linear(log(x));
  }

  scale.invert = function(x) {
    return pow(linear.invert(x));
  };

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return linear.domain().map(pow);
    log = x[0] < 0 ? d3_scale_logn : d3_scale_logp;
    pow = log.pow;
    linear.domain(x.map(log));
    return scale;
  };

  scale.nice = function() {
    linear.domain(d3_scale_nice(linear.domain(), d3_scale_niceDefault));
    return scale;
  };

  scale.ticks = function() {
    var extent = d3_scaleExtent(linear.domain()),
        ticks = [];
    if (extent.every(isFinite)) {
      var i = Math.floor(extent[0]),
          j = Math.ceil(extent[1]),
          u = pow(extent[0]),
          v = pow(extent[1]);
      if (log === d3_scale_logn) {
        ticks.push(pow(i));
        for (; i++ < j;) for (var k = 9; k > 0; k--) ticks.push(pow(i) * k);
      } else {
        for (; i < j; i++) for (var k = 1; k < 10; k++) ticks.push(pow(i) * k);
        ticks.push(pow(i));
      }
      for (i = 0; ticks[i] < u; i++) {} // strip small values
      for (j = ticks.length; ticks[j - 1] > v; j--) {} // strip big values
      ticks = ticks.slice(i, j);
    }
    return ticks;
  };

  scale.tickFormat = function(n, format) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) format = d3_scale_logFormat;
    if (arguments.length < 1) return format;
    var k = n / scale.ticks().length,
        f = log === d3_scale_logn ? (e = -1e-12, Math.floor) : (e = 1e-12, Math.ceil),
        e;
    return function(d) {
      return d / pow(f(log(d) + e)) < k ? format(d) : "";
    };
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_log(linear.copy(), log);
  };

  return d3_scale_linearRebind(scale, linear);
}

var d3_scale_logFormat = d3.format(".0e");

function d3_scale_logp(x) {
  return Math.log(x < 0 ? 0 : x) / Math.LN10;
}

function d3_scale_logn(x) {
  return -Math.log(x > 0 ? 0 : -x) / Math.LN10;
}

d3_scale_logp.pow = function(x) {
  return Math.pow(10, x);
};

d3_scale_logn.pow = function(x) {
  return -Math.pow(10, -x);
};
d3.scale.pow = function() {
  return d3_scale_pow(d3.scale.linear(), 1);
};

function d3_scale_pow(linear, exponent) {
  var powp = d3_scale_powPow(exponent),
      powb = d3_scale_powPow(1 / exponent);

  function scale(x) {
    return linear(powp(x));
  }

  scale.invert = function(x) {
    return powb(linear.invert(x));
  };

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return linear.domain().map(powb);
    linear.domain(x.map(powp));
    return scale;
  };

  scale.ticks = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTicks(scale.domain(), m);
  };

  scale.tickFormat = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTickFormat(scale.domain(), m);
  };

  scale.nice = function() {
    return scale.domain(d3_scale_nice(scale.domain(), d3_scale_linearNice));
  };

  scale.exponent = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return exponent;
    var domain = scale.domain();
    powp = d3_scale_powPow(exponent = x);
    powb = d3_scale_powPow(1 / exponent);
    return scale.domain(domain);
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_pow(linear.copy(), exponent);
  };

  return d3_scale_linearRebind(scale, linear);
}

function d3_scale_powPow(e) {
  return function(x) {
    return x < 0 ? -Math.pow(-x, e) : Math.pow(x, e);
  };
}
d3.scale.sqrt = function() {
  return d3.scale.pow().exponent(.5);
};
d3.scale.ordinal = function() {
  return d3_scale_ordinal([], {t: "range", x: []});
};

function d3_scale_ordinal(domain, ranger) {
  var index,
      range,
      rangeBand;

  function scale(x) {
    return range[((index.get(x) || index.set(x, domain.push(x))) - 1) % range.length];
  }

  function steps(start, step) {
    return d3.range(domain.length).map(function(i) { return start + step * i; });
  }

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return domain;
    domain = [];
    index = new d3_Map;
    var i = -1, n = x.length, xi;
    while (++i < n) if (!index.has(xi = x[i])) index.set(xi, domain.push(xi));
    return scale[ranger.t](ranger.x, ranger.p);
  };

  scale.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return range;
    range = x;
    rangeBand = 0;
    ranger = {t: "range", x: x};
    return scale;
  };

  scale.rangePoints = function(x, padding) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) padding = 0;
    var start = x[0],
        stop = x[1],
        step = (stop - start) / (domain.length - 1 + padding);
    range = steps(domain.length < 2 ? (start + stop) / 2 : start + step * padding / 2, step);
    rangeBand = 0;
    ranger = {t: "rangePoints", x: x, p: padding};
    return scale;
  };

  scale.rangeBands = function(x, padding) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) padding = 0;
    var reverse = x[1] < x[0],
        start = x[reverse - 0],
        stop = x[1 - reverse],
        step = (stop - start) / (domain.length + padding);
    range = steps(start + step * padding, step);
    if (reverse) range.reverse();
    rangeBand = step * (1 - padding);
    ranger = {t: "rangeBands", x: x, p: padding};
    return scale;
  };

  scale.rangeRoundBands = function(x, padding) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) padding = 0;
    var reverse = x[1] < x[0],
        start = x[reverse - 0],
        stop = x[1 - reverse],
        step = Math.floor((stop - start) / (domain.length + padding)),
        error = stop - start - (domain.length - padding) * step;
    range = steps(start + Math.round(error / 2), step);
    if (reverse) range.reverse();
    rangeBand = Math.round(step * (1 - padding));
    ranger = {t: "rangeRoundBands", x: x, p: padding};
    return scale;
  };

  scale.rangeBand = function() {
    return rangeBand;
  };

  scale.rangeExtent = function() {
    return d3_scaleExtent(ranger.x);
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_ordinal(domain, ranger);
  };

  return scale.domain(domain);
}
/*
 * This product includes color specifications and designs developed by Cynthia
 * Brewer (http://colorbrewer.org/). See lib/colorbrewer for more information.
 */

d3.scale.category10 = function() {
  return d3.scale.ordinal().range(d3_category10);
};

d3.scale.category20 = function() {
  return d3.scale.ordinal().range(d3_category20);
};

d3.scale.category20b = function() {
  return d3.scale.ordinal().range(d3_category20b);
};

d3.scale.category20c = function() {
  return d3.scale.ordinal().range(d3_category20c);
};

var d3_category10 = [
  "#1f77b4", "#ff7f0e", "#2ca02c", "#d62728", "#9467bd",
  "#8c564b", "#e377c2", "#7f7f7f", "#bcbd22", "#17becf"
];

var d3_category20 = [
  "#1f77b4", "#aec7e8",
  "#ff7f0e", "#ffbb78",
  "#2ca02c", "#98df8a",
  "#d62728", "#ff9896",
  "#9467bd", "#c5b0d5",
  "#8c564b", "#c49c94",
  "#e377c2", "#f7b6d2",
  "#7f7f7f", "#c7c7c7",
  "#bcbd22", "#dbdb8d",
  "#17becf", "#9edae5"
];

var d3_category20b = [
  "#393b79", "#5254a3", "#6b6ecf", "#9c9ede",
  "#637939", "#8ca252", "#b5cf6b", "#cedb9c",
  "#8c6d31", "#bd9e39", "#e7ba52", "#e7cb94",
  "#843c39", "#ad494a", "#d6616b", "#e7969c",
  "#7b4173", "#a55194", "#ce6dbd", "#de9ed6"
];

var d3_category20c = [
  "#3182bd", "#6baed6", "#9ecae1", "#c6dbef",
  "#e6550d", "#fd8d3c", "#fdae6b", "#fdd0a2",
  "#31a354", "#74c476", "#a1d99b", "#c7e9c0",
  "#756bb1", "#9e9ac8", "#bcbddc", "#dadaeb",
  "#636363", "#969696", "#bdbdbd", "#d9d9d9"
];
d3.scale.quantile = function() {
  return d3_scale_quantile([], []);
};

function d3_scale_quantile(domain, range) {
  var thresholds;

  function rescale() {
    var k = 0,
        n = domain.length,
        q = range.length;
    thresholds = [];
    while (++k < q) thresholds[k - 1] = d3.quantile(domain, k / q);
    return scale;
  }

  function scale(x) {
    if (isNaN(x = +x)) return NaN;
    return range[d3.bisect(thresholds, x)];
  }

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return domain;
    domain = x.filter(function(d) { return !isNaN(d); }).sort(d3.ascending);
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return range;
    range = x;
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.quantiles = function() {
    return thresholds;
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_quantile(domain, range); // copy on write!
  };

  return rescale();
}
d3.scale.quantize = function() {
  return d3_scale_quantize(0, 1, [0, 1]);
};

function d3_scale_quantize(x0, x1, range) {
  var kx, i;

  function scale(x) {
    return range[Math.max(0, Math.min(i, Math.floor(kx * (x - x0))))];
  }

  function rescale() {
    kx = range.length / (x1 - x0);
    i = range.length - 1;
    return scale;
  }

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return [x0, x1];
    x0 = +x[0];
    x1 = +x[x.length - 1];
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return range;
    range = x;
    return rescale();
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_quantize(x0, x1, range); // copy on write
  };

  return rescale();
}
d3.scale.identity = function() {
  return d3_scale_identity([0, 1]);
};

function d3_scale_identity(domain) {

  function identity(x) { return +x; }

  identity.invert = identity;

  identity.domain = identity.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return domain;
    domain = x.map(identity);
    return identity;
  };

  identity.ticks = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTicks(domain, m);
  };

  identity.tickFormat = function(m) {
    return d3_scale_linearTickFormat(domain, m);
  };

  identity.copy = function() {
    return d3_scale_identity(domain);
  };

  return identity;
}
d3.svg = {};
d3.svg.arc = function() {
  var innerRadius = d3_svg_arcInnerRadius,
      outerRadius = d3_svg_arcOuterRadius,
      startAngle = d3_svg_arcStartAngle,
      endAngle = d3_svg_arcEndAngle;

  function arc() {
    var r0 = innerRadius.apply(this, arguments),
        r1 = outerRadius.apply(this, arguments),
        a0 = startAngle.apply(this, arguments) + d3_svg_arcOffset,
        a1 = endAngle.apply(this, arguments) + d3_svg_arcOffset,
        da = (a1 < a0 && (da = a0, a0 = a1, a1 = da), a1 - a0),
        df = da < Math.PI ? "0" : "1",
        c0 = Math.cos(a0),
        s0 = Math.sin(a0),
        c1 = Math.cos(a1),
        s1 = Math.sin(a1);
    return da >= d3_svg_arcMax
      ? (r0
      ? "M0," + r1
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 1,1 0," + (-r1)
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 1,1 0," + r1
      + "M0," + r0
      + "A" + r0 + "," + r0 + " 0 1,0 0," + (-r0)
      + "A" + r0 + "," + r0 + " 0 1,0 0," + r0
      + "Z"
      : "M0," + r1
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 1,1 0," + (-r1)
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 1,1 0," + r1
      + "Z")
      : (r0
      ? "M" + r1 * c0 + "," + r1 * s0
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 " + df + ",1 " + r1 * c1 + "," + r1 * s1
      + "L" + r0 * c1 + "," + r0 * s1
      + "A" + r0 + "," + r0 + " 0 " + df + ",0 " + r0 * c0 + "," + r0 * s0
      + "Z"
      : "M" + r1 * c0 + "," + r1 * s0
      + "A" + r1 + "," + r1 + " 0 " + df + ",1 " + r1 * c1 + "," + r1 * s1
      + "L0,0"
      + "Z");
  }

  arc.innerRadius = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return innerRadius;
    innerRadius = d3_functor(v);
    return arc;
  };

  arc.outerRadius = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return outerRadius;
    outerRadius = d3_functor(v);
    return arc;
  };

  arc.startAngle = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return startAngle;
    startAngle = d3_functor(v);
    return arc;
  };

  arc.endAngle = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return endAngle;
    endAngle = d3_functor(v);
    return arc;
  };

  arc.centroid = function() {
    var r = (innerRadius.apply(this, arguments)
        + outerRadius.apply(this, arguments)) / 2,
        a = (startAngle.apply(this, arguments)
        + endAngle.apply(this, arguments)) / 2 + d3_svg_arcOffset;
    return [Math.cos(a) * r, Math.sin(a) * r];
  };

  return arc;
};

var d3_svg_arcOffset = -Math.PI / 2,
    d3_svg_arcMax = 2 * Math.PI - 1e-6;

function d3_svg_arcInnerRadius(d) {
  return d.innerRadius;
}

function d3_svg_arcOuterRadius(d) {
  return d.outerRadius;
}

function d3_svg_arcStartAngle(d) {
  return d.startAngle;
}

function d3_svg_arcEndAngle(d) {
  return d.endAngle;
}
function d3_svg_line(projection) {
  var x = d3_svg_lineX,
      y = d3_svg_lineY,
      defined = d3_true,
      interpolate = d3_svg_lineInterpolatorDefault,
      interpolator = d3_svg_lineLinear,
      tension = .7;

  function line(data) {
    var segments = [],
        points = [],
        i = -1,
        n = data.length,
        d,
        fx = d3_functor(x),
        fy = d3_functor(y);

    function segment() {
      segments.push("M", interpolator(projection(points), tension));
    }

    while (++i < n) {
      if (defined.call(this, d = data[i], i)) {
        points.push([+fx.call(this, d, i), +fy.call(this, d, i)]);
      } else if (points.length) {
        segment();
        points = [];
      }
    }

    if (points.length) segment();

    return segments.length ? segments.join("") : null;
  }

  line.x = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x;
    x = _;
    return line;
  };

  line.y = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y;
    y = _;
    return line;
  };

  line.defined  = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return defined;
    defined = _;
    return line;
  };

  line.interpolate = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return interpolate;
    if (!d3_svg_lineInterpolators.has(_ += "")) _ = d3_svg_lineInterpolatorDefault;
    interpolator = d3_svg_lineInterpolators.get(interpolate = _);
    return line;
  };

  line.tension = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tension;
    tension = _;
    return line;
  };

  return line;
}

d3.svg.line = function() {
  return d3_svg_line(d3_identity);
};

// The default `x` property, which references d[0].
function d3_svg_lineX(d) {
  return d[0];
}

// The default `y` property, which references d[1].
function d3_svg_lineY(d) {
  return d[1];
}

var d3_svg_lineInterpolatorDefault = "linear";

// The various interpolators supported by the `line` class.
var d3_svg_lineInterpolators = d3.map({
  "linear": d3_svg_lineLinear,
  "step-before": d3_svg_lineStepBefore,
  "step-after": d3_svg_lineStepAfter,
  "basis": d3_svg_lineBasis,
  "basis-open": d3_svg_lineBasisOpen,
  "basis-closed": d3_svg_lineBasisClosed,
  "bundle": d3_svg_lineBundle,
  "cardinal": d3_svg_lineCardinal,
  "cardinal-open": d3_svg_lineCardinalOpen,
  "cardinal-closed": d3_svg_lineCardinalClosed,
  "monotone": d3_svg_lineMonotone
});

// Linear interpolation; generates "L" commands.
function d3_svg_lineLinear(points) {
  var i = 0,
      n = points.length,
      p = points[0],
      path = [p[0], ",", p[1]];
  while (++i < n) path.push("L", (p = points[i])[0], ",", p[1]);
  return path.join("");
}

// Step interpolation; generates "H" and "V" commands.
function d3_svg_lineStepBefore(points) {
  var i = 0,
      n = points.length,
      p = points[0],
      path = [p[0], ",", p[1]];
  while (++i < n) path.push("V", (p = points[i])[1], "H", p[0]);
  return path.join("");
}

// Step interpolation; generates "H" and "V" commands.
function d3_svg_lineStepAfter(points) {
  var i = 0,
      n = points.length,
      p = points[0],
      path = [p[0], ",", p[1]];
  while (++i < n) path.push("H", (p = points[i])[0], "V", p[1]);
  return path.join("");
}

// Open cardinal spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineCardinalOpen(points, tension) {
  return points.length < 4
      ? d3_svg_lineLinear(points)
      : points[1] + d3_svg_lineHermite(points.slice(1, points.length - 1),
        d3_svg_lineCardinalTangents(points, tension));
}

// Closed cardinal spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineCardinalClosed(points, tension) {
  return points.length < 3
      ? d3_svg_lineLinear(points)
      : points[0] + d3_svg_lineHermite((points.push(points[0]), points),
        d3_svg_lineCardinalTangents([points[points.length - 2]]
        .concat(points, [points[1]]), tension));
}

// Cardinal spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineCardinal(points, tension, closed) {
  return points.length < 3
      ? d3_svg_lineLinear(points)
      : points[0] + d3_svg_lineHermite(points,
        d3_svg_lineCardinalTangents(points, tension));
}

// Hermite spline construction; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineHermite(points, tangents) {
  if (tangents.length < 1
      || (points.length != tangents.length
      && points.length != tangents.length + 2)) {
    return d3_svg_lineLinear(points);
  }

  var quad = points.length != tangents.length,
      path = "",
      p0 = points[0],
      p = points[1],
      t0 = tangents[0],
      t = t0,
      pi = 1;

  if (quad) {
    path += "Q" + (p[0] - t0[0] * 2 / 3) + "," + (p[1] - t0[1] * 2 / 3)
        + "," + p[0] + "," + p[1];
    p0 = points[1];
    pi = 2;
  }

  if (tangents.length > 1) {
    t = tangents[1];
    p = points[pi];
    pi++;
    path += "C" + (p0[0] + t0[0]) + "," + (p0[1] + t0[1])
        + "," + (p[0] - t[0]) + "," + (p[1] - t[1])
        + "," + p[0] + "," + p[1];
    for (var i = 2; i < tangents.length; i++, pi++) {
      p = points[pi];
      t = tangents[i];
      path += "S" + (p[0] - t[0]) + "," + (p[1] - t[1])
          + "," + p[0] + "," + p[1];
    }
  }

  if (quad) {
    var lp = points[pi];
    path += "Q" + (p[0] + t[0] * 2 / 3) + "," + (p[1] + t[1] * 2 / 3)
        + "," + lp[0] + "," + lp[1];
  }

  return path;
}

// Generates tangents for a cardinal spline.
function d3_svg_lineCardinalTangents(points, tension) {
  var tangents = [],
      a = (1 - tension) / 2,
      p0,
      p1 = points[0],
      p2 = points[1],
      i = 1,
      n = points.length;
  while (++i < n) {
    p0 = p1;
    p1 = p2;
    p2 = points[i];
    tangents.push([a * (p2[0] - p0[0]), a * (p2[1] - p0[1])]);
  }
  return tangents;
}

// B-spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineBasis(points) {
  if (points.length < 3) return d3_svg_lineLinear(points);
  var i = 1,
      n = points.length,
      pi = points[0],
      x0 = pi[0],
      y0 = pi[1],
      px = [x0, x0, x0, (pi = points[1])[0]],
      py = [y0, y0, y0, pi[1]],
      path = [x0, ",", y0];
  d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, px, py);
  while (++i < n) {
    pi = points[i];
    px.shift(); px.push(pi[0]);
    py.shift(); py.push(pi[1]);
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, px, py);
  }
  i = -1;
  while (++i < 2) {
    px.shift(); px.push(pi[0]);
    py.shift(); py.push(pi[1]);
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, px, py);
  }
  return path.join("");
}

// Open B-spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineBasisOpen(points) {
  if (points.length < 4) return d3_svg_lineLinear(points);
  var path = [],
      i = -1,
      n = points.length,
      pi,
      px = [0],
      py = [0];
  while (++i < 3) {
    pi = points[i];
    px.push(pi[0]);
    py.push(pi[1]);
  }
  path.push(d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, px)
    + "," + d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, py));
  --i; while (++i < n) {
    pi = points[i];
    px.shift(); px.push(pi[0]);
    py.shift(); py.push(pi[1]);
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, px, py);
  }
  return path.join("");
}

// Closed B-spline interpolation; generates "C" commands.
function d3_svg_lineBasisClosed(points) {
  var path,
      i = -1,
      n = points.length,
      m = n + 4,
      pi,
      px = [],
      py = [];
  while (++i < 4) {
    pi = points[i % n];
    px.push(pi[0]);
    py.push(pi[1]);
  }
  path = [
    d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, px), ",",
    d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, py)
  ];
  --i; while (++i < m) {
    pi = points[i % n];
    px.shift(); px.push(pi[0]);
    py.shift(); py.push(pi[1]);
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, px, py);
  }
  return path.join("");
}

function d3_svg_lineBundle(points, tension) {
  var n = points.length - 1,
      x0 = points[0][0],
      y0 = points[0][1],
      dx = points[n][0] - x0,
      dy = points[n][1] - y0,
      i = -1,
      p,
      t;
  while (++i <= n) {
    p = points[i];
    t = i / n;
    p[0] = tension * p[0] + (1 - tension) * (x0 + t * dx);
    p[1] = tension * p[1] + (1 - tension) * (y0 + t * dy);
  }
  return d3_svg_lineBasis(points);
}

// Returns the dot product of the given four-element vectors.
function d3_svg_lineDot4(a, b) {
  return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2] + a[3] * b[3];
}

// Matrix to transform basis (b-spline) control points to bezier
// control points. Derived from FvD 11.2.8.
var d3_svg_lineBasisBezier1 = [0, 2/3, 1/3, 0],
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier2 = [0, 1/3, 2/3, 0],
    d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3 = [0, 1/6, 2/3, 1/6];

// Pushes a "C" Bézier curve onto the specified path array, given the
// two specified four-element arrays which define the control points.
function d3_svg_lineBasisBezier(path, x, y) {
  path.push(
      "C", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier1, x),
      ",", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier1, y),
      ",", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier2, x),
      ",", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier2, y),
      ",", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, x),
      ",", d3_svg_lineDot4(d3_svg_lineBasisBezier3, y));
}

// Computes the slope from points p0 to p1.
function d3_svg_lineSlope(p0, p1) {
  return (p1[1] - p0[1]) / (p1[0] - p0[0]);
}

// Compute three-point differences for the given points.
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_Hermite_spline#Finite_difference
function d3_svg_lineFiniteDifferences(points) {
  var i = 0,
      j = points.length - 1,
      m = [],
      p0 = points[0],
      p1 = points[1],
      d = m[0] = d3_svg_lineSlope(p0, p1);
  while (++i < j) {
    m[i] = d + (d = d3_svg_lineSlope(p0 = p1, p1 = points[i + 1]));
  }
  m[i] = d;
  return m;
}

// Interpolates the given points using Fritsch-Carlson Monotone cubic Hermite
// interpolation. Returns an array of tangent vectors. For details, see
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotone_cubic_interpolation
function d3_svg_lineMonotoneTangents(points) {
  var tangents = [],
      d,
      a,
      b,
      s,
      m = d3_svg_lineFiniteDifferences(points),
      i = -1,
      j = points.length - 1;

  // The first two steps are done by computing finite-differences:
  // 1. Compute the slopes of the secant lines between successive points.
  // 2. Initialize the tangents at every point as the average of the secants.

  // Then, for each segment…
  while (++i < j) {
    d = d3_svg_lineSlope(points[i], points[i + 1]);

    // 3. If two successive yk = y{k + 1} are equal (i.e., d is zero), then set
    // mk = m{k + 1} = 0 as the spline connecting these points must be flat to
    // preserve monotonicity. Ignore step 4 and 5 for those k.

    if (Math.abs(d) < 1e-6) {
      m[i] = m[i + 1] = 0;
    } else {
      // 4. Let ak = mk / dk and bk = m{k + 1} / dk.
      a = m[i] / d;
      b = m[i + 1] / d;

      // 5. Prevent overshoot and ensure monotonicity by restricting the
      // magnitude of vector <ak, bk> to a circle of radius 3.
      s = a * a + b * b;
      if (s > 9) {
        s = d * 3 / Math.sqrt(s);
        m[i] = s * a;
        m[i + 1] = s * b;
      }
    }
  }

  // Compute the normalized tangent vector from the slopes. Note that if x is
  // not monotonic, it's possible that the slope will be infinite, so we protect
  // against NaN by setting the coordinate to zero.
  i = -1; while (++i <= j) {
    s = (points[Math.min(j, i + 1)][0] - points[Math.max(0, i - 1)][0]) / (6 * (1 + m[i] * m[i]));
    tangents.push([s || 0, m[i] * s || 0]);
  }

  return tangents;
}

function d3_svg_lineMonotone(points) {
  return points.length < 3
      ? d3_svg_lineLinear(points)
      : points[0] + d3_svg_lineHermite(points, d3_svg_lineMonotoneTangents(points));
}
d3.svg.line.radial = function() {
  var line = d3_svg_line(d3_svg_lineRadial);
  line.radius = line.x, delete line.x;
  line.angle = line.y, delete line.y;
  return line;
};

function d3_svg_lineRadial(points) {
  var point,
      i = -1,
      n = points.length,
      r,
      a;
  while (++i < n) {
    point = points[i];
    r = point[0];
    a = point[1] + d3_svg_arcOffset;
    point[0] = r * Math.cos(a);
    point[1] = r * Math.sin(a);
  }
  return points;
}
function d3_svg_area(projection) {
  var x0 = d3_svg_lineX,
      x1 = d3_svg_lineX,
      y0 = 0,
      y1 = d3_svg_lineY,
      defined = d3_true,
      interpolate = d3_svg_lineInterpolatorDefault,
      i0 = d3_svg_lineLinear,
      i1 = d3_svg_lineLinear,
      L = "L",
      tension = .7;

  function area(data) {
    var segments = [],
        points0 = [],
        points1 = [],
        i = -1,
        n = data.length,
        d,
        fx0 = d3_functor(x0),
        fy0 = d3_functor(y0),
        fx1 = x0 === x1 ? function() { return x; } : d3_functor(x1),
        fy1 = y0 === y1 ? function() { return y; } : d3_functor(y1),
        x,
        y;

    function segment() {
      segments.push("M", i0(projection(points1), tension),
          L, i1(projection(points0.reverse()), tension),
          "Z");
    }

    while (++i < n) {
      if (defined.call(this, d = data[i], i)) {
        points0.push([x = +fx0.call(this, d, i), y = +fy0.call(this, d, i)]);
        points1.push([+fx1.call(this, d, i), +fy1.call(this, d, i)]);
      } else if (points0.length) {
        segment();
        points0 = [];
        points1 = [];
      }
    }

    if (points0.length) segment();

    return segments.length ? segments.join("") : null;
  }

  area.x = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x1;
    x0 = x1 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.x0 = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x0;
    x0 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.x1 = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x1;
    x1 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.y = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y1;
    y0 = y1 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.y0 = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y0;
    y0 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.y1 = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y1;
    y1 = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.defined  = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return defined;
    defined = _;
    return area;
  };

  area.interpolate = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return interpolate;
    if (!d3_svg_lineInterpolators.has(_ += "")) _ = d3_svg_lineInterpolatorDefault;
    i0 = d3_svg_lineInterpolators.get(interpolate = _);
    i1 = i0.reverse || i0;
    L = /-closed$/.test(_) ? "M" : "L";
    return area;
  };

  area.tension = function(_) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tension;
    tension = _;
    return area;
  };

  return area;
}

d3_svg_lineStepBefore.reverse = d3_svg_lineStepAfter;
d3_svg_lineStepAfter.reverse = d3_svg_lineStepBefore;

d3.svg.area = function() {
  return d3_svg_area(Object);
};
d3.svg.area.radial = function() {
  var area = d3_svg_area(d3_svg_lineRadial);
  area.radius = area.x, delete area.x;
  area.innerRadius = area.x0, delete area.x0;
  area.outerRadius = area.x1, delete area.x1;
  area.angle = area.y, delete area.y;
  area.startAngle = area.y0, delete area.y0;
  area.endAngle = area.y1, delete area.y1;
  return area;
};
d3.svg.chord = function() {
  var source = d3_svg_chordSource,
      target = d3_svg_chordTarget,
      radius = d3_svg_chordRadius,
      startAngle = d3_svg_arcStartAngle,
      endAngle = d3_svg_arcEndAngle;

  // TODO Allow control point to be customized.

  function chord(d, i) {
    var s = subgroup(this, source, d, i),
        t = subgroup(this, target, d, i);
    return "M" + s.p0
      + arc(s.r, s.p1, s.a1 - s.a0) + (equals(s, t)
      ? curve(s.r, s.p1, s.r, s.p0)
      : curve(s.r, s.p1, t.r, t.p0)
      + arc(t.r, t.p1, t.a1 - t.a0)
      + curve(t.r, t.p1, s.r, s.p0))
      + "Z";
  }

  function subgroup(self, f, d, i) {
    var subgroup = f.call(self, d, i),
        r = radius.call(self, subgroup, i),
        a0 = startAngle.call(self, subgroup, i) + d3_svg_arcOffset,
        a1 = endAngle.call(self, subgroup, i) + d3_svg_arcOffset;
    return {
      r: r,
      a0: a0,
      a1: a1,
      p0: [r * Math.cos(a0), r * Math.sin(a0)],
      p1: [r * Math.cos(a1), r * Math.sin(a1)]
    };
  }

  function equals(a, b) {
    return a.a0 == b.a0 && a.a1 == b.a1;
  }

  function arc(r, p, a) {
    return "A" + r + "," + r + " 0 " + +(a > Math.PI) + ",1 " + p;
  }

  function curve(r0, p0, r1, p1) {
    return "Q 0,0 " + p1;
  }

  chord.radius = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return radius;
    radius = d3_functor(v);
    return chord;
  };

  chord.source = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return source;
    source = d3_functor(v);
    return chord;
  };

  chord.target = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return target;
    target = d3_functor(v);
    return chord;
  };

  chord.startAngle = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return startAngle;
    startAngle = d3_functor(v);
    return chord;
  };

  chord.endAngle = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return endAngle;
    endAngle = d3_functor(v);
    return chord;
  };

  return chord;
};

function d3_svg_chordSource(d) {
  return d.source;
}

function d3_svg_chordTarget(d) {
  return d.target;
}

function d3_svg_chordRadius(d) {
  return d.radius;
}

function d3_svg_chordStartAngle(d) {
  return d.startAngle;
}

function d3_svg_chordEndAngle(d) {
  return d.endAngle;
}
d3.svg.diagonal = function() {
  var source = d3_svg_chordSource,
      target = d3_svg_chordTarget,
      projection = d3_svg_diagonalProjection;

  function diagonal(d, i) {
    var p0 = source.call(this, d, i),
        p3 = target.call(this, d, i),
        m = (p0.y + p3.y) / 2,
        p = [p0, {x: p0.x, y: m}, {x: p3.x, y: m}, p3];
    p = p.map(projection);
    return "M" + p[0] + "C" + p[1] + " " + p[2] + " " + p[3];
  }

  diagonal.source = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return source;
    source = d3_functor(x);
    return diagonal;
  };

  diagonal.target = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return target;
    target = d3_functor(x);
    return diagonal;
  };

  diagonal.projection = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return projection;
    projection = x;
    return diagonal;
  };

  return diagonal;
};

function d3_svg_diagonalProjection(d) {
  return [d.x, d.y];
}
d3.svg.diagonal.radial = function() {
  var diagonal = d3.svg.diagonal(),
      projection = d3_svg_diagonalProjection,
      projection_ = diagonal.projection;

  diagonal.projection = function(x) {
    return arguments.length
        ? projection_(d3_svg_diagonalRadialProjection(projection = x))
        : projection;
  };

  return diagonal;
};

function d3_svg_diagonalRadialProjection(projection) {
  return function() {
    var d = projection.apply(this, arguments),
        r = d[0],
        a = d[1] + d3_svg_arcOffset;
    return [r * Math.cos(a), r * Math.sin(a)];
  };
}
d3.svg.mouse = d3.mouse;
d3.svg.touches = d3.touches;
d3.svg.symbol = function() {
  var type = d3_svg_symbolType,
      size = d3_svg_symbolSize;

  function symbol(d, i) {
    return (d3_svg_symbols.get(type.call(this, d, i))
        || d3_svg_symbolCircle)
        (size.call(this, d, i));
  }

  symbol.type = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return type;
    type = d3_functor(x);
    return symbol;
  };

  // size of symbol in square pixels
  symbol.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = d3_functor(x);
    return symbol;
  };

  return symbol;
};

function d3_svg_symbolSize() {
  return 64;
}

function d3_svg_symbolType() {
  return "circle";
}

function d3_svg_symbolCircle(size) {
  var r = Math.sqrt(size / Math.PI);
  return "M0," + r
      + "A" + r + "," + r + " 0 1,1 0," + (-r)
      + "A" + r + "," + r + " 0 1,1 0," + r
      + "Z";
}

// TODO cross-diagonal?
var d3_svg_symbols = d3.map({
  "circle": d3_svg_symbolCircle,
  "cross": function(size) {
    var r = Math.sqrt(size / 5) / 2;
    return "M" + -3 * r + "," + -r
        + "H" + -r
        + "V" + -3 * r
        + "H" + r
        + "V" + -r
        + "H" + 3 * r
        + "V" + r
        + "H" + r
        + "V" + 3 * r
        + "H" + -r
        + "V" + r
        + "H" + -3 * r
        + "Z";
  },
  "diamond": function(size) {
    var ry = Math.sqrt(size / (2 * d3_svg_symbolTan30)),
        rx = ry * d3_svg_symbolTan30;
    return "M0," + -ry
        + "L" + rx + ",0"
        + " 0," + ry
        + " " + -rx + ",0"
        + "Z";
  },
  "square": function(size) {
    var r = Math.sqrt(size) / 2;
    return "M" + -r + "," + -r
        + "L" + r + "," + -r
        + " " + r + "," + r
        + " " + -r + "," + r
        + "Z";
  },
  "triangle-down": function(size) {
    var rx = Math.sqrt(size / d3_svg_symbolSqrt3),
        ry = rx * d3_svg_symbolSqrt3 / 2;
    return "M0," + ry
        + "L" + rx +"," + -ry
        + " " + -rx + "," + -ry
        + "Z";
  },
  "triangle-up": function(size) {
    var rx = Math.sqrt(size / d3_svg_symbolSqrt3),
        ry = rx * d3_svg_symbolSqrt3 / 2;
    return "M0," + -ry
        + "L" + rx +"," + ry
        + " " + -rx + "," + ry
        + "Z";
  }
});

d3.svg.symbolTypes = d3_svg_symbols.keys();

var d3_svg_symbolSqrt3 = Math.sqrt(3),
    d3_svg_symbolTan30 = Math.tan(30 * Math.PI / 180);
d3.svg.axis = function() {
  var scale = d3.scale.linear(),
      orient = "bottom",
      tickMajorSize = 6,
      tickMinorSize = 6,
      tickEndSize = 6,
      tickPadding = 3,
      tickArguments_ = [10],
      tickValues = null,
      tickFormat_,
      tickSubdivide = 0;

  function axis(g) {
    g.each(function() {
      var g = d3.select(this);

      // Ticks, or domain values for ordinal scales.
      var ticks = tickValues == null ? (scale.ticks ? scale.ticks.apply(scale, tickArguments_) : scale.domain()) : tickValues,
          tickFormat = tickFormat_ == null ? (scale.tickFormat ? scale.tickFormat.apply(scale, tickArguments_) : String) : tickFormat_;

      // Minor ticks.
      var subticks = d3_svg_axisSubdivide(scale, ticks, tickSubdivide),
          subtick = g.selectAll(".minor").data(subticks, String),
          subtickEnter = subtick.enter().insert("line", "g").attr("class", "tick minor").style("opacity", 1e-6),
          subtickExit = d3.transition(subtick.exit()).style("opacity", 1e-6).remove(),
          subtickUpdate = d3.transition(subtick).style("opacity", 1);

      // Major ticks.
      var tick = g.selectAll("g").data(ticks, String),
          tickEnter = tick.enter().insert("g", "path").style("opacity", 1e-6),
          tickExit = d3.transition(tick.exit()).style("opacity", 1e-6).remove(),
          tickUpdate = d3.transition(tick).style("opacity", 1),
          tickTransform;

      // Domain.
      var range = d3_scaleRange(scale),
          path = g.selectAll(".domain").data([0]),
          pathEnter = path.enter().append("path").attr("class", "domain"),
          pathUpdate = d3.transition(path);

      // Stash a snapshot of the new scale, and retrieve the old snapshot.
      var scale1 = scale.copy(),
          scale0 = this.__chart__ || scale1;
      this.__chart__ = scale1;

      tickEnter.append("line").attr("class", "tick");
      tickEnter.append("text");
      tickUpdate.select("text").text(tickFormat);

      switch (orient) {
        case "bottom": {
          tickTransform = d3_svg_axisX;
          subtickEnter.attr("y2", tickMinorSize);
          subtickUpdate.attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", tickMinorSize);
          tickEnter.select("line").attr("y2", tickMajorSize);
          tickEnter.select("text").attr("y", Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding);
          tickUpdate.select("line").attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", tickMajorSize);
          tickUpdate.select("text").attr("x", 0).attr("y", Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding).attr("dy", ".71em").attr("text-anchor", "middle");
          pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + range[0] + "," + tickEndSize + "V0H" + range[1] + "V" + tickEndSize);
          break;
        }
        case "top": {
          tickTransform = d3_svg_axisX;
          subtickEnter.attr("y2", -tickMinorSize);
          subtickUpdate.attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", -tickMinorSize);
          tickEnter.select("line").attr("y2", -tickMajorSize);
          tickEnter.select("text").attr("y", -(Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding));
          tickUpdate.select("line").attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", -tickMajorSize);
          tickUpdate.select("text").attr("x", 0).attr("y", -(Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding)).attr("dy", "0em").attr("text-anchor", "middle");
          pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + range[0] + "," + -tickEndSize + "V0H" + range[1] + "V" + -tickEndSize);
          break;
        }
        case "left": {
          tickTransform = d3_svg_axisY;
          subtickEnter.attr("x2", -tickMinorSize);
          subtickUpdate.attr("x2", -tickMinorSize).attr("y2", 0);
          tickEnter.select("line").attr("x2", -tickMajorSize);
          tickEnter.select("text").attr("x", -(Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding));
          tickUpdate.select("line").attr("x2", -tickMajorSize).attr("y2", 0);
          tickUpdate.select("text").attr("x", -(Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding)).attr("y", 0).attr("dy", ".32em").attr("text-anchor", "end");
          pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + -tickEndSize + "," + range[0] + "H0V" + range[1] + "H" + -tickEndSize);
          break;
        }
        case "right": {
          tickTransform = d3_svg_axisY;
          subtickEnter.attr("x2", tickMinorSize);
          subtickUpdate.attr("x2", tickMinorSize).attr("y2", 0);
          tickEnter.select("line").attr("x2", tickMajorSize);
          tickEnter.select("text").attr("x", Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding);
          tickUpdate.select("line").attr("x2", tickMajorSize).attr("y2", 0);
          tickUpdate.select("text").attr("x", Math.max(tickMajorSize, 0) + tickPadding).attr("y", 0).attr("dy", ".32em").attr("text-anchor", "start");
          pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + tickEndSize + "," + range[0] + "H0V" + range[1] + "H" + tickEndSize);
          break;
        }
      }

      // For quantitative scales:
      // - enter new ticks from the old scale
      // - exit old ticks to the new scale
      if (scale.ticks) {
        tickEnter.call(tickTransform, scale0);
        tickUpdate.call(tickTransform, scale1);
        tickExit.call(tickTransform, scale1);
        subtickEnter.call(tickTransform, scale0);
        subtickUpdate.call(tickTransform, scale1);
        subtickExit.call(tickTransform, scale1);
      }

      // For ordinal scales:
      // - any entering ticks are undefined in the old scale
      // - any exiting ticks are undefined in the new scale
      // Therefore, we only need to transition updating ticks.
      else {
        var dx = scale1.rangeBand() / 2, x = function(d) { return scale1(d) + dx; };
        tickEnter.call(tickTransform, x);
        tickUpdate.call(tickTransform, x);
      }
    });
  }

  axis.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = x;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.orient = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return orient;
    orient = x;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.ticks = function() {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickArguments_;
    tickArguments_ = arguments;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.tickValues = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickValues;
    tickValues = x;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.tickFormat = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickFormat_;
    tickFormat_ = x;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.tickSize = function(x, y, z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickMajorSize;
    var n = arguments.length - 1;
    tickMajorSize = +x;
    tickMinorSize = n > 1 ? +y : tickMajorSize;
    tickEndSize = n > 0 ? +arguments[n] : tickMajorSize;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.tickPadding = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickPadding;
    tickPadding = +x;
    return axis;
  };

  axis.tickSubdivide = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return tickSubdivide;
    tickSubdivide = +x;
    return axis;
  };

  return axis;
};

function d3_svg_axisX(selection, x) {
  selection.attr("transform", function(d) { return "translate(" + x(d) + ",0)"; });
}

function d3_svg_axisY(selection, y) {
  selection.attr("transform", function(d) { return "translate(0," + y(d) + ")"; });
}

function d3_svg_axisSubdivide(scale, ticks, m) {
  subticks = [];
  if (m && ticks.length > 1) {
    var extent = d3_scaleExtent(scale.domain()),
        subticks,
        i = -1,
        n = ticks.length,
        d = (ticks[1] - ticks[0]) / ++m,
        j,
        v;
    while (++i < n) {
      for (j = m; --j > 0;) {
        if ((v = +ticks[i] - j * d) >= extent[0]) {
          subticks.push(v);
        }
      }
    }
    for (--i, j = 0; ++j < m && (v = +ticks[i] + j * d) < extent[1];) {
      subticks.push(v);
    }
  }
  return subticks;
}
d3.svg.brush = function() {
  var event = d3_eventDispatch(brush, "brushstart", "brush", "brushend"),
      x = null, // x-scale, optional
      y = null, // y-scale, optional
      resizes = d3_svg_brushResizes[0],
      extent = [[0, 0], [0, 0]], // [x0, y0], [x1, y1], in pixels (integers)
      extentDomain; // the extent in data space, lazily created

  function brush(g) {
    g.each(function() {
      var g = d3.select(this),
          bg = g.selectAll(".background").data([0]),
          fg = g.selectAll(".extent").data([0]),
          tz = g.selectAll(".resize").data(resizes, String),
          e;

      // Prepare the brush container for events.
      g
          .style("pointer-events", "all")
          .on("mousedown.brush", brushstart)
          .on("touchstart.brush", brushstart);

      // An invisible, mouseable area for starting a new brush.
      bg.enter().append("rect")
          .attr("class", "background")
          .style("visibility", "hidden")
          .style("cursor", "crosshair");

      // The visible brush extent; style this as you like!
      fg.enter().append("rect")
          .attr("class", "extent")
          .style("cursor", "move");

      // More invisible rects for resizing the extent.
      tz.enter().append("g")
          .attr("class", function(d) { return "resize " + d; })
          .style("cursor", function(d) { return d3_svg_brushCursor[d]; })
        .append("rect")
          .attr("x", function(d) { return /[ew]$/.test(d) ? -3 : null; })
          .attr("y", function(d) { return /^[ns]/.test(d) ? -3 : null; })
          .attr("width", 6)
          .attr("height", 6)
          .style("visibility", "hidden");

      // Show or hide the resizers.
      tz.style("display", brush.empty() ? "none" : null);

      // Remove any superfluous resizers.
      tz.exit().remove();

      // Initialize the background to fill the defined range.
      // If the range isn't defined, you can post-process.
      if (x) {
        e = d3_scaleRange(x);
        bg.attr("x", e[0]).attr("width", e[1] - e[0]);
        redrawX(g);
      }
      if (y) {
        e = d3_scaleRange(y);
        bg.attr("y", e[0]).attr("height", e[1] - e[0]);
        redrawY(g);
      }
      redraw(g);
    });
  }

  function redraw(g) {
    g.selectAll(".resize").attr("transform", function(d) {
      return "translate(" + extent[+/e$/.test(d)][0] + "," + extent[+/^s/.test(d)][1] + ")";
    });
  }

  function redrawX(g) {
    g.select(".extent").attr("x", extent[0][0]);
    g.selectAll(".extent,.n>rect,.s>rect").attr("width", extent[1][0] - extent[0][0]);
  }

  function redrawY(g) {
    g.select(".extent").attr("y", extent[0][1]);
    g.selectAll(".extent,.e>rect,.w>rect").attr("height", extent[1][1] - extent[0][1]);
  }

  function brushstart() {
    var target = this,
        eventTarget = d3.select(d3.event.target),
        event_ = event.of(target, arguments),
        g = d3.select(target),
        resizing = eventTarget.datum(),
        resizingX = !/^(n|s)$/.test(resizing) && x,
        resizingY = !/^(e|w)$/.test(resizing) && y,
        dragging = eventTarget.classed("extent"),
        center,
        origin = mouse(),
        offset;

    var w = d3.select(window)
        .on("mousemove.brush", brushmove)
        .on("mouseup.brush", brushend)
        .on("touchmove.brush", brushmove)
        .on("touchend.brush", brushend)
        .on("keydown.brush", keydown)
        .on("keyup.brush", keyup);

    // If the extent was clicked on, drag rather than brush;
    // store the point between the mouse and extent origin instead.
    if (dragging) {
      origin[0] = extent[0][0] - origin[0];
      origin[1] = extent[0][1] - origin[1];
    }

    // If a resizer was clicked on, record which side is to be resized.
    // Also, set the origin to the opposite side.
    else if (resizing) {
      var ex = +/w$/.test(resizing),
          ey = +/^n/.test(resizing);
      offset = [extent[1 - ex][0] - origin[0], extent[1 - ey][1] - origin[1]];
      origin[0] = extent[ex][0];
      origin[1] = extent[ey][1];
    }

    // If the ALT key is down when starting a brush, the center is at the mouse.
    else if (d3.event.altKey) center = origin.slice();

    // Propagate the active cursor to the body for the drag duration.
    g.style("pointer-events", "none").selectAll(".resize").style("display", null);
    d3.select("body").style("cursor", eventTarget.style("cursor"));

    // Notify listeners.
    event_({type: "brushstart"});
    brushmove();
    d3_eventCancel();

    function mouse() {
      var touches = d3.event.changedTouches;
      return touches ? d3.touches(target, touches)[0] : d3.mouse(target);
    }

    function keydown() {
      if (d3.event.keyCode == 32) {
        if (!dragging) {
          center = null;
          origin[0] -= extent[1][0];
          origin[1] -= extent[1][1];
          dragging = 2;
        }
        d3_eventCancel();
      }
    }

    function keyup() {
      if (d3.event.keyCode == 32 && dragging == 2) {
        origin[0] += extent[1][0];
        origin[1] += extent[1][1];
        dragging = 0;
        d3_eventCancel();
      }
    }

    function brushmove() {
      var point = mouse(),
          moved = false;

      // Preserve the offset for thick resizers.
      if (offset) {
        point[0] += offset[0];
        point[1] += offset[1];
      }

      if (!dragging) {

        // If needed, determine the center from the current extent.
        if (d3.event.altKey) {
          if (!center) center = [(extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2, (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2];

          // Update the origin, for when the ALT key is released.
          origin[0] = extent[+(point[0] < center[0])][0];
          origin[1] = extent[+(point[1] < center[1])][1];
        }

        // When the ALT key is released, we clear the center.
        else center = null;
      }

      // Update the brush extent for each dimension.
      if (resizingX && move1(point, x, 0)) {
        redrawX(g);
        moved = true;
      }
      if (resizingY && move1(point, y, 1)) {
        redrawY(g);
        moved = true;
      }

      // Final redraw and notify listeners.
      if (moved) {
        redraw(g);
        event_({type: "brush", mode: dragging ? "move" : "resize"});
      }
    }

    function move1(point, scale, i) {
      var range = d3_scaleRange(scale),
          r0 = range[0],
          r1 = range[1],
          position = origin[i],
          size = extent[1][i] - extent[0][i],
          min,
          max;

      // When dragging, reduce the range by the extent size and position.
      if (dragging) {
        r0 -= position;
        r1 -= size + position;
      }

      // Clamp the point so that the extent fits within the range extent.
      min = Math.max(r0, Math.min(r1, point[i]));

      // Compute the new extent bounds.
      if (dragging) {
        max = (min += position) + size;
      } else {

        // If the ALT key is pressed, then preserve the center of the extent.
        if (center) position = Math.max(r0, Math.min(r1, 2 * center[i] - min));

        // Compute the min and max of the position and point.
        if (position < min) {
          max = min;
          min = position;
        } else {
          max = position;
        }
      }

      // Update the stored bounds.
      if (extent[0][i] !== min || extent[1][i] !== max) {
        extentDomain = null;
        extent[0][i] = min;
        extent[1][i] = max;
        return true;
      }
    }

    function brushend() {
      brushmove();

      // reset the cursor styles
      g.style("pointer-events", "all").selectAll(".resize").style("display", brush.empty() ? "none" : null);
      d3.select("body").style("cursor", null);

      w .on("mousemove.brush", null)
        .on("mouseup.brush", null)
        .on("touchmove.brush", null)
        .on("touchend.brush", null)
        .on("keydown.brush", null)
        .on("keyup.brush", null);

      event_({type: "brushend"});
      d3_eventCancel();
    }
  }

  brush.x = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x;
    x = z;
    resizes = d3_svg_brushResizes[!x << 1 | !y]; // fore!
    return brush;
  };

  brush.y = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y;
    y = z;
    resizes = d3_svg_brushResizes[!x << 1 | !y]; // fore!
    return brush;
  };

  brush.extent = function(z) {
    var x0, x1, y0, y1, t;

    // Invert the pixel extent to data-space.
    if (!arguments.length) {
      z = extentDomain || extent;
      if (x) {
        x0 = z[0][0], x1 = z[1][0];
        if (!extentDomain) {
          x0 = extent[0][0], x1 = extent[1][0];
          if (x.invert) x0 = x.invert(x0), x1 = x.invert(x1);
          if (x1 < x0) t = x0, x0 = x1, x1 = t;
        }
      }
      if (y) {
        y0 = z[0][1], y1 = z[1][1];
        if (!extentDomain) {
          y0 = extent[0][1], y1 = extent[1][1];
          if (y.invert) y0 = y.invert(y0), y1 = y.invert(y1);
          if (y1 < y0) t = y0, y0 = y1, y1 = t;
        }
      }
      return x && y ? [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]] : x ? [x0, x1] : y && [y0, y1];
    }

    // Scale the data-space extent to pixels.
    extentDomain = [[0, 0], [0, 0]];
    if (x) {
      x0 = z[0], x1 = z[1];
      if (y) x0 = x0[0], x1 = x1[0];
      extentDomain[0][0] = x0, extentDomain[1][0] = x1;
      if (x.invert) x0 = x(x0), x1 = x(x1);
      if (x1 < x0) t = x0, x0 = x1, x1 = t;
      extent[0][0] = x0 | 0, extent[1][0] = x1 | 0;
    }
    if (y) {
      y0 = z[0], y1 = z[1];
      if (x) y0 = y0[1], y1 = y1[1];
      extentDomain[0][1] = y0, extentDomain[1][1] = y1;
      if (y.invert) y0 = y(y0), y1 = y(y1);
      if (y1 < y0) t = y0, y0 = y1, y1 = t;
      extent[0][1] = y0 | 0, extent[1][1] = y1 | 0;
    }

    return brush;
  };

  brush.clear = function() {
    extentDomain = null;
    extent[0][0] =
    extent[0][1] =
    extent[1][0] =
    extent[1][1] = 0;
    return brush;
  };

  brush.empty = function() {
    return (x && extent[0][0] === extent[1][0])
        || (y && extent[0][1] === extent[1][1]);
  };

  return d3.rebind(brush, event, "on");
};

var d3_svg_brushCursor = {
  n: "ns-resize",
  e: "ew-resize",
  s: "ns-resize",
  w: "ew-resize",
  nw: "nwse-resize",
  ne: "nesw-resize",
  se: "nwse-resize",
  sw: "nesw-resize"
};

var d3_svg_brushResizes = [
  ["n", "e", "s", "w", "nw", "ne", "se", "sw"],
  ["e", "w"],
  ["n", "s"],
  []
];
/**
 * Initializes and creates the root {@link D3RaphaelSelection} for the specified
 * Raphael Paper.
 *
 * @example
 * var paper = new Raphael(document.body, 300, 200);
 * var d3_raphael_selection = d3.raphael(paper);
 *
 * @see <a href="http://raphaeljs.com/reference.html#Raphael">Raphael</a>
 * @see <a href="http://raphaeljs.com/reference.html#Paper">Raphael.Paper</a>
 *
 * @param {Raphael.Paper} paper
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} a selection of the root Raphael.Paper element
 *
 * @function
 * @namespace
 */
d3.raphael = function(paper) {
    var root = new D3RaphaelRoot(paper);

    return d3_raphael_selection([[root.paper]], root)
};

function throw_raphael_not_supported() {
    throw "Not Supported!";
};

function d3_raphael_pathArrayToString(pa) {
    var ret = "";

    for(var i = 0; i < pa.length; i++) {
        var p = pa[i];

        ret += p[0];

        if(p[1])
            ret += (p[1].join(","))
    }

    return ret;
}

function d3_raphael_functify(f) {
    return (typeof f === "function") ? f : function() { return f; };
}
if(typeof Raphael !== "undefined") {
    // Inspiration (and code copied): http://strongriley.github.com/d3/ex/calendar.html (-ewebb 120430)

// From: http://www.hunlock.com/blogs/Totally_Pwn_CSS_with_Javascript#quickIDX1
    function d3_raphael_getCSSRule(ruleName, deleteFlag) {                     // Return requested style obejct
        ruleName = ruleName.toLowerCase();                          // Convert test string to lower case.
        if (document.styleSheets) {                                 // If browser can play with stylesheets
            for (var i = 0; i < document.styleSheets.length; i++) { // For each stylesheet
                var styleSheet = document.styleSheets[i];           // Get the current Stylesheet
                var ii = 0;                                         // Initialize subCounter.
                var cssRule = false;                                // Initialize cssRule.
                do {                                                    // For each rule in stylesheet
                    if (styleSheet.cssRules) {                      // Browser uses cssRules?
                        cssRule = styleSheet.cssRules[ii];          // Yes --Mozilla Style
                    } else {                                        // Browser usses rules?
                        cssRule = styleSheet.rules[ii];             // Yes IE style.
                    }                                               // End IE check.
                    if (cssRule) {                                  // If we found a rule...
                        if (cssRule.selectorText.toLowerCase() == ruleName) { //  match ruleName?
                            if (deleteFlag == 'delete') {               // Yes.  Are we deleteing?
                                if (styleSheet.cssRules) {              // Yes, deleting...
                                    styleSheet.deleteRule(ii);          // Delete rule, Moz Style
                                } else {                                // Still deleting.
                                    styleSheet.removeRule(ii);          // Delete rule IE style.
                                }                                       // End IE check.
                                return true;                            // return true, class deleted.
                            } else {                                    // found and not deleting.
                                return cssRule;                         // return the style object.
                            }                                           // End delete Check
                        }                                               // End found rule name
                    }                                                   // end found cssRule
                    ii++;                                               // Increment sub-counter
                } while (cssRule)                                       // end While loop
            }                                                           // end For loop
        }                                                               // end styleSheet ability check
        return false;                                                   // we found NOTHING!
    }                                                                   // end getCSSRule

    function d3_raphael_getCSSAttributes(selector) {
        var rules = d3_raphael_getCSSRule(selector),
            attributes = {};
        if (!rules) return false;
        rules = rules.style.cssText.split(';');
        for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
            var rule = rules[i].split(':');
            if (rule[0] !== undefined && rule[1] !== undefined)
                var key = rule[0].replace(' ',''),
                    value = rule[1].replace(' ','');
            attributes[key] = value;
        }
        return attributes;
    }

    function d3_raphael_addClassesToClassName(className, addClass) {
        // adapted from jQuery addClass()
        var addClasses = addClass.split(' ');

        var setClass = ' ' + className + ' ';
        for (var i = -1, m = addClasses.length; ++i < m;) {
            if (!~setClass.indexOf(' ' + addClasses[i] + ' ')) {
                setClass += addClasses[i] + ' ';
            }
        }
        return setClass.slice(1, -1);
    }

    Raphael.st.addClass = function(addClass, parentSelector) {
        //Simple set Attribute class if SVG
        if (Raphael.svg) {
            for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
                this[i].addClass(addClass)
            };
        }
        //For IE
        else {
            var sel = '.' + addClass;
            sel = parentSelector ? parentSelector + ' ' + sel : sel;
            var attributes = d3_raphael_getCSSAttributes(sel);
            for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
                this[i].attr(attributes);
                this[i].node.className = d3_raphael_addClassesToClassName(this[i].node.className, addClass);
            }
        }
    }

    Raphael.el.addClass = function(addClass, parentSelector) {
        //easily add class
        if (Raphael.svg) {
            var cssClass = this.node.getAttribute('class');
            if (cssClass !== null)
            {
                cssClass = ' '  + cssClass + ' ';
                if (cssClass.indexOf(' ' + addClass + ' ') < 0)
                {
                    cssClass += addClass;
                    this.node.setAttribute('class', cssClass.trim());
                }
            }
            else
            { this.node.setAttribute('class', addClass); }
        }
        //must extract CSS requirements
        else {
            var sel = '.' + addClass;
            sel = parentSelector ? parentSelector + ' ' + sel : sel;

            var attributes = d3_raphael_getCSSAttributes(sel);
            this.attr(attributes);
            this.node.className = d3_raphael_addClassesToClassName(this.node.className, addClass);
        }
    }

    Raphael.st.removeClass = function(remClass, parentSelector) {
        //Simple set Attribute class if SVG
        if (Raphael.svg) {
            for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
                this[i].remove(remClass)
            };
        }
        //For IE
        else {
            // TODO: I haven't figured out what this block was for in #addClass
        }
    }

    Raphael.el.removeClass = function(remClass, parentSelector) {
        if (Raphael.svg) {
            if (this.node.getAttribute('class') !== null)
            {
                var cssClass = " " + this.node.getAttribute('class') + " ";
                this.node.setAttribute('class', cssClass.replace(" " + remClass + " ", " ").trim());
            }
        }
        else {
            // TODO: I haven't figured out what this block was for in #addClass
        }
    }
}
if(typeof Raphael !== "undefined") {
    // adds a Raphael custom attribute "d" which maps to "path"
    // in d3/svg, the definition of a path is specified via attribute "d",
    // in raphael, it's specified via attribute "path".
    //
    // this bridges the two worlds a little
    function d3_raphael_addCustomAttributes(paper) {
        paper.ca.d = function(path) {
            return {path: path};
        }
    }

    // adds selection.attr("class",...) support
    // see raphaelselection.attr
}

// manual selector
function d3_raphael_selector(s, d3_paper, first) {
    var found = [];

    var selectorParts = s.split('.');

    // get elem type if supplied
    var type = null;
    if (selectorParts[0] === '') {
        // either selectorParts is [''] meaning it was a blank string, or
        // it starts with '' which means we started with a dot. either way
        // discard the first element and things resolve.
        selectorParts.shift();
    } else {
        // first element is actually a string, meaning it's a type selector.
        type = selectorParts.shift();
    }

    // rename for clarity; above code leaves requiredClasses
    var requiredClasses = selectorParts;

    // check function
    var isMatch = function(el) {
        // check type if necessary
        if (type && (el.type !== type)) {
            return false;
        }

        // check classes if necessary
        if (requiredClasses.length > 0) {
            var classAttribute = el.node.getAttribute('class');
            var elClassIndex = {};
            if (classAttribute) {
                var elClasses = classAttribute.split(' ');
                for (var i = -1, m = elClasses.length; ++i < m;)
                {
                    elClassIndex[elClasses[i]] = true;
                }
            }

            for (var i = -1, m = requiredClasses.length; ++i < m;) {
                if (!elClassIndex[requiredClasses[i]]) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    };

    // actually check
    d3_paper.forEach(function(el) {
        if(isMatch(el)) {
            found.push(el);

            return !first; // break forEach for first only requests
        }
    })

    return found;
};

/**
 * A d3 container for the Raphael paper, with delegate helpers to Raphael and select/selectAll functionality.
 *
 * @param paper
 * @constructor
 * @version Internal; Subject to change
 * @private
 */
var D3RaphaelRoot = function(paper) {
    d3_raphael_addCustomAttributes(paper);
    this.paper = paper;
};

/**
 * Performs a select on the elements in the Raphael paper.
 *
 * @param {String} raphael selector string; supports primitive type name and css classes.
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection}
 * @private
 * @version Internal; Subject to change
 */
D3RaphaelRoot.prototype.select = function(s) {
    return d3_raphael_selection([d3_raphael_selector(s, this, true)], this)
};

/**
 * Performs a selectAll on the elements in the Raphael paper.
 *
 * @param {String} raphael selector string; supports primitive type name and css classes.
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection}
 * @private
 */
D3RaphaelRoot.prototype.selectAll = function(s) {
    return d3_raphael_selection([d3_raphael_selector(s, this, false)], this)
};

/**
 * Creates a Raphael paper primitive object.
 *
 * @param {String} type type name
 * @return {*}
 * @private
 */
D3RaphaelRoot.prototype.create = function(type) {
    if(d3_raphael_paperShapes.indexOf(type) < 0)
        throw "Unsupported shape: " + type;

    return this[type]();
};

/**
 * Raphael primitives supported by d34raphael. <br />
 * Currently: <code>["circle", "ellipse", "rect", "text", "path"]</code>
 *
 * @type {Array}
 * @constant
 */
var d3_raphael_paperShapes = ["circle", "ellipse", "rect", "text", "path"];
var d3_raphael_paperDelegateMethods = d3_raphael_paperShapes.concat(["forEach"]);

function d3_raphael_rootToPaperDelegate(method_name) {
    return function() { return this.paper[method_name].apply(this.paper, arguments); }
};

for(var i = 0; i < d3_raphael_paperDelegateMethods.length; i++) {
    var method_name = d3_raphael_paperDelegateMethods[i];

    D3RaphaelRoot.prototype[method_name] = d3_raphael_rootToPaperDelegate(method_name);
};
var d3_raphael_selection = function(groups, d3_raphael_root) {
    d3_arraySubclass(groups, d3_raphael_selectionPrototype);
    groups.root = d3_raphael_root;

    return groups;
};

var d3_raphael_selectionPrototype = [];

// todo: see if it is possible to generalize this method from the almost identical one in d3

/**
 * Binds the provided data to the selected Raphael element(s). <br />
 * <br />
 * IMPLEMENTATION NOTE: Usage identical to the native d3 version, except internally, instead of binding the data to the DOM objects (like d3 does),
 * the data is bound to the Raphael wrapper element(s) of the DOM.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-data">d3.selection.data()</a>
 * @param value
 * @param {function} key_function
 * @return {D3RaphaelUpdateSelection}
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#data
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.data = function(value, key_function) {
    // kind of a hack, but saves a lot of code duplication; sub out the
    // built-in selection calls for our own for the duration of the inner call.

    // save old
    var old_d3_selection_enter = d3_selection_enter,
        old_d3_selection = d3_selection;

    // sub in
    var selection = this;
    d3_selection_enter = function(elems) {
        return d3_raphael_enterSelection(elems, selection.root);
    };
    d3_selection = function(elems) {
        return d3_raphael_selection(elems, selection.root);
    };

    // actual call
    var update = d3_selectionPrototype.data.call(this, value, key_function);

    // sub out
    d3_selection_enter = old_d3_selection_enter;
    d3_selection = old_d3_selection;

    /**
     * Returns the entering selection: placeholder nodes for each data element for which no corresponding existing DOM element was found in the current selection.
     *
     * @return {D3RaphaelEnterSelection}
     *
     * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-enter">d3.selection.enter()</a></code>
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelUpdateSelection#enter
     */
    var enter = update.enter;
    update.enter = function() { return enter(); };

    /**
     * Returns the exiting selection: existing DOM elements in the current selection for which no new data element was found.
     *
     * @return {D3RaphaelSelection}
     *
     * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-exit">d3.selection.exit()</a></code>
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelUpdateSelection#exit
     */
    var exit = update.exit;
    update.exit = function() { return exit(); };
    return update;
};

/**
 * Appends an element of the specified primitive type for each of the
 * Raphael elements in the selection. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: This method behaves similarly to the d3 version, except <strong>appended elements aren't children</strong>
 * of the selection's existing elements.  In Raphael, all elements are in a flat list, peer to eachother, a child of
 * the root containing element.
 *
 * @param {String} type
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} with each existing element replaced with a appended element of the specified type.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-append">d3.selection.append()</a>
 * @see d3_raphael_paperShapes for a list of supported primitive types
 *
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#append
 * @function
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.append = function(type) {
    var groups = [],
        group,
        nodeData;

    for(var j = 0; j < this.length; j++) {
        groups.push((group = []));

        for(var i = 0; i < this[j].length; i++) {
            if((nodeData = this[j][i])) {
                var newNode = this.root.create(type);

                if("__data__" in nodeData)
                    newNode.__data__ = nodeData.__data__;

                group.push(newNode);
            } else {
                group.push(null);
            }
        }
    }

    return d3_raphael_selection(groups, this.root);
}

/**
 * Manipulates the Raphael elements in this selection by changing the specified attribute to
 * the specified value.  <br/>
 * <br/>
 * Generally, it behaves similarly to the d3 version.  Like d3, the <code>value</code>
 * parameter can be a function to provide an attribute value specific to each elements of the selection.<br />
 * <br />
 * In addition to the attributes supported natively by Raphael, there are few additions:
 * <dl>
 *     <dt>d</dt><dd>is an alias for Raphael attribute <code>path</code>. (Intended for compatibility with existing d3 code)</dd>
 *     <dt>class</dt><dd>Sets the element's class name (like d3 does for the same attribute name)</dd>
 * </dl>
 *
 * @param {String} name Raphael attribute name
 * @param {value of function} value the value (or a function that returns the value) to change the attribute to
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @see <a href="http://raphaeljs.com/reference.html#Element.attr">Raphael.element.attr()</a>
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-attr">d3.selection.attr()</a>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#attr
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.attr = function(name, value) {
    var valueF = (typeof value === "function") ? value : function() { return value; };
    this.each(function() {
        var value = valueF.apply(this, arguments);

        switch(name) {
            case "class":
                this.addClass(value);
                break;
            default:
                this.attr(name, value);
        }

    });

    return this;
};

/**
 * Adds or removes the specified class name from the selections elements depending on the "truthness" of
 * value. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: Only adding class names is supported now, you cannot remove a class name currently with this method.
 *
 * @param {String} name class name
 * @param {truthy or function} add
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-classed">d3.selection.classed()</a>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#classed
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.classed = function(name, add) {
    var addF = d3_raphael_functify(add);

    this.each(function() {
        if(addF.apply(this, arguments))
            this.addClass(name);
        else
            this.removeClass(name);
    })

    return this;
}


/**
 * Changes the text of the selection's <code>text</code> elements. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: <strong>This version behaves differently than the native d3 version,</strong> which changes the text content of the
 * selection's DOM elements.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-_text">d3.selection.text()</a>
 *
 * @param value
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#text
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.text = function(value) {
    var valueF = d3_raphael_functify(value);

    this.each(function() {
        this.attr("text", valueF.apply(this, arguments));
    });

    return this;
};

var d3_raphael_supported_event_types = [
    'click', 'dblclick', 'mousedown', 'mousemove', 'mouseout', 'mouseover', 'mouseup',
    'touchcancel', 'touchend', 'touchmove', 'touchstart'
];

/**
 * Add or remove event listeners for interation. <strong>Note that since we're not using DOM
 * Elements, the capture param is not supported.</strong>
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-on">d3.selection.on()</a>
 *
 * @param value
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#on
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.on = function(type, handler, capture) {
    // capture doesn't make sense in Raphael's flat-hierarchy context
    if (capture) throw_raphael_not_supported();

    // because of the way we're binding, only support raphael-provided events
    if (!~d3_raphael_supported_event_types.indexOf(type)) {
        throw_raphael_not_supported();
    }

    // parse the type specifier
    var name = '__d34r_on' + type, i = type.indexOf('.');
    if (i > 0) type = type.substring(0, i);

    // if called with only one argument, return the current listener
    if (arguments.length < 2) return (i = this.node[name]) && i._;

    return this.each(function(d, i) {
        var raphaelElement = this,
            o = raphaelElement[name];

        // remove the old handler, if any (using the previously-set capture)
        if (o) {
            raphaelElement['un' + type](o);
            delete raphaelElement[name];
        }

        // add the new handler, if any
        if (handler) {
            // wrapped handler that preserves i
            var wrappedHandler = function (event) {
                var o = d3.event; // Events can be reentrant (e.g., focus).
                d3.event = event;
                try {
                    handler.call(raphaelElement, raphaelElement.__data__, i);
                } finally {
                    d3.event = o;
                }
            };

            raphaelElement[type](wrappedHandler);
            wrappedHandler._ = handler; // stash the unwrapped handler for get
            raphaelElement[name] = wrappedHandler;
        }
    });
};

/**
 * Performs a selection testing _all_ the elements in the Raphael paper that match the specified type, returning a new selection
 * with only the first element found (if any). <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: <strong>This method behaves differently than the native d3 version.</strong>  Since the Raphael paper
 * is inherently a flat list of elements, there is no concept of a selection that is scoped by it's parent element
 * (like in d3).  Thus, every call to <code>select</code> searches on all elements in the paper, regardless of the
 * existing content of the selection. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: Currently, the selector string supports only element type and class names.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-d3_select">d3.select()</a>
 * @see d3_raphael_paperShapes for a list of supported primitive types
 *
 * @param {String} type Raphael primitive type name
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} the new selection.
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#select
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.select = function(s) {
    return this.root.select(s);
};

/**
 * Performs a selection testing _all_ the elements in the Raphael paper that match the specified type, returning a new selection
 * with the found elements (if any).<br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: <strong>This method behaves differently than the native d3 version.</strong>  Since the Raphael paper
 * is inherently a flat list of elements, there is no concept of a selection that is scoped by it's parent element
 * (like in d3).  Thus, every call to <code>select</code> searches on all elements in the paper, regardless of the
 * existing content of the selection. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: Currently, the selector string supports only element type and class names.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-d3_selectAll">d3.selectAll()</a>
 * @see d3_raphael_paperShapes for a list of supported primitive types
 *
 * @param {String} type Raphael primitive type name
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} the new selection.
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#selectAll
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.selectAll = function(s) {
    return this.root.selectAll(s);
};


/**
 * Iterate over the elements of the selection, executing the specified function. <br />
 * <br />
 * NOTE: This method iterates over the Raphael created wrapper element (which internally contains the native DOM element,
 * either SVG or VML via <code>element.node</code>.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-each">d3.selection.each()</a>
 * @see <a href="http://raphaeljs.com/reference.html#Element">Raphael.Element</a>
 *
 * @param {function} callback <code>function(datum, index) { // this is the Raphael element }</code>
 *
 *  @function
 *  @name D3RaphaelSelection#each
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.each = d3_selectionPrototype.each;

/**
 * Returns true if the current selection is empty.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-empty">d3.selection.empty()</a>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#empty
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.empty = d3_selectionPrototype.empty;

/**
 * Returns the first non-null element in the current selection. If the selection is empty, returns null.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-node">d3.selection.node()</a>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#node
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.node = d3_selectionPrototype.node;

/**
 * Sets arbitrary properties on the selections Raphael elements.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-property">d3.selection.property()</a>
 * @see <a href="http://raphaeljs.com/reference.html#Element">Raphael.Element</a>
 *
 * @param {String} name property name
 * @param value property value
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#property
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.property = d3_selectionPrototype.property;

/**
 * Invokes the specified function once, passing in the current selection along with any optional arguments. The call operator always returns the current selection, regardless of the return value of the specified function.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-call">d3.selection.call()</a>
 *
 * @param {function} func
 * @param {*} arguments optional arguments to pass to the function
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#call
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.call = d3_selectionPrototype.call;


/**
 * Gets or sets the bound data for each selection element.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-datum">d3.selection.datum()</a>
 *
 * @param {Array} value
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#datum
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.datum = d3_selectionPrototype.datum;

/**
 * Removes each instance of the selection element.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-remove">d3.selection.remove()</a>
 *
 * @param {Array} value
 * @return {D3RaphaelSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#remove
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.remove = function() {
    return this.each(function() { this.remove(); });
};

/**
 * Starts a transition selection.
 *
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} transition selection
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelSelection#transition
 */
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.transition = function() {
    // minor hack to sub out the dependency we want to inject.
    var old_d3_transitionPrototype = d3_transitionPrototype;
    d3_transitionPrototype = d3_raphael_transitionPrototype;
    var transition = d3_selectionPrototype.transition.call(this);
    d3_transitionPrototype = old_d3_transitionPrototype;

    return transition;
};

d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.style = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.html = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.insert = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.filter = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.sort = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.order = throw_raphael_not_supported;

function d3_raphael_enterSelection(groups, d3_raphael_root) {
    d3_arraySubclass(groups, d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype);
    groups.root = d3_raphael_root;

    return groups;
}

var d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype = [];

/**
 * See {@link D3RaphaelSelection#append}
 *
 * @param {string} type
 * @return {D3RaphaelEnterSelection} this
 *
 * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-append">d3.selection.append()</a></code>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelEnterSelection#append
 */
d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype.append = function(type) {
    if(d3_raphael_paperShapes.indexOf(type) < 0)
        throw TypeError("Type Not Supported");

    var groups = [],
        group,
        upgroup, // tricky!
        nodeData;

    for(var j = 0; j < this.length; j++) {
        groups.push((group = []));
        upgroup = this[j].update; // upgroup is the enter selection's corresponding update selection

        for(var i = 0; i < this[j].length; i++) {
            if((nodeData = this[j][i])) {
                var newNode = this.root[type]();

                if("__data__" in nodeData)
                    newNode.__data__ = nodeData.__data__;

                group.push(newNode);
                upgroup[i] = newNode; // adds the new node to the update selection
            } else {
                group.push(null);
            }
        }
    }

    return d3_raphael_selection(groups, this.root);
};

/**
 * See {@link D3RaphaelSelection#empty}
 *
 * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-empty">d3.selection.empty()</a></code>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelEnterSelection#empty
 */
d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype.empty = d3_selectionPrototype.empty;

/**
 * See {@link D3RaphaelSelection#node}
 *
 * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-node">d3.selection.node()</a></code>
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelEnterSelection#node
 */
d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype.node = d3_selectionPrototype.node;

d3_raphael_enterSelectionPrototype.insert = throw_raphael_not_supported;



var d3_raphael_transitionPrototype = [];

/**
 * Specifies an attribute to be animated.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-attr">d3.selection.attr()</a>
 * @param {String} name property name
 * @param value property value
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#attr
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.attr = d3_transitionPrototype.attr;

d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.attrTween = function(name, tween) {
    function attrTween(d, i) {
        var f = tween.call(this, d, i, this.attr(name));
        return f === d3_transitionRemove
            ? (this.attr(name, null), null)
            : f && function(t) { this.attr(name, f(t)); };
    }

    return this.tween('attr.' + name, attrTween);
};

/**
 * Specifies an amount of time to delay before transitioning.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Transition#wiki-delay">transition.delay()</a>
 * @param value delay in ms
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#delay
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.delay = d3_transitionPrototype.duration;

/**
 * Specifies a duration for the transition.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Transition#wiki-duration">transition.duration()</a>
 * @param value length in ms
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#duration
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.duration = d3_transitionPrototype.duration;

/**
 * Specifies a transition easing function.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Transition#wiki-ease">transition.ease()</a>
 * @param value string or function
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#ease
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.duration = d3_transitionPrototype.duration;

/**
 * Sets the text content when the transition begins.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Selections#wiki-text">d3.selection.text()</a>
 * @param value property value
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#text
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.text = d3_raphael_selectionPrototype.text;

/**
 * Removes elements after transitions are completed.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Transition#wiki-remove">transition.remove()</a>
 * @return {D3RaphaelTransitionSelection} this
 *
 * @function
 * @name D3RaphaelTransitionSelection#remove
 */
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.remove = d3_transitionPrototype.remove;

d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.style = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.styleTween = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.select = throw_raphael_not_supported;
d3_raphael_transitionPrototype.selectAll = throw_raphael_not_supported;

// Prefer Sizzle, if available
if (typeof Sizzle === "function") {

    // lookup to translate dom nodes to raphael objs
    var d3_raphael_obj_from_dom = function(domElems, d3_paper) {
        // don't do a paper.getById for every elem because that's n^2.
        // traverse the linked list ourselves. still m+n, but oh well.

        var elemCount = domElems.length;

        // but first build an index of ids we're looking for
        var domElemIndex = {};
        for (var i = -1; ++i < elemCount;) {
            var domElem = domElems[i];
            domElemIndex[domElem.raphaelid] = true;
        }

        var raphaelElems = [];
        var bot = d3_paper.paper.bottom;
        while (bot && (raphaelElems.length < elemCount)) {
            if (domElemIndex[bot.id]) {
                raphaelElems.push(bot);
            }
            bot = bot.next;
        }
        return raphaelElems;
    };

    // override root functions
    D3RaphaelRoot.prototype.select = function(s) {
        return d3_raphael_selection([d3_raphael_obj_from_dom(Sizzle(s, this.paper.canvas)[0], this)], this);
    };
    D3RaphaelRoot.prototype.selectAll = function(s) {
        return d3_raphael_selection([d3_raphael_obj_from_dom(Sizzle.uniqueSort(Sizzle(s, this.paper.canvas)), this)], this);
    };

}

/**
 * Constructs a Raphael axis renderer function.
 *
 * @return {D3RaphaelAxis}
 *
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/SVG-Axes">d3.svg.axis</a>
 */
d3.raphael.axis = function() {
    var scale = d3.scale.linear(),
        orient = "bottom",
        tickMajorSize = 6,
        tickMinorSize = 6,
        tickEndSize = 6,
        tickPadding = 3,
        tickArguments_ = [10],
        tickValues = null,
        tickFormat_,
        tickSubdivide = 0;

    // todo: work-around because we don't have groups
    var top = 0,
        left = 0;

    // todo: work-around because we don't have stylesheet
    var classPrefix = "";

    // todo: figure out if we can refactor to reuse code

    function axis(selection) {

        selection.each(function() {
            var g = selection.root.select("");

            // Ticks, or domain values for ordinal scales.
            var ticks = tickValues == null ? (scale.ticks ? scale.ticks.apply(scale, tickArguments_) : scale.domain()) : tickValues,
                tickFormat = tickFormat_ == null ? (scale.tickFormat ? scale.tickFormat.apply(scale, tickArguments_) : String) : tickFormat_;

            // Major ticks.
            var tick = g.selectAll("g").data(ticks, String),
                tickEnter = tick.enter().append("path")
                    .classed(classPrefix + "path", true)
//                tickEnter = tick.enter().insert("g", "path").style("opacity", 1e-6),
//                tickExit = d3.transition(tick.exit()).style("opacity", 1e-6).remove(),
//                tickUpdate = d3.transition(tick).style("opacity", 1),
//                tickTransform;

            var text = tick.append("text")
                .attr("text", tickFormat );

            // Domain.
            var range = d3_scaleRange(scale),
                path = g.selectAll(".domain").data([0]),
                pathEnter = path.enter().append("path")
                    .classed(classPrefix + "pathdomain", true)
//                pathEnter = path.enter().append("path").attr("class", "domain")
//                pathUpdate = d3.transition(path);

            // Stash a snapshot of the new scale, and retrieve the old snapshot.
            var scale1 = scale.copy(),
                scale0 = this.__chart__ || scale1;
            this.__chart__ = scale1;

            switch (orient) {
                case "top": {
                    tick.attr("path", function(d) { return d3_raphael_pathArrayToString([["M", [left + scale1(d), top]],["l", [0, -tickMajorSize]]]); });
                    text.attr("x", function(d) { return scale1(d) + left + (scale1.rangeBand? scale1.rangeBand() / 2.0 : 0); })
                        .attr("y", top- 7 ) // todo add dy support to raphael
                        .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
//                    path.attr("path", "M" + (-tickEndSize + left) + "," + (range[0] + top) + "h" + tickEndSize + "v" + (range[1] + top) + "h" + -tickEndSize)
                    path.attr("path", "M" + (range[0] + left) + "," + (-tickEndSize + top) + "v" + tickEndSize + "H" + (range[1] + left) + "v" + -tickEndSize)

                    break;
                }

                case "bottom": {
                    tick.attr("path", function(d) { return d3_raphael_pathArrayToString([["M", [left + scale1(d), top]],["l", [0, tickMajorSize]]]); });
                    text.attr("x", function(d) { return scale1(d) + left + (scale1.rangeBand? scale1.rangeBand() / 2.0 : 0); })
                        .attr("y", top + tickMajorSize + 7 ) // todo add dy support to raphael
                        .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
//                    path.attr("path", "M" + (-tickEndSize + left) + "," + (range[0] + top) + "h" + tickEndSize + "v" + (range[1] + top) + "h" + -tickEndSize)
                    path.attr("path", "M" + (range[0] + left) + "," + (tickEndSize + top) + "v" + -tickEndSize + "H" + (range[1] + left) + "v" + tickEndSize)

                    break;
                }


                case "left": {
                    tick.attr("path", function(d) { return d3_raphael_pathArrayToString([["M", [left, scale1(d) + top]],["l", [-tickMajorSize,0]]]); });
                    path.attr("path", "M" + (-tickEndSize + left) + "," + (range[0] + top) + "h" + tickEndSize + "V" + (range[1] + top) + "h" + -tickEndSize)
                    text.attr("x", left - 5)
                        .attr("y", function(d) { return scale1(d) + top + (scale1.rangeBand? scale1.rangeBand() / 2.0 : 0); })
                        .attr("text-anchor", "end")

                    break;
                }

                default: {
                    throw "Unsupported " + orient;
                }
            }

//            // For quantitative scales:
//            // - enter new ticks from the old scale
//            // - exit old ticks to the new scale
//            if (scale.ticks) {
//                tickEnter.call(tickTransform, scale0);
//                tickUpdate.call(tickTransform, scale1);
//                tickExit.call(tickTransform, scale1);
//                subtickEnter.call(tickTransform, scale0);
//                subtickUpdate.call(tickTransform, scale1);
//                subtickExit.call(tickTransform, scale1);
//            }
//
//            // For ordinal scales:
//            // - any entering ticks are undefined in the old scale
//            // - any exiting ticks are undefined in the new scale
//            // Therefore, we only need to transition updating ticks.
//            else {
//                var dx = scale1.rangeBand() / 2, x = function(d) { return scale1(d) + dx; };
//                tickEnter.call(tickTransform, x);
//                tickUpdate.call(tickTransform, x);
//            }




//            tick.attr("path", function(d) { return d3_raphael_pathArrayToString(
//                [["M", [left, scale(d) + top]],["l", [-6,0]]]
//            ); });
//
//            tick.append("text")
//                .attr("x", left - 2)
//                .attr("y", function(d) { return scale(d) + top + scale.rangeBand() / 2; })
//                .attr("text-anchor", "end")
//                .attr("text", function(d) { return d;} )
//
//            var range = d3_scaleRange(scale);
//            console.log(range);
//            g.select("rect")
//                .append("path")
//                .attr("path", d3_raphael_pathArrayToString([["M", [left, range[0] + top]],["L",[left, range[1] + top]]]))
        })
    }

    /**
     * Get or set the associated scale. If scale is specified, sets the scale and returns the axis. If scale is not specified, returns the current scale which defaults to a linear scale.
     *
     * @param {d3.Scale} x scale
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/SVG-Axes#wiki-axis_scale">d3.svg.axis().scale()</a></code>
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#scale
     */
    axis.scale = function(x) {
        if (!arguments.length) return scale;
        scale = x;
        return axis;
    };

    /**
     * Get or set the axis orientation. If orientation is not specified, returns the current orientation, which defaults to "bottom".
     *
     * @param {String} x orientation, one of top, bottom, or left.  NOTE: right currently unsupported.  top/bottom for horizontal axis, and left for vertical.
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/SVG-Axes#wiki-axis_orient">d3.svg.axis().orient()</a></code>
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#orient
     */
    axis.orient = function(x) {
        if (!arguments.length) return orient;
        orient = x;
        return axis;
    };

    /**
     * TODO document
     *
     * @return {*}
     */
    axis.ticks = function() {
        if (!arguments.length) return tickArguments_;
        tickArguments_ = arguments;
        return axis;
    };
    
    /**
     * Get or set the format for axis tick values. 
     * 
     * @param {String} x the format to use.
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     */
    axis.tickFormat = function(x) {
        if (!arguments.length) return tickFormat_;
        tickFormat_ = x;
        return axis;
    };

    /**
     * Get or set the size of major, minor and end ticks.
     *
     * @param {Number} x major tick size
     * @param {Number} y minor tick size (optional)
     * @param {Number} z end tick size (optional)
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @see <code><a href="https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/SVG-Axes#wiki-axis_tickSize">d3.svg.axis().tickSize()</a></code>
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#tickSize
     */
    axis.tickSize = function(x, y, z) {
        if (!arguments.length) return tickMajorSize;
        var n = arguments.length - 1;
        tickMajorSize = +x;
        tickMinorSize = n > 1 ? +y : tickMajorSize;
        tickEndSize = n > 0 ? +arguments[n] : tickMajorSize;
        return axis;
    };
    
    /**
     * Get or set the preset tick values. 
     * 
     * @param {Number[]} The tick values to use.
     * 
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     */
    axis.tickValues = function(x){
        if (!arguments.length) return tickValues;
        tickValues = x;
        return axis;
    }

    /**
     * Get or set the top offset for axis rendering.  This is a work-around for the fact Raphael doesn't have a group element.
     *
     * @param {Number} val top offset, in pixels
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#top
     */
    axis.top = function(val) {
        if(typeof val === "undefined")
            return top;
        else
            top = val;

        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Get or set the left offset for the axis rendering.  This is a work-around for the fact Raphael doesn't have a group element.
     *
     * @param {Number} val left offset, in pixels
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#left
     */
    axis.left = function(val) {
        if(typeof val === "undefined")
            return left;
        else
            left = val;

        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Get or set the class name prefix appended to the class names used to differentiate parts of the rendered axis.<br />
     * <br />
     * Class name suffixes used internally are:
     * <dl>
     *     <dt>path</dt>
     *     <dd>axis ticks</dd>
     *     <dt>pathdomain</dt>
     *     <dd>axis domain line (and end-ticks)</dd>
     * </dl>
     *
     * So, for example, if you specified a class name prefix <code>xaxis_</code>, you would want to specify CSS selectors, <code>.xaxis_path</code> and <code>.xaxis_pathdomain</code>
     *
     * @param {String} val
     * @return {D3RaphaelAxis} this
     *
     * @function
     * @name D3RaphaelAxis#classPrefix
     */
    axis.classPrefix = function(val) {
        if(typeof val === "undefined")
            return classPrefix;
        else
            classPrefix = val;

        return this;
    }

    return axis;
};d3.behavior = {};
// TODO Track touch points by identifier.

d3.behavior.drag = function() {
  var event = d3_eventDispatch(drag, "drag", "dragstart", "dragend"),
      origin = null;

  function drag() {
    this.on("mousedown.drag", mousedown)
        .on("touchstart.drag", mousedown);
  }

  function mousedown() {
    var target = this,
        event_ = event.of(target, arguments),
        eventTarget = d3.event.target,
        offset,
        origin_ = point(),
        moved = 0;

    var w = d3.select(window)
        .on("mousemove.drag", dragmove)
        .on("touchmove.drag", dragmove)
        .on("mouseup.drag", dragend, true)
        .on("touchend.drag", dragend, true);

    if (origin) {
      offset = origin.apply(target, arguments);
      offset = [offset.x - origin_[0], offset.y - origin_[1]];
    } else {
      offset = [0, 0];
    }

    d3_eventCancel();
    event_({type: "dragstart"});

    function point() {
      var p = target.parentNode,
          t = d3.event.changedTouches;
      return t ? d3.touches(p, t)[0] : d3.mouse(p);
    }

    function dragmove() {
      if (!target.parentNode) return dragend(); // target removed from DOM

      var p = point(),
          dx = p[0] - origin_[0],
          dy = p[1] - origin_[1];

      moved |= dx | dy;
      origin_ = p;
      d3_eventCancel();

      event_({type: "drag", x: p[0] + offset[0], y: p[1] + offset[1], dx: dx, dy: dy});
    }

    function dragend() {
      event_({type: "dragend"});

      // if moved, prevent the mouseup (and possibly click) from propagating
      if (moved) {
        d3_eventCancel();
        if (d3.event.target === eventTarget) w.on("click.drag", click, true);
      }

      w .on("mousemove.drag", null)
        .on("touchmove.drag", null)
        .on("mouseup.drag", null)
        .on("touchend.drag", null);
    }

    // prevent the subsequent click from propagating (e.g., for anchors)
    function click() {
      d3_eventCancel();
      w.on("click.drag", null);
    }
  }

  drag.origin = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return origin;
    origin = x;
    return drag;
  };

  return d3.rebind(drag, event, "on");
};
d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
  var translate = [0, 0],
      translate0, // translate when we started zooming (to avoid drift)
      scale = 1,
      scale0, // scale when we started touching
      scaleExtent = d3_behavior_zoomInfinity,
      event = d3_eventDispatch(zoom, "zoom"),
      x0,
      x1,
      y0,
      y1,
      touchtime; // time of last touchstart (to detect double-tap)

  function zoom() {
    this
        .on("mousedown.zoom", mousedown)
        .on("mousewheel.zoom", mousewheel)
        .on("mousemove.zoom", mousemove)
        .on("DOMMouseScroll.zoom", mousewheel)
        .on("dblclick.zoom", dblclick)
        .on("touchstart.zoom", touchstart)
        .on("touchmove.zoom", touchmove)
        .on("touchend.zoom", touchstart);
  }

  zoom.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = x.map(Number);
    return zoom;
  };

  zoom.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return zoom;
  };

  zoom.scaleExtent = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scaleExtent;
    scaleExtent = x == null ? d3_behavior_zoomInfinity : x.map(Number);
    return zoom;
  };

  zoom.x = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x1;
    x1 = z;
    x0 = z.copy();
    return zoom;
  };

  zoom.y = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y1;
    y1 = z;
    y0 = z.copy();
    return zoom;
  };

  function location(p) {
    return [(p[0] - translate[0]) / scale, (p[1] - translate[1]) / scale];
  }

  function point(l) {
    return [l[0] * scale + translate[0], l[1] * scale + translate[1]];
  }

  function scaleTo(s) {
    scale = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], s));
  }

  function translateTo(p, l) {
    l = point(l);
    translate[0] += p[0] - l[0];
    translate[1] += p[1] - l[1];
  }

  function dispatch(event) {
    if (x1) x1.domain(x0.range().map(function(x) { return (x - translate[0]) / scale; }).map(x0.invert));
    if (y1) y1.domain(y0.range().map(function(y) { return (y - translate[1]) / scale; }).map(y0.invert));
    d3.event.preventDefault();
    event({type: "zoom", scale: scale, translate: translate});
  }

  function mousedown() {
    var target = this,
        event_ = event.of(target, arguments),
        eventTarget = d3.event.target,
        moved = 0,
        w = d3.select(window).on("mousemove.zoom", mousemove).on("mouseup.zoom", mouseup),
        l = location(d3.mouse(target));

    window.focus();
    d3_eventCancel();

    function mousemove() {
      moved = 1;
      translateTo(d3.mouse(target), l);
      dispatch(event_);
    }

    function mouseup() {
      if (moved) d3_eventCancel();
      w.on("mousemove.zoom", null).on("mouseup.zoom", null);
      if (moved && d3.event.target === eventTarget) w.on("click.zoom", click, true);
    }

    function click() {
      d3_eventCancel();
      w.on("click.zoom", null);
    }
  }

  function mousewheel() {
    if (!translate0) translate0 = location(d3.mouse(this));
    scaleTo(Math.pow(2, d3_behavior_zoomDelta() * .002) * scale);
    translateTo(d3.mouse(this), translate0);
    dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
  }

  function mousemove() {
    translate0 = null;
  }

  function dblclick() {
    var p = d3.mouse(this), l = location(p);
    scaleTo(d3.event.shiftKey ? scale / 2 : scale * 2);
    translateTo(p, l);
    dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
  }

  function touchstart() {
    var touches = d3.touches(this),
        now = Date.now();

    scale0 = scale;
    translate0 = {};
    touches.forEach(function(t) { translate0[t.identifier] = location(t); });
    d3_eventCancel();

    if ((touches.length === 1) && (now - touchtime < 500)) { // dbltap
      var p = touches[0], l = location(touches[0]);
      scaleTo(scale * 2);
      translateTo(p, l);
      dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
    }
    touchtime = now;
  }

  function touchmove() {
    var touches = d3.touches(this),
        p0 = touches[0],
        l0 = translate0[p0.identifier];
    if (p1 = touches[1]) {
      var p1, l1 = translate0[p1.identifier];
      p0 = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
      l0 = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
      scaleTo(d3.event.scale * scale0);
    }
    translateTo(p0, l0);
    dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
  }

  return d3.rebind(zoom, event, "on");
};

var d3_behavior_zoomDiv, // for interpreting mousewheel events
    d3_behavior_zoomInfinity = [0, Infinity]; // default scale extent

function d3_behavior_zoomDelta() {

  // mousewheel events are totally broken!
  // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=40441
  // not only that, but Chrome and Safari differ in re. to acceleration!
  if (!d3_behavior_zoomDiv) {
    d3_behavior_zoomDiv = d3.select("body").append("div")
        .style("visibility", "hidden")
        .style("top", 0)
        .style("height", 0)
        .style("width", 0)
        .style("overflow-y", "scroll")
      .append("div")
        .style("height", "2000px")
      .node().parentNode;
  }

  var e = d3.event, delta;
  try {
    d3_behavior_zoomDiv.scrollTop = 1000;
    d3_behavior_zoomDiv.dispatchEvent(e);
    delta = 1000 - d3_behavior_zoomDiv.scrollTop;
  } catch (error) {
    delta = e.wheelDelta || (-e.detail * 5);
  }

  return delta;
}
d3.layout = {};
// Implements hierarchical edge bundling using Holten's algorithm. For each
// input link, a path is computed that travels through the tree, up the parent
// hierarchy to the least common ancestor, and then back down to the destination
// node. Each path is simply an array of nodes.
d3.layout.bundle = function() {
  return function(links) {
    var paths = [],
        i = -1,
        n = links.length;
    while (++i < n) paths.push(d3_layout_bundlePath(links[i]));
    return paths;
  };
};

function d3_layout_bundlePath(link) {
  var start = link.source,
      end = link.target,
      lca = d3_layout_bundleLeastCommonAncestor(start, end),
      points = [start];
  while (start !== lca) {
    start = start.parent;
    points.push(start);
  }
  var k = points.length;
  while (end !== lca) {
    points.splice(k, 0, end);
    end = end.parent;
  }
  return points;
}

function d3_layout_bundleAncestors(node) {
  var ancestors = [],
      parent = node.parent;
  while (parent != null) {
    ancestors.push(node);
    node = parent;
    parent = parent.parent;
  }
  ancestors.push(node);
  return ancestors;
}

function d3_layout_bundleLeastCommonAncestor(a, b) {
  if (a === b) return a;
  var aNodes = d3_layout_bundleAncestors(a),
      bNodes = d3_layout_bundleAncestors(b),
      aNode = aNodes.pop(),
      bNode = bNodes.pop(),
      sharedNode = null;
  while (aNode === bNode) {
    sharedNode = aNode;
    aNode = aNodes.pop();
    bNode = bNodes.pop();
  }
  return sharedNode;
}
d3.layout.chord = function() {
  var chord = {},
      chords,
      groups,
      matrix,
      n,
      padding = 0,
      sortGroups,
      sortSubgroups,
      sortChords;

  function relayout() {
    var subgroups = {},
        groupSums = [],
        groupIndex = d3.range(n),
        subgroupIndex = [],
        k,
        x,
        x0,
        i,
        j;

    chords = [];
    groups = [];

    // Compute the sum.
    k = 0, i = -1; while (++i < n) {
      x = 0, j = -1; while (++j < n) {
        x += matrix[i][j];
      }
      groupSums.push(x);
      subgroupIndex.push(d3.range(n));
      k += x;
    }

    // Sort groups…
    if (sortGroups) {
      groupIndex.sort(function(a, b) {
        return sortGroups(groupSums[a], groupSums[b]);
      });
    }

    // Sort subgroups…
    if (sortSubgroups) {
      subgroupIndex.forEach(function(d, i) {
        d.sort(function(a, b) {
          return sortSubgroups(matrix[i][a], matrix[i][b]);
        });
      });
    }

    // Convert the sum to scaling factor for [0, 2pi].
    // TODO Allow start and end angle to be specified.
    // TODO Allow padding to be specified as percentage?
    k = (2 * Math.PI - padding * n) / k;

    // Compute the start and end angle for each group and subgroup.
    // Note: Opera has a bug reordering object literal properties!
    x = 0, i = -1; while (++i < n) {
      x0 = x, j = -1; while (++j < n) {
        var di = groupIndex[i],
            dj = subgroupIndex[di][j],
            v = matrix[di][dj],
            a0 = x,
            a1 = x += v * k;
        subgroups[di + "-" + dj] = {
          index: di,
          subindex: dj,
          startAngle: a0,
          endAngle: a1,
          value: v
        };
      }
      groups[di] = {
        index: di,
        startAngle: x0,
        endAngle: x,
        value: (x - x0) / k
      };
      x += padding;
    }

    // Generate chords for each (non-empty) subgroup-subgroup link.
    i = -1; while (++i < n) {
      j = i - 1; while (++j < n) {
        var source = subgroups[i + "-" + j],
            target = subgroups[j + "-" + i];
        if (source.value || target.value) {
          chords.push(source.value < target.value
              ? {source: target, target: source}
              : {source: source, target: target});
        }
      }
    }

    if (sortChords) resort();
  }

  function resort() {
    chords.sort(function(a, b) {
      return sortChords(
          (a.source.value + a.target.value) / 2,
          (b.source.value + b.target.value) / 2);
    });
  }

  chord.matrix = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return matrix;
    n = (matrix = x) && matrix.length;
    chords = groups = null;
    return chord;
  };

  chord.padding = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return padding;
    padding = x;
    chords = groups = null;
    return chord;
  };

  chord.sortGroups = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sortGroups;
    sortGroups = x;
    chords = groups = null;
    return chord;
  };

  chord.sortSubgroups = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sortSubgroups;
    sortSubgroups = x;
    chords = null;
    return chord;
  };

  chord.sortChords = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sortChords;
    sortChords = x;
    if (chords) resort();
    return chord;
  };

  chord.chords = function() {
    if (!chords) relayout();
    return chords;
  };

  chord.groups = function() {
    if (!groups) relayout();
    return groups;
  };

  return chord;
};
// A rudimentary force layout using Gauss-Seidel.
d3.layout.force = function() {
  var force = {},
      event = d3.dispatch("start", "tick", "end"),
      size = [1, 1],
      drag,
      alpha,
      friction = .9,
      linkDistance = d3_layout_forceLinkDistance,
      linkStrength = d3_layout_forceLinkStrength,
      charge = -30,
      gravity = .1,
      theta = .8,
      interval,
      nodes = [],
      links = [],
      distances,
      strengths,
      charges;

  function repulse(node) {
    return function(quad, x1, y1, x2, y2) {
      if (quad.point !== node) {
        var dx = quad.cx - node.x,
            dy = quad.cy - node.y,
            dn = 1 / Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);

        /* Barnes-Hut criterion. */
        if ((x2 - x1) * dn < theta) {
          var k = quad.charge * dn * dn;
          node.px -= dx * k;
          node.py -= dy * k;
          return true;
        }

        if (quad.point && isFinite(dn)) {
          var k = quad.pointCharge * dn * dn;
          node.px -= dx * k;
          node.py -= dy * k;
        }
      }
      return !quad.charge;
    };
  }

  force.tick = function() {
    // simulated annealing, basically
    if ((alpha *= .99) < .005) {
      event.end({type: "end", alpha: alpha = 0});
      return true;
    }

    var n = nodes.length,
        m = links.length,
        q,
        i, // current index
        o, // current object
        s, // current source
        t, // current target
        l, // current distance
        k, // current force
        x, // x-distance
        y; // y-distance

    // gauss-seidel relaxation for links
    for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
      o = links[i];
      s = o.source;
      t = o.target;
      x = t.x - s.x;
      y = t.y - s.y;
      if (l = (x * x + y * y)) {
        l = alpha * strengths[i] * ((l = Math.sqrt(l)) - distances[i]) / l;
        x *= l;
        y *= l;
        t.x -= x * (k = s.weight / (t.weight + s.weight));
        t.y -= y * k;
        s.x += x * (k = 1 - k);
        s.y += y * k;
      }
    }

    // apply gravity forces
    if (k = alpha * gravity) {
      x = size[0] / 2;
      y = size[1] / 2;
      i = -1; if (k) while (++i < n) {
        o = nodes[i];
        o.x += (x - o.x) * k;
        o.y += (y - o.y) * k;
      }
    }

    // compute quadtree center of mass and apply charge forces
    if (charge) {
      d3_layout_forceAccumulate(q = d3.geom.quadtree(nodes), alpha, charges);
      i = -1; while (++i < n) {
        if (!(o = nodes[i]).fixed) {
          q.visit(repulse(o));
        }
      }
    }

    // position verlet integration
    i = -1; while (++i < n) {
      o = nodes[i];
      if (o.fixed) {
        o.x = o.px;
        o.y = o.py;
      } else {
        o.x -= (o.px - (o.px = o.x)) * friction;
        o.y -= (o.py - (o.py = o.y)) * friction;
      }
    }

    event.tick({type: "tick", alpha: alpha});
  };

  force.nodes = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return nodes;
    nodes = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.links = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return links;
    links = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.linkDistance = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return linkDistance;
    linkDistance = d3_functor(x);
    return force;
  };

  // For backwards-compatibility.
  force.distance = force.linkDistance;

  force.linkStrength = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return linkStrength;
    linkStrength = d3_functor(x);
    return force;
  };

  force.friction = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return friction;
    friction = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.charge = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return charge;
    charge = typeof x === "function" ? x : +x;
    return force;
  };

  force.gravity = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return gravity;
    gravity = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.theta = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return theta;
    theta = x;
    return force;
  };

  force.alpha = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return alpha;

    if (alpha) { // if we're already running
      if (x > 0) alpha = x; // we might keep it hot
      else alpha = 0; // or, next tick will dispatch "end"
    } else if (x > 0) { // otherwise, fire it up!
      event.start({type: "start", alpha: alpha = x});
      d3.timer(force.tick);
    }

    return force;
  };

  force.start = function() {
    var i,
        j,
        n = nodes.length,
        m = links.length,
        w = size[0],
        h = size[1],
        neighbors,
        o;

    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      (o = nodes[i]).index = i;
      o.weight = 0;
    }

    distances = [];
    strengths = [];
    for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
      o = links[i];
      if (typeof o.source == "number") o.source = nodes[o.source];
      if (typeof o.target == "number") o.target = nodes[o.target];
      distances[i] = linkDistance.call(this, o, i);
      strengths[i] = linkStrength.call(this, o, i);
      ++o.source.weight;
      ++o.target.weight;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      o = nodes[i];
      if (isNaN(o.x)) o.x = position("x", w);
      if (isNaN(o.y)) o.y = position("y", h);
      if (isNaN(o.px)) o.px = o.x;
      if (isNaN(o.py)) o.py = o.y;
    }

    charges = [];
    if (typeof charge === "function") {
      for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        charges[i] = +charge.call(this, nodes[i], i);
      }
    } else {
      for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        charges[i] = charge;
      }
    }

    // initialize node position based on first neighbor
    function position(dimension, size) {
      var neighbors = neighbor(i),
          j = -1,
          m = neighbors.length,
          x;
      while (++j < m) if (!isNaN(x = neighbors[j][dimension])) return x;
      return Math.random() * size;
    }

    // initialize neighbors lazily
    function neighbor() {
      if (!neighbors) {
        neighbors = [];
        for (j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
          neighbors[j] = [];
        }
        for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
          var o = links[j];
          neighbors[o.source.index].push(o.target);
          neighbors[o.target.index].push(o.source);
        }
      }
      return neighbors[i];
    }

    return force.resume();
  };

  force.resume = function() {
    return force.alpha(.1);
  };

  force.stop = function() {
    return force.alpha(0);
  };

  // use `node.call(force.drag)` to make nodes draggable
  force.drag = function() {
    if (!drag) drag = d3.behavior.drag()
        .origin(d3_identity)
        .on("dragstart", dragstart)
        .on("drag", d3_layout_forceDrag)
        .on("dragend", d3_layout_forceDragEnd);

    this.on("mouseover.force", d3_layout_forceDragOver)
        .on("mouseout.force", d3_layout_forceDragOut)
        .call(drag);
  };

  function dragstart(d) {
    d3_layout_forceDragOver(d3_layout_forceDragNode = d);
    d3_layout_forceDragForce = force;
  }

  return d3.rebind(force, event, "on");
};

var d3_layout_forceDragForce,
    d3_layout_forceDragNode;

function d3_layout_forceDragOver(d) {
  d.fixed |= 2;
}

function d3_layout_forceDragOut(d) {
  if (d !== d3_layout_forceDragNode) d.fixed &= 1;
}

function d3_layout_forceDragEnd() {
  d3_layout_forceDragNode.fixed &= 1;
  d3_layout_forceDragForce = d3_layout_forceDragNode = null;
}

function d3_layout_forceDrag() {
  d3_layout_forceDragNode.px = d3.event.x;
  d3_layout_forceDragNode.py = d3.event.y;
  d3_layout_forceDragForce.resume(); // restart annealing
}

function d3_layout_forceAccumulate(quad, alpha, charges) {
  var cx = 0,
      cy = 0;
  quad.charge = 0;
  if (!quad.leaf) {
    var nodes = quad.nodes,
        n = nodes.length,
        i = -1,
        c;
    while (++i < n) {
      c = nodes[i];
      if (c == null) continue;
      d3_layout_forceAccumulate(c, alpha, charges);
      quad.charge += c.charge;
      cx += c.charge * c.cx;
      cy += c.charge * c.cy;
    }
  }
  if (quad.point) {
    // jitter internal nodes that are coincident
    if (!quad.leaf) {
      quad.point.x += Math.random() - .5;
      quad.point.y += Math.random() - .5;
    }
    var k = alpha * charges[quad.point.index];
    quad.charge += quad.pointCharge = k;
    cx += k * quad.point.x;
    cy += k * quad.point.y;
  }
  quad.cx = cx / quad.charge;
  quad.cy = cy / quad.charge;
}

function d3_layout_forceLinkDistance(link) {
  return 20;
}

function d3_layout_forceLinkStrength(link) {
  return 1;
}
d3.layout.partition = function() {
  var hierarchy = d3.layout.hierarchy(),
      size = [1, 1]; // width, height

  function position(node, x, dx, dy) {
    var children = node.children;
    node.x = x;
    node.y = node.depth * dy;
    node.dx = dx;
    node.dy = dy;
    if (children && (n = children.length)) {
      var i = -1,
          n,
          c,
          d;
      dx = node.value ? dx / node.value : 0;
      while (++i < n) {
        position(c = children[i], x, d = c.value * dx, dy);
        x += d;
      }
    }
  }

  function depth(node) {
    var children = node.children,
        d = 0;
    if (children && (n = children.length)) {
      var i = -1,
          n;
      while (++i < n) d = Math.max(d, depth(children[i]));
    }
    return 1 + d;
  }

  function partition(d, i) {
    var nodes = hierarchy.call(this, d, i);
    position(nodes[0], 0, size[0], size[1] / depth(nodes[0]));
    return nodes;
  }

  partition.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return partition;
  };

  return d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(partition, hierarchy);
};
d3.layout.pie = function() {
  var value = Number,
      sort = d3_layout_pieSortByValue,
      startAngle = 0,
      endAngle = 2 * Math.PI;

  function pie(data, i) {

    // Compute the numeric values for each data element.
    var values = data.map(function(d, i) { return +value.call(pie, d, i); });

    // Compute the start angle.
    var a = +(typeof startAngle === "function"
        ? startAngle.apply(this, arguments)
        : startAngle);

    // Compute the angular scale factor: from value to radians.
    var k = ((typeof endAngle === "function"
        ? endAngle.apply(this, arguments)
        : endAngle) - startAngle)
        / d3.sum(values);

    // Optionally sort the data.
    var index = d3.range(data.length);
    if (sort != null) index.sort(sort === d3_layout_pieSortByValue
        ? function(i, j) { return values[j] - values[i]; }
        : function(i, j) { return sort(data[i], data[j]); });

    // Compute the arcs!
    // They are stored in the original data's order.
    var arcs = [];
    index.forEach(function(i) {
      arcs[i] = {
        data: data[i],
        value: d = values[i],
        startAngle: a,
        endAngle: a += d * k
      };
    });
    return arcs;
  }

  /**
   * Specifies the value function *x*, which returns a nonnegative numeric value
   * for each datum. The default value function is `Number`. The value function
   * is passed two arguments: the current datum and the current index.
   */
  pie.value = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return value;
    value = x;
    return pie;
  };

  /**
   * Specifies a sort comparison operator *x*. The comparator is passed two data
   * elements from the data array, a and b; it returns a negative value if a is
   * less than b, a positive value if a is greater than b, and zero if a equals
   * b.
   */
  pie.sort = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sort;
    sort = x;
    return pie;
  };

  /**
   * Specifies the overall start angle of the pie chart. Defaults to 0. The
   * start angle can be specified either as a constant or as a function; in the
   * case of a function, it is evaluated once per array (as opposed to per
   * element).
   */
  pie.startAngle = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return startAngle;
    startAngle = x;
    return pie;
  };

  /**
   * Specifies the overall end angle of the pie chart. Defaults to 2π. The
   * end angle can be specified either as a constant or as a function; in the
   * case of a function, it is evaluated once per array (as opposed to per
   * element).
   */
  pie.endAngle = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return endAngle;
    endAngle = x;
    return pie;
  };

  return pie;
};

var d3_layout_pieSortByValue = {};
// data is two-dimensional array of x,y; we populate y0
d3.layout.stack = function() {
  var values = d3_identity,
      order = d3_layout_stackOrderDefault,
      offset = d3_layout_stackOffsetZero,
      out = d3_layout_stackOut,
      x = d3_layout_stackX,
      y = d3_layout_stackY;

  function stack(data, index) {

    // Convert series to canonical two-dimensional representation.
    var series = data.map(function(d, i) {
      return values.call(stack, d, i);
    });

    // Convert each series to canonical [[x,y]] representation.
    var points = series.map(function(d, i) {
      return d.map(function(v, i) {
        return [x.call(stack, v, i), y.call(stack, v, i)];
      });
    });

    // Compute the order of series, and permute them.
    var orders = order.call(stack, points, index);
    series = d3.permute(series, orders);
    points = d3.permute(points, orders);

    // Compute the baseline…
    var offsets = offset.call(stack, points, index);

    // And propagate it to other series.
    var n = series.length,
        m = series[0].length,
        i,
        j,
        o;
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
      out.call(stack, series[0][j], o = offsets[j], points[0][j][1]);
      for (i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
        out.call(stack, series[i][j], o += points[i - 1][j][1], points[i][j][1]);
      }
    }

    return data;
  }

  stack.values = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return values;
    values = x;
    return stack;
  };

  stack.order = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return order;
    order = typeof x === "function" ? x : d3_layout_stackOrders.get(x) || d3_layout_stackOrderDefault;
    return stack;
  };

  stack.offset = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return offset;
    offset = typeof x === "function" ? x : d3_layout_stackOffsets.get(x) || d3_layout_stackOffsetZero;
    return stack;
  };

  stack.x = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return x;
    x = z;
    return stack;
  };

  stack.y = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y;
    y = z;
    return stack;
  };

  stack.out = function(z) {
    if (!arguments.length) return out;
    out = z;
    return stack;
  };

  return stack;
}

function d3_layout_stackX(d) {
  return d.x;
}

function d3_layout_stackY(d) {
  return d.y;
}

function d3_layout_stackOut(d, y0, y) {
  d.y0 = y0;
  d.y = y;
}

var d3_layout_stackOrders = d3.map({

  "inside-out": function(data) {
    var n = data.length,
        i,
        j,
        max = data.map(d3_layout_stackMaxIndex),
        sums = data.map(d3_layout_stackReduceSum),
        index = d3.range(n).sort(function(a, b) { return max[a] - max[b]; }),
        top = 0,
        bottom = 0,
        tops = [],
        bottoms = [];
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      j = index[i];
      if (top < bottom) {
        top += sums[j];
        tops.push(j);
      } else {
        bottom += sums[j];
        bottoms.push(j);
      }
    }
    return bottoms.reverse().concat(tops);
  },

  "reverse": function(data) {
    return d3.range(data.length).reverse();
  },

  "default": d3_layout_stackOrderDefault

});

var d3_layout_stackOffsets = d3.map({

  "silhouette": function(data) {
    var n = data.length,
        m = data[0].length,
        sums = [],
        max = 0,
        i,
        j,
        o,
        y0 = [];
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
      for (i = 0, o = 0; i < n; i++) o += data[i][j][1];
      if (o > max) max = o;
      sums.push(o);
    }
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
      y0[j] = (max - sums[j]) / 2;
    }
    return y0;
  },

  "wiggle": function(data) {
    var n = data.length,
        x = data[0],
        m = x.length,
        max = 0,
        i,
        j,
        k,
        s1,
        s2,
        s3,
        dx,
        o,
        o0,
        y0 = [];
    y0[0] = o = o0 = 0;
    for (j = 1; j < m; ++j) {
      for (i = 0, s1 = 0; i < n; ++i) s1 += data[i][j][1];
      for (i = 0, s2 = 0, dx = x[j][0] - x[j - 1][0]; i < n; ++i) {
        for (k = 0, s3 = (data[i][j][1] - data[i][j - 1][1]) / (2 * dx); k < i; ++k) {
          s3 += (data[k][j][1] - data[k][j - 1][1]) / dx;
        }
        s2 += s3 * data[i][j][1];
      }
      y0[j] = o -= s1 ? s2 / s1 * dx : 0;
      if (o < o0) o0 = o;
    }
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) y0[j] -= o0;
    return y0;
  },

  "expand": function(data) {
    var n = data.length,
        m = data[0].length,
        k = 1 / n,
        i,
        j,
        o,
        y0 = [];
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
      for (i = 0, o = 0; i < n; i++) o += data[i][j][1];
      if (o) for (i = 0; i < n; i++) data[i][j][1] /= o;
      else for (i = 0; i < n; i++) data[i][j][1] = k;
    }
    for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) y0[j] = 0;
    return y0;
  },

  "zero": d3_layout_stackOffsetZero

});

function d3_layout_stackOrderDefault(data) {
  return d3.range(data.length);
}

function d3_layout_stackOffsetZero(data) {
  var j = -1,
      m = data[0].length,
      y0 = [];
  while (++j < m) y0[j] = 0;
  return y0;
}

function d3_layout_stackMaxIndex(array) {
  var i = 1,
      j = 0,
      v = array[0][1],
      k,
      n = array.length;
  for (; i < n; ++i) {
    if ((k = array[i][1]) > v) {
      j = i;
      v = k;
    }
  }
  return j;
}

function d3_layout_stackReduceSum(d) {
  return d.reduce(d3_layout_stackSum, 0);
}

function d3_layout_stackSum(p, d) {
  return p + d[1];
}
d3.layout.histogram = function() {
  var frequency = true,
      valuer = Number,
      ranger = d3_layout_histogramRange,
      binner = d3_layout_histogramBinSturges;

  function histogram(data, i) {
    var bins = [],
        values = data.map(valuer, this),
        range = ranger.call(this, values, i),
        thresholds = binner.call(this, range, values, i),
        bin,
        i = -1,
        n = values.length,
        m = thresholds.length - 1,
        k = frequency ? 1 : 1 / n,
        x;

    // Initialize the bins.
    while (++i < m) {
      bin = bins[i] = [];
      bin.dx = thresholds[i + 1] - (bin.x = thresholds[i]);
      bin.y = 0;
    }

    // Fill the bins, ignoring values outside the range.
    if (m > 0) {
      i = -1; while(++i < n) {
        x = values[i];
        if ((x >= range[0]) && (x <= range[1])) {
          bin = bins[d3.bisect(thresholds, x, 1, m) - 1];
          bin.y += k;
          bin.push(data[i]);
        }
      }
    }

    return bins;
  }

  // Specifies how to extract a value from the associated data. The default
  // value function is `Number`, which is equivalent to the identity function.
  histogram.value = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return valuer;
    valuer = x;
    return histogram;
  };

  // Specifies the range of the histogram. Values outside the specified range
  // will be ignored. The argument `x` may be specified either as a two-element
  // array representing the minimum and maximum value of the range, or as a
  // function that returns the range given the array of values and the current
  // index `i`. The default range is the extent (minimum and maximum) of the
  // values.
  histogram.range = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return ranger;
    ranger = d3_functor(x);
    return histogram;
  };

  // Specifies how to bin values in the histogram. The argument `x` may be
  // specified as a number, in which case the range of values will be split
  // uniformly into the given number of bins. Or, `x` may be an array of
  // threshold values, defining the bins; the specified array must contain the
  // rightmost (upper) value, thus specifying n + 1 values for n bins. Or, `x`
  // may be a function which is evaluated, being passed the range, the array of
  // values, and the current index `i`, returning an array of thresholds. The
  // default bin function will divide the values into uniform bins using
  // Sturges' formula.
  histogram.bins = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return binner;
    binner = typeof x === "number"
        ? function(range) { return d3_layout_histogramBinFixed(range, x); }
        : d3_functor(x);
    return histogram;
  };

  // Specifies whether the histogram's `y` value is a count (frequency) or a
  // probability (density). The default value is true.
  histogram.frequency = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return frequency;
    frequency = !!x;
    return histogram;
  };

  return histogram;
};

function d3_layout_histogramBinSturges(range, values) {
  return d3_layout_histogramBinFixed(range, Math.ceil(Math.log(values.length) / Math.LN2 + 1));
}

function d3_layout_histogramBinFixed(range, n) {
  var x = -1,
      b = +range[0],
      m = (range[1] - b) / n,
      f = [];
  while (++x <= n) f[x] = m * x + b;
  return f;
}

function d3_layout_histogramRange(values) {
  return [d3.min(values), d3.max(values)];
}
d3.layout.hierarchy = function() {
  var sort = d3_layout_hierarchySort,
      children = d3_layout_hierarchyChildren,
      value = d3_layout_hierarchyValue;

  // Recursively compute the node depth and value.
  // Also converts the data representation into a standard hierarchy structure.
  function recurse(data, depth, nodes) {
    var childs = children.call(hierarchy, data, depth),
        node = d3_layout_hierarchyInline ? data : {data: data};
    node.depth = depth;
    nodes.push(node);
    if (childs && (n = childs.length)) {
      var i = -1,
          n,
          c = node.children = [],
          v = 0,
          j = depth + 1;
      while (++i < n) {
        d = recurse(childs[i], j, nodes);
        d.parent = node;
        c.push(d);
        v += d.value;
      }
      if (sort) c.sort(sort);
      if (value) node.value = v;
    } else if (value) {
      node.value = +value.call(hierarchy, data, depth) || 0;
    }
    return node;
  }

  // Recursively re-evaluates the node value.
  function revalue(node, depth) {
    var children = node.children,
        v = 0;
    if (children && (n = children.length)) {
      var i = -1,
          n,
          j = depth + 1;
      while (++i < n) v += revalue(children[i], j);
    } else if (value) {
      v = +value.call(hierarchy, d3_layout_hierarchyInline ? node : node.data, depth) || 0;
    }
    if (value) node.value = v;
    return v;
  }

  function hierarchy(d) {
    var nodes = [];
    recurse(d, 0, nodes);
    return nodes;
  }

  hierarchy.sort = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sort;
    sort = x;
    return hierarchy;
  };

  hierarchy.children = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return children;
    children = x;
    return hierarchy;
  };

  hierarchy.value = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return value;
    value = x;
    return hierarchy;
  };

  // Re-evaluates the `value` property for the specified hierarchy.
  hierarchy.revalue = function(root) {
    revalue(root, 0);
    return root;
  };

  return hierarchy;
};

// A method assignment helper for hierarchy subclasses.
function d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(object, hierarchy) {
  d3.rebind(object, hierarchy, "sort", "children", "value");

  // Add an alias for links, for convenience.
  object.links = d3_layout_hierarchyLinks;

  // If the new API is used, enabling inlining.
  object.nodes = function(d) {
    d3_layout_hierarchyInline = true;
    return (object.nodes = object)(d);
  };

  return object;
}

function d3_layout_hierarchyChildren(d) {
  return d.children;
}

function d3_layout_hierarchyValue(d) {
  return d.value;
}

function d3_layout_hierarchySort(a, b) {
  return b.value - a.value;
}

// Returns an array source+target objects for the specified nodes.
function d3_layout_hierarchyLinks(nodes) {
  return d3.merge(nodes.map(function(parent) {
    return (parent.children || []).map(function(child) {
      return {source: parent, target: child};
    });
  }));
}

// For backwards-compatibility, don't enable inlining by default.
var d3_layout_hierarchyInline = false;
d3.layout.pack = function() {
  var hierarchy = d3.layout.hierarchy().sort(d3_layout_packSort),
      size = [1, 1];

  function pack(d, i) {
    var nodes = hierarchy.call(this, d, i),
        root = nodes[0];

    // Recursively compute the layout.
    root.x = 0;
    root.y = 0;
    d3_layout_packTree(root);

    // Scale the layout to fit the requested size.
    var w = size[0],
        h = size[1],
        k = 1 / Math.max(2 * root.r / w, 2 * root.r / h);
    d3_layout_packTransform(root, w / 2, h / 2, k);

    return nodes;
  }

  pack.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return pack;
  };

  return d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(pack, hierarchy);
};

function d3_layout_packSort(a, b) {
  return a.value - b.value;
}

function d3_layout_packInsert(a, b) {
  var c = a._pack_next;
  a._pack_next = b;
  b._pack_prev = a;
  b._pack_next = c;
  c._pack_prev = b;
}

function d3_layout_packSplice(a, b) {
  a._pack_next = b;
  b._pack_prev = a;
}

function d3_layout_packIntersects(a, b) {
  var dx = b.x - a.x,
      dy = b.y - a.y,
      dr = a.r + b.r;
  return dr * dr - dx * dx - dy * dy > .001; // within epsilon
}

function d3_layout_packCircle(nodes) {
  var xMin = Infinity,
      xMax = -Infinity,
      yMin = Infinity,
      yMax = -Infinity,
      n = nodes.length,
      a, b, c, j, k;

  function bound(node) {
    xMin = Math.min(node.x - node.r, xMin);
    xMax = Math.max(node.x + node.r, xMax);
    yMin = Math.min(node.y - node.r, yMin);
    yMax = Math.max(node.y + node.r, yMax);
  }

  // Create node links.
  nodes.forEach(d3_layout_packLink);

  // Create first node.
  a = nodes[0];
  a.x = -a.r;
  a.y = 0;
  bound(a);

  // Create second node.
  if (n > 1) {
    b = nodes[1];
    b.x = b.r;
    b.y = 0;
    bound(b);

    // Create third node and build chain.
    if (n > 2) {
      c = nodes[2];
      d3_layout_packPlace(a, b, c);
      bound(c);
      d3_layout_packInsert(a, c);
      a._pack_prev = c;
      d3_layout_packInsert(c, b);
      b = a._pack_next;

      // Now iterate through the rest.
      for (var i = 3; i < n; i++) {
        d3_layout_packPlace(a, b, c = nodes[i]);

        // Search for the closest intersection.
        var isect = 0, s1 = 1, s2 = 1;
        for (j = b._pack_next; j !== b; j = j._pack_next, s1++) {
          if (d3_layout_packIntersects(j, c)) {
            isect = 1;
            break;
          }
        }
        if (isect == 1) {
          for (k = a._pack_prev; k !== j._pack_prev; k = k._pack_prev, s2++) {
            if (d3_layout_packIntersects(k, c)) {
              break;
            }
          }
        }

        // Update node chain.
        if (isect) {
          if (s1 < s2 || (s1 == s2 && b.r < a.r)) d3_layout_packSplice(a, b = j);
          else d3_layout_packSplice(a = k, b);
          i--;
        } else {
          d3_layout_packInsert(a, c);
          b = c;
          bound(c);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // Re-center the circles and return the encompassing radius.
  var cx = (xMin + xMax) / 2,
      cy = (yMin + yMax) / 2,
      cr = 0;
  for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    var node = nodes[i];
    node.x -= cx;
    node.y -= cy;
    cr = Math.max(cr, node.r + Math.sqrt(node.x * node.x + node.y * node.y));
  }

  // Remove node links.
  nodes.forEach(d3_layout_packUnlink);

  return cr;
}

function d3_layout_packLink(node) {
  node._pack_next = node._pack_prev = node;
}

function d3_layout_packUnlink(node) {
  delete node._pack_next;
  delete node._pack_prev;
}

function d3_layout_packTree(node) {
  var children = node.children;
  if (children && children.length) {
    children.forEach(d3_layout_packTree);
    node.r = d3_layout_packCircle(children);
  } else {
    node.r = Math.sqrt(node.value);
  }
}

function d3_layout_packTransform(node, x, y, k) {
  var children = node.children;
  node.x = (x += k * node.x);
  node.y = (y += k * node.y);
  node.r *= k;
  if (children) {
    var i = -1, n = children.length;
    while (++i < n) d3_layout_packTransform(children[i], x, y, k);
  }
}

function d3_layout_packPlace(a, b, c) {
  var db = a.r + c.r,
      dx = b.x - a.x,
      dy = b.y - a.y;
  if (db && (dx || dy)) {
    var da = b.r + c.r,
        dc = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy),
        cos = Math.max(-1, Math.min(1, (db * db + dc * dc - da * da) / (2 * db * dc))),
        theta = Math.acos(cos),
        x = cos * (db /= dc),
        y = Math.sin(theta) * db;
    c.x = a.x + x * dx + y * dy;
    c.y = a.y + x * dy - y * dx;
  } else {
    c.x = a.x + db;
    c.y = a.y;
  }
}
// Implements a hierarchical layout using the cluster (or dendrogram)
// algorithm.
d3.layout.cluster = function() {
  var hierarchy = d3.layout.hierarchy().sort(null).value(null),
      separation = d3_layout_treeSeparation,
      size = [1, 1]; // width, height

  function cluster(d, i) {
    var nodes = hierarchy.call(this, d, i),
        root = nodes[0],
        previousNode,
        x = 0,
        kx,
        ky;

    // First walk, computing the initial x & y values.
    d3_layout_treeVisitAfter(root, function(node) {
      var children = node.children;
      if (children && children.length) {
        node.x = d3_layout_clusterX(children);
        node.y = d3_layout_clusterY(children);
      } else {
        node.x = previousNode ? x += separation(node, previousNode) : 0;
        node.y = 0;
        previousNode = node;
      }
    });

    // Compute the left-most, right-most, and depth-most nodes for extents.
    var left = d3_layout_clusterLeft(root),
        right = d3_layout_clusterRight(root),
        x0 = left.x - separation(left, right) / 2,
        x1 = right.x + separation(right, left) / 2;

    // Second walk, normalizing x & y to the desired size.
    d3_layout_treeVisitAfter(root, function(node) {
      node.x = (node.x - x0) / (x1 - x0) * size[0];
      node.y = (1 - (root.y ? node.y / root.y : 1)) * size[1];
    });

    return nodes;
  }

  cluster.separation = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return separation;
    separation = x;
    return cluster;
  };

  cluster.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return cluster;
  };

  return d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(cluster, hierarchy);
};

function d3_layout_clusterY(children) {
  return 1 + d3.max(children, function(child) {
    return child.y;
  });
}

function d3_layout_clusterX(children) {
  return children.reduce(function(x, child) {
    return x + child.x;
  }, 0) / children.length;
}

function d3_layout_clusterLeft(node) {
  var children = node.children;
  return children && children.length ? d3_layout_clusterLeft(children[0]) : node;
}

function d3_layout_clusterRight(node) {
  var children = node.children, n;
  return children && (n = children.length) ? d3_layout_clusterRight(children[n - 1]) : node;
}
// Node-link tree diagram using the Reingold-Tilford "tidy" algorithm
d3.layout.tree = function() {
  var hierarchy = d3.layout.hierarchy().sort(null).value(null),
      separation = d3_layout_treeSeparation,
      size = [1, 1]; // width, height

  function tree(d, i) {
    var nodes = hierarchy.call(this, d, i),
        root = nodes[0];

    function firstWalk(node, previousSibling) {
      var children = node.children,
          layout = node._tree;
      if (children && (n = children.length)) {
        var n,
            firstChild = children[0],
            previousChild,
            ancestor = firstChild,
            child,
            i = -1;
        while (++i < n) {
          child = children[i];
          firstWalk(child, previousChild);
          ancestor = apportion(child, previousChild, ancestor);
          previousChild = child;
        }
        d3_layout_treeShift(node);
        var midpoint = .5 * (firstChild._tree.prelim + child._tree.prelim);
        if (previousSibling) {
          layout.prelim = previousSibling._tree.prelim + separation(node, previousSibling);
          layout.mod = layout.prelim - midpoint;
        } else {
          layout.prelim = midpoint;
        }
      } else {
        if (previousSibling) {
          layout.prelim = previousSibling._tree.prelim + separation(node, previousSibling);
        }
      }
    }

    function secondWalk(node, x) {
      node.x = node._tree.prelim + x;
      var children = node.children;
      if (children && (n = children.length)) {
        var i = -1,
            n;
        x += node._tree.mod;
        while (++i < n) {
          secondWalk(children[i], x);
        }
      }
    }

    function apportion(node, previousSibling, ancestor) {
      if (previousSibling) {
        var vip = node,
            vop = node,
            vim = previousSibling,
            vom = node.parent.children[0],
            sip = vip._tree.mod,
            sop = vop._tree.mod,
            sim = vim._tree.mod,
            som = vom._tree.mod,
            shift;
        while (vim = d3_layout_treeRight(vim), vip = d3_layout_treeLeft(vip), vim && vip) {
          vom = d3_layout_treeLeft(vom);
          vop = d3_layout_treeRight(vop);
          vop._tree.ancestor = node;
          shift = vim._tree.prelim + sim - vip._tree.prelim - sip + separation(vim, vip);
          if (shift > 0) {
            d3_layout_treeMove(d3_layout_treeAncestor(vim, node, ancestor), node, shift);
            sip += shift;
            sop += shift;
          }
          sim += vim._tree.mod;
          sip += vip._tree.mod;
          som += vom._tree.mod;
          sop += vop._tree.mod;
        }
        if (vim && !d3_layout_treeRight(vop)) {
          vop._tree.thread = vim;
          vop._tree.mod += sim - sop;
        }
        if (vip && !d3_layout_treeLeft(vom)) {
          vom._tree.thread = vip;
          vom._tree.mod += sip - som;
          ancestor = node;
        }
      }
      return ancestor;
    }

    // Initialize temporary layout variables.
    d3_layout_treeVisitAfter(root, function(node, previousSibling) {
      node._tree = {
        ancestor: node,
        prelim: 0,
        mod: 0,
        change: 0,
        shift: 0,
        number: previousSibling ? previousSibling._tree.number + 1 : 0
      };
    });

    // Compute the layout using Buchheim et al.'s algorithm.
    firstWalk(root);
    secondWalk(root, -root._tree.prelim);

    // Compute the left-most, right-most, and depth-most nodes for extents.
    var left = d3_layout_treeSearch(root, d3_layout_treeLeftmost),
        right = d3_layout_treeSearch(root, d3_layout_treeRightmost),
        deep = d3_layout_treeSearch(root, d3_layout_treeDeepest),
        x0 = left.x - separation(left, right) / 2,
        x1 = right.x + separation(right, left) / 2,
        y1 = deep.depth || 1;

    // Clear temporary layout variables; transform x and y.
    d3_layout_treeVisitAfter(root, function(node) {
      node.x = (node.x - x0) / (x1 - x0) * size[0];
      node.y = node.depth / y1 * size[1];
      delete node._tree;
    });

    return nodes;
  }

  tree.separation = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return separation;
    separation = x;
    return tree;
  };

  tree.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return tree;
  };

  return d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(tree, hierarchy);
};

function d3_layout_treeSeparation(a, b) {
  return a.parent == b.parent ? 1 : 2;
}

// function d3_layout_treeSeparationRadial(a, b) {
//   return (a.parent == b.parent ? 1 : 2) / a.depth;
// }

function d3_layout_treeLeft(node) {
  var children = node.children;
  return children && children.length ? children[0] : node._tree.thread;
}

function d3_layout_treeRight(node) {
  var children = node.children,
      n;
  return children && (n = children.length) ? children[n - 1] : node._tree.thread;
}

function d3_layout_treeSearch(node, compare) {
  var children = node.children;
  if (children && (n = children.length)) {
    var child,
        n,
        i = -1;
    while (++i < n) {
      if (compare(child = d3_layout_treeSearch(children[i], compare), node) > 0) {
        node = child;
      }
    }
  }
  return node;
}

function d3_layout_treeRightmost(a, b) {
  return a.x - b.x;
}

function d3_layout_treeLeftmost(a, b) {
  return b.x - a.x;
}

function d3_layout_treeDeepest(a, b) {
  return a.depth - b.depth;
}

function d3_layout_treeVisitAfter(node, callback) {
  function visit(node, previousSibling) {
    var children = node.children;
    if (children && (n = children.length)) {
      var child,
          previousChild = null,
          i = -1,
          n;
      while (++i < n) {
        child = children[i];
        visit(child, previousChild);
        previousChild = child;
      }
    }
    callback(node, previousSibling);
  }
  visit(node, null);
}

function d3_layout_treeShift(node) {
  var shift = 0,
      change = 0,
      children = node.children,
      i = children.length,
      child;
  while (--i >= 0) {
    child = children[i]._tree;
    child.prelim += shift;
    child.mod += shift;
    shift += child.shift + (change += child.change);
  }
}

function d3_layout_treeMove(ancestor, node, shift) {
  ancestor = ancestor._tree;
  node = node._tree;
  var change = shift / (node.number - ancestor.number);
  ancestor.change += change;
  node.change -= change;
  node.shift += shift;
  node.prelim += shift;
  node.mod += shift;
}

function d3_layout_treeAncestor(vim, node, ancestor) {
  return vim._tree.ancestor.parent == node.parent
      ? vim._tree.ancestor
      : ancestor;
}
// Squarified Treemaps by Mark Bruls, Kees Huizing, and Jarke J. van Wijk
// Modified to support a target aspect ratio by Jeff Heer
d3.layout.treemap = function() {
  var hierarchy = d3.layout.hierarchy(),
      round = Math.round,
      size = [1, 1], // width, height
      padding = null,
      pad = d3_layout_treemapPadNull,
      sticky = false,
      stickies,
      ratio = 0.5 * (1 + Math.sqrt(5)); // golden ratio

  // Compute the area for each child based on value & scale.
  function scale(children, k) {
    var i = -1,
        n = children.length,
        child,
        area;
    while (++i < n) {
      area = (child = children[i]).value * (k < 0 ? 0 : k);
      child.area = isNaN(area) || area <= 0 ? 0 : area;
    }
  }

  // Recursively arranges the specified node's children into squarified rows.
  function squarify(node) {
    var children = node.children;
    if (children && children.length) {
      var rect = pad(node),
          row = [],
          remaining = children.slice(), // copy-on-write
          child,
          best = Infinity, // the best row score so far
          score, // the current row score
          u = Math.min(rect.dx, rect.dy), // initial orientation
          n;
      scale(remaining, rect.dx * rect.dy / node.value);
      row.area = 0;
      while ((n = remaining.length) > 0) {
        row.push(child = remaining[n - 1]);
        row.area += child.area;
        if ((score = worst(row, u)) <= best) { // continue with this orientation
          remaining.pop();
          best = score;
        } else { // abort, and try a different orientation
          row.area -= row.pop().area;
          position(row, u, rect, false);
          u = Math.min(rect.dx, rect.dy);
          row.length = row.area = 0;
          best = Infinity;
        }
      }
      if (row.length) {
        position(row, u, rect, true);
        row.length = row.area = 0;
      }
      children.forEach(squarify);
    }
  }

  // Recursively resizes the specified node's children into existing rows.
  // Preserves the existing layout!
  function stickify(node) {
    var children = node.children;
    if (children && children.length) {
      var rect = pad(node),
          remaining = children.slice(), // copy-on-write
          child,
          row = [];
      scale(remaining, rect.dx * rect.dy / node.value);
      row.area = 0;
      while (child = remaining.pop()) {
        row.push(child);
        row.area += child.area;
        if (child.z != null) {
          position(row, child.z ? rect.dx : rect.dy, rect, !remaining.length);
          row.length = row.area = 0;
        }
      }
      children.forEach(stickify);
    }
  }

  // Computes the score for the specified row, as the worst aspect ratio.
  function worst(row, u) {
    var s = row.area,
        r,
        rmax = 0,
        rmin = Infinity,
        i = -1,
        n = row.length;
    while (++i < n) {
      if (!(r = row[i].area)) continue;
      if (r < rmin) rmin = r;
      if (r > rmax) rmax = r;
    }
    s *= s;
    u *= u;
    return s
        ? Math.max((u * rmax * ratio) / s, s / (u * rmin * ratio))
        : Infinity;
  }

  // Positions the specified row of nodes. Modifies `rect`.
  function position(row, u, rect, flush) {
    var i = -1,
        n = row.length,
        x = rect.x,
        y = rect.y,
        v = u ? round(row.area / u) : 0,
        o;
    if (u == rect.dx) { // horizontal subdivision
      if (flush || v > rect.dy) v = rect.dy; // over+underflow
      while (++i < n) {
        o = row[i];
        o.x = x;
        o.y = y;
        o.dy = v;
        x += o.dx = Math.min(rect.x + rect.dx - x, v ? round(o.area / v) : 0);
      }
      o.z = true;
      o.dx += rect.x + rect.dx - x; // rounding error
      rect.y += v;
      rect.dy -= v;
    } else { // vertical subdivision
      if (flush || v > rect.dx) v = rect.dx; // over+underflow
      while (++i < n) {
        o = row[i];
        o.x = x;
        o.y = y;
        o.dx = v;
        y += o.dy = Math.min(rect.y + rect.dy - y, v ? round(o.area / v) : 0);
      }
      o.z = false;
      o.dy += rect.y + rect.dy - y; // rounding error
      rect.x += v;
      rect.dx -= v;
    }
  }

  function treemap(d) {
    var nodes = stickies || hierarchy(d),
        root = nodes[0];
    root.x = 0;
    root.y = 0;
    root.dx = size[0];
    root.dy = size[1];
    if (stickies) hierarchy.revalue(root);
    scale([root], root.dx * root.dy / root.value);
    (stickies ? stickify : squarify)(root);
    if (sticky) stickies = nodes;
    return nodes;
  }

  treemap.size = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return size;
    size = x;
    return treemap;
  };

  treemap.padding = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return padding;

    function padFunction(node) {
      var p = x.call(treemap, node, node.depth);
      return p == null
          ? d3_layout_treemapPadNull(node)
          : d3_layout_treemapPad(node, typeof p === "number" ? [p, p, p, p] : p);
    }

    function padConstant(node) {
      return d3_layout_treemapPad(node, x);
    }

    var type;
    pad = (padding = x) == null ? d3_layout_treemapPadNull
        : (type = typeof x) === "function" ? padFunction
        : type === "number" ? (x = [x, x, x, x], padConstant)
        : padConstant;
    return treemap;
  };

  treemap.round = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return round != Number;
    round = x ? Math.round : Number;
    return treemap;
  };

  treemap.sticky = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return sticky;
    sticky = x;
    stickies = null;
    return treemap;
  };

  treemap.ratio = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return ratio;
    ratio = x;
    return treemap;
  };

  return d3_layout_hierarchyRebind(treemap, hierarchy);
};

function d3_layout_treemapPadNull(node) {
  return {x: node.x, y: node.y, dx: node.dx, dy: node.dy};
}

function d3_layout_treemapPad(node, padding) {
  var x = node.x + padding[3],
      y = node.y + padding[0],
      dx = node.dx - padding[1] - padding[3],
      dy = node.dy - padding[0] - padding[2];
  if (dx < 0) { x += dx / 2; dx = 0; }
  if (dy < 0) { y += dy / 2; dy = 0; }
  return {x: x, y: y, dx: dx, dy: dy};
}
d3.csv = function(url, callback) {
  d3.text(url, "text/csv", function(text) {
    callback(text && d3.csv.parse(text));
  });
};
d3.csv.parse = function(text) {
  var header;
  return d3.csv.parseRows(text, function(row, i) {
    if (i) {
      var o = {}, j = -1, m = header.length;
      while (++j < m) o[header[j]] = row[j];
      return o;
    } else {
      header = row;
      return null;
    }
  });
};

d3.csv.parseRows = function(text, f) {
  var EOL = {}, // sentinel value for end-of-line
      EOF = {}, // sentinel value for end-of-file
      rows = [], // output rows
      re = /\r\n|[,\r\n]/g, // field separator regex
      n = 0, // the current line number
      t, // the current token
      eol; // is the current token followed by EOL?

  re.lastIndex = 0; // work-around bug in FF 3.6

  /** @private Returns the next token. */
  function token() {
    if (re.lastIndex >= text.length) return EOF; // special case: end of file
    if (eol) { eol = false; return EOL; } // special case: end of line

    // special case: quotes
    var j = re.lastIndex;
    if (text.charCodeAt(j) === 34) {
      var i = j;
      while (i++ < text.length) {
        if (text.charCodeAt(i) === 34) {
          if (text.charCodeAt(i + 1) !== 34) break;
          i++;
        }
      }
      re.lastIndex = i + 2;
      var c = text.charCodeAt(i + 1);
      if (c === 13) {
        eol = true;
        if (text.charCodeAt(i + 2) === 10) re.lastIndex++;
      } else if (c === 10) {
        eol = true;
      }
      return text.substring(j + 1, i).replace(/""/g, "\"");
    }

    // common case
    var m = re.exec(text);
    if (m) {
      eol = m[0].charCodeAt(0) !== 44;
      return text.substring(j, m.index);
    }
    re.lastIndex = text.length;
    return text.substring(j);
  }

  while ((t = token()) !== EOF) {
    var a = [];
    while ((t !== EOL) && (t !== EOF)) {
      a.push(t);
      t = token();
    }
    if (f && !(a = f(a, n++))) continue;
    rows.push(a);
  }

  return rows;
};
d3.csv.format = function(rows) {
  return rows.map(d3_csv_formatRow).join("\n");
};

function d3_csv_formatRow(row) {
  return row.map(d3_csv_formatValue).join(",");
}

function d3_csv_formatValue(text) {
  return /[",\n]/.test(text)
      ? "\"" + text.replace(/\"/g, "\"\"") + "\""
      : text;
}
d3.geo = {};

var d3_geo_radians = Math.PI / 180;
// TODO clip input coordinates on opposite hemisphere
d3.geo.azimuthal = function() {
  var mode = "orthographic", // or stereographic, gnomonic, equidistant or equalarea
      origin,
      scale = 200,
      translate = [480, 250],
      x0,
      y0,
      cy0,
      sy0;

  function azimuthal(coordinates) {
    var x1 = coordinates[0] * d3_geo_radians - x0,
        y1 = coordinates[1] * d3_geo_radians,
        cx1 = Math.cos(x1),
        sx1 = Math.sin(x1),
        cy1 = Math.cos(y1),
        sy1 = Math.sin(y1),
        cc = mode !== "orthographic" ? sy0 * sy1 + cy0 * cy1 * cx1 : null,
        c,
        k = mode === "stereographic" ? 1 / (1 + cc)
          : mode === "gnomonic" ? 1 / cc
          : mode === "equidistant" ? (c = Math.acos(cc), c ? c / Math.sin(c) : 0)
          : mode === "equalarea" ? Math.sqrt(2 / (1 + cc))
          : 1,
        x = k * cy1 * sx1,
        y = k * (sy0 * cy1 * cx1 - cy0 * sy1);
    return [
      scale * x + translate[0],
      scale * y + translate[1]
    ];
  }

  azimuthal.invert = function(coordinates) {
    var x = (coordinates[0] - translate[0]) / scale,
        y = (coordinates[1] - translate[1]) / scale,
        p = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y),
        c = mode === "stereographic" ? 2 * Math.atan(p)
          : mode === "gnomonic" ? Math.atan(p)
          : mode === "equidistant" ? p
          : mode === "equalarea" ? 2 * Math.asin(.5 * p)
          : Math.asin(p),
        sc = Math.sin(c),
        cc = Math.cos(c);
    return [
      (x0 + Math.atan2(x * sc, p * cy0 * cc + y * sy0 * sc)) / d3_geo_radians,
      Math.asin(cc * sy0 - (p ? (y * sc * cy0) / p : 0)) / d3_geo_radians
    ];
  };

  azimuthal.mode = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return mode;
    mode = x + "";
    return azimuthal;
  };

  azimuthal.origin = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return origin;
    origin = x;
    x0 = origin[0] * d3_geo_radians;
    y0 = origin[1] * d3_geo_radians;
    cy0 = Math.cos(y0);
    sy0 = Math.sin(y0);
    return azimuthal;
  };

  azimuthal.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return azimuthal;
  };

  azimuthal.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return azimuthal;
  };

  return azimuthal.origin([0, 0]);
};
// Derived from Tom Carden's Albers implementation for Protovis.
// http://gist.github.com/476238
// http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AlbersEqual-AreaConicProjection.html

d3.geo.albers = function() {
  var origin = [-98, 38],
      parallels = [29.5, 45.5],
      scale = 1000,
      translate = [480, 250],
      lng0, // d3_geo_radians * origin[0]
      n,
      C,
      p0;

  function albers(coordinates) {
    var t = n * (d3_geo_radians * coordinates[0] - lng0),
        p = Math.sqrt(C - 2 * n * Math.sin(d3_geo_radians * coordinates[1])) / n;
    return [
      scale * p * Math.sin(t) + translate[0],
      scale * (p * Math.cos(t) - p0) + translate[1]
    ];
  }

  albers.invert = function(coordinates) {
    var x = (coordinates[0] - translate[0]) / scale,
        y = (coordinates[1] - translate[1]) / scale,
        p0y = p0 + y,
        t = Math.atan2(x, p0y),
        p = Math.sqrt(x * x + p0y * p0y);
    return [
      (lng0 + t / n) / d3_geo_radians,
      Math.asin((C - p * p * n * n) / (2 * n)) / d3_geo_radians
    ];
  };

  function reload() {
    var phi1 = d3_geo_radians * parallels[0],
        phi2 = d3_geo_radians * parallels[1],
        lat0 = d3_geo_radians * origin[1],
        s = Math.sin(phi1),
        c = Math.cos(phi1);
    lng0 = d3_geo_radians * origin[0];
    n = .5 * (s + Math.sin(phi2));
    C = c * c + 2 * n * s;
    p0 = Math.sqrt(C - 2 * n * Math.sin(lat0)) / n;
    return albers;
  }

  albers.origin = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return origin;
    origin = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return reload();
  };

  albers.parallels = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return parallels;
    parallels = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return reload();
  };

  albers.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return albers;
  };

  albers.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return albers;
  };

  return reload();
};

// A composite projection for the United States, 960x500. The set of standard
// parallels for each region comes from USGS, which is published here:
// http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/MapProjections/projections.html#albers
// TODO allow the composite projection to be rescaled?
d3.geo.albersUsa = function() {
  var lower48 = d3.geo.albers();

  var alaska = d3.geo.albers()
      .origin([-160, 60])
      .parallels([55, 65]);

  var hawaii = d3.geo.albers()
      .origin([-160, 20])
      .parallels([8, 18]);

  var puertoRico = d3.geo.albers()
      .origin([-60, 10])
      .parallels([8, 18]);

  function albersUsa(coordinates) {
    var lon = coordinates[0],
        lat = coordinates[1];
    return (lat > 50 ? alaska
        : lon < -140 ? hawaii
        : lat < 21 ? puertoRico
        : lower48)(coordinates);
  }

  albersUsa.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return lower48.scale();
    lower48.scale(x);
    alaska.scale(x * .6);
    hawaii.scale(x);
    puertoRico.scale(x * 1.5);
    return albersUsa.translate(lower48.translate());
  };

  albersUsa.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return lower48.translate();
    var dz = lower48.scale() / 1000,
        dx = x[0],
        dy = x[1];
    lower48.translate(x);
    alaska.translate([dx - 400 * dz, dy + 170 * dz]);
    hawaii.translate([dx - 190 * dz, dy + 200 * dz]);
    puertoRico.translate([dx + 580 * dz, dy + 430 * dz]);
    return albersUsa;
  };

  return albersUsa.scale(lower48.scale());
};
d3.geo.bonne = function() {
  var scale = 200,
      translate = [480, 250],
      x0, // origin longitude in radians
      y0, // origin latitude in radians
      y1, // parallel latitude in radians
      c1; // cot(y1)

  function bonne(coordinates) {
    var x = coordinates[0] * d3_geo_radians - x0,
        y = coordinates[1] * d3_geo_radians - y0;
    if (y1) {
      var p = c1 + y1 - y, E = x * Math.cos(y) / p;
      x = p * Math.sin(E);
      y = p * Math.cos(E) - c1;
    } else {
      x *= Math.cos(y);
      y *= -1;
    }
    return [
      scale * x + translate[0],
      scale * y + translate[1]
    ];
  }

  bonne.invert = function(coordinates) {
    var x = (coordinates[0] - translate[0]) / scale,
        y = (coordinates[1] - translate[1]) / scale;
    if (y1) {
      var c = c1 + y, p = Math.sqrt(x * x + c * c);
      y = c1 + y1 - p;
      x = x0 + p * Math.atan2(x, c) / Math.cos(y);
    } else {
      y *= -1;
      x /= Math.cos(y);
    }
    return [
      x / d3_geo_radians,
      y / d3_geo_radians
    ];
  };

  // 90° for Werner, 0° for Sinusoidal
  bonne.parallel = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return y1 / d3_geo_radians;
    c1 = 1 / Math.tan(y1 = x * d3_geo_radians);
    return bonne;
  };

  bonne.origin = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return [x0 / d3_geo_radians, y0 / d3_geo_radians];
    x0 = x[0] * d3_geo_radians;
    y0 = x[1] * d3_geo_radians;
    return bonne;
  };

  bonne.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return bonne;
  };

  bonne.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return bonne;
  };

  return bonne.origin([0, 0]).parallel(45);
};
d3.geo.equirectangular = function() {
  var scale = 500,
      translate = [480, 250];

  function equirectangular(coordinates) {
    var x = coordinates[0] / 360,
        y = -coordinates[1] / 360;
    return [
      scale * x + translate[0],
      scale * y + translate[1]
    ];
  }

  equirectangular.invert = function(coordinates) {
    var x = (coordinates[0] - translate[0]) / scale,
        y = (coordinates[1] - translate[1]) / scale;
    return [
      360 * x,
      -360 * y
    ];
  };

  equirectangular.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return equirectangular;
  };

  equirectangular.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return equirectangular;
  };

  return equirectangular;
};
d3.geo.mercator = function() {
  var scale = 500,
      translate = [480, 250];

  function mercator(coordinates) {
    var x = coordinates[0] / 360,
        y = -(Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + coordinates[1] * d3_geo_radians / 2)) / d3_geo_radians) / 360;
    return [
      scale * x + translate[0],
      scale * Math.max(-.5, Math.min(.5, y)) + translate[1]
    ];
  }

  mercator.invert = function(coordinates) {
    var x = (coordinates[0] - translate[0]) / scale,
        y = (coordinates[1] - translate[1]) / scale;
    return [
      360 * x,
      2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(-360 * y * d3_geo_radians)) / d3_geo_radians - 90
    ];
  };

  mercator.scale = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
    scale = +x;
    return mercator;
  };

  mercator.translate = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
    translate = [+x[0], +x[1]];
    return mercator;
  };

  return mercator;
};
function d3_geo_type(types, defaultValue) {
  return function(object) {
    return object && types.hasOwnProperty(object.type) ? types[object.type](object) : defaultValue;
  };
}
/**
 * Returns a function that, given a GeoJSON object (e.g., a feature), returns
 * the corresponding SVG path. The function can be customized by overriding the
 * projection. Point features are mapped to circles with a default radius of
 * 4.5px; the radius can be specified either as a constant or a function that
 * is evaluated per object.
 */
d3.geo.path = function() {
  var pointRadius = 4.5,
      pointCircle = d3_path_circle(pointRadius),
      projection = d3.geo.albersUsa();

  function path(d, i) {
    if (typeof pointRadius === "function") {
      pointCircle = d3_path_circle(pointRadius.apply(this, arguments));
    }
    return pathType(d) || null;
  }

  function project(coordinates) {
    return projection(coordinates).join(",");
  }

  var pathType = d3_geo_type({

    FeatureCollection: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          features = o.features,
          i = -1, // features.index
          n = features.length;
      while (++i < n) path.push(pathType(features[i].geometry));
      return path.join("");
    },

    Feature: function(o) {
      return pathType(o.geometry);
    },

    Point: function(o) {
      return "M" + project(o.coordinates) + pointCircle;
    },

    MultiPoint: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates.index
          n = coordinates.length;
      while (++i < n) path.push("M", project(coordinates[i]), pointCircle);
      return path.join("");
    },

    LineString: function(o) {
      var path = ["M"],
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates.index
          n = coordinates.length;
      while (++i < n) path.push(project(coordinates[i]), "L");
      path.pop();
      return path.join("");
    },

    MultiLineString: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates.index
          n = coordinates.length,
          subcoordinates, // coordinates[i]
          j, // subcoordinates.index
          m; // subcoordinates.length
      while (++i < n) {
        subcoordinates = coordinates[i];
        j = -1;
        m = subcoordinates.length;
        path.push("M");
        while (++j < m) path.push(project(subcoordinates[j]), "L");
        path.pop();
      }
      return path.join("");
    },

    Polygon: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates.index
          n = coordinates.length,
          subcoordinates, // coordinates[i]
          j, // subcoordinates.index
          m; // subcoordinates.length
      while (++i < n) {
        subcoordinates = coordinates[i];
        j = -1;
        if ((m = subcoordinates.length - 1) > 0) {
          path.push("M");
          while (++j < m) path.push(project(subcoordinates[j]), "L");
          path[path.length - 1] = "Z";
        }
      }
      return path.join("");
    },

    MultiPolygon: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates index
          n = coordinates.length,
          subcoordinates, // coordinates[i]
          j, // subcoordinates index
          m, // subcoordinates.length
          subsubcoordinates, // subcoordinates[j]
          k, // subsubcoordinates index
          p; // subsubcoordinates.length
      while (++i < n) {
        subcoordinates = coordinates[i];
        j = -1;
        m = subcoordinates.length;
        while (++j < m) {
          subsubcoordinates = subcoordinates[j];
          k = -1;
          if ((p = subsubcoordinates.length - 1) > 0) {
            path.push("M");
            while (++k < p) path.push(project(subsubcoordinates[k]), "L");
            path[path.length - 1] = "Z";
          }
        }
      }
      return path.join("");
    },

    GeometryCollection: function(o) {
      var path = [],
          geometries = o.geometries,
          i = -1, // geometries index
          n = geometries.length;
      while (++i < n) path.push(pathType(geometries[i]));
      return path.join("");
    }

  });

  var areaType = path.area = d3_geo_type({

    FeatureCollection: function(o) {
      var area = 0,
          features = o.features,
          i = -1, // features.index
          n = features.length;
      while (++i < n) area += areaType(features[i]);
      return area;
    },

    Feature: function(o) {
      return areaType(o.geometry);
    },

    Polygon: function(o) {
      return polygonArea(o.coordinates);
    },

    MultiPolygon: function(o) {
      var sum = 0,
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          i = -1, // coordinates index
          n = coordinates.length;
      while (++i < n) sum += polygonArea(coordinates[i]);
      return sum;
    },

    GeometryCollection: function(o) {
      var sum = 0,
          geometries = o.geometries,
          i = -1, // geometries index
          n = geometries.length;
      while (++i < n) sum += areaType(geometries[i]);
      return sum;
    }

  }, 0);

  function polygonArea(coordinates) {
    var sum = area(coordinates[0]), // exterior ring
        i = 0, // coordinates.index
        n = coordinates.length;
    while (++i < n) sum -= area(coordinates[i]); // holes
    return sum;
  }

  function polygonCentroid(coordinates) {
    var polygon = d3.geom.polygon(coordinates[0].map(projection)), // exterior ring
        area = polygon.area(),
        centroid = polygon.centroid(area < 0 ? (area *= -1, 1) : -1),
        x = centroid[0],
        y = centroid[1],
        z = area,
        i = 0, // coordinates index
        n = coordinates.length;
    while (++i < n) {
      polygon = d3.geom.polygon(coordinates[i].map(projection)); // holes
      area = polygon.area();
      centroid = polygon.centroid(area < 0 ? (area *= -1, 1) : -1);
      x -= centroid[0];
      y -= centroid[1];
      z -= area;
    }
    return [x, y, 6 * z]; // weighted centroid
  }

  var centroidType = path.centroid = d3_geo_type({

    // TODO FeatureCollection
    // TODO Point
    // TODO MultiPoint
    // TODO LineString
    // TODO MultiLineString
    // TODO GeometryCollection

    Feature: function(o) {
      return centroidType(o.geometry);
    },

    Polygon: function(o) {
      var centroid = polygonCentroid(o.coordinates);
      return [centroid[0] / centroid[2], centroid[1] / centroid[2]];
    },

    MultiPolygon: function(o) {
      var area = 0,
          coordinates = o.coordinates,
          centroid,
          x = 0,
          y = 0,
          z = 0,
          i = -1, // coordinates index
          n = coordinates.length;
      while (++i < n) {
        centroid = polygonCentroid(coordinates[i]);
        x += centroid[0];
        y += centroid[1];
        z += centroid[2];
      }
      return [x / z, y / z];
    }

  });

  function area(coordinates) {
    return Math.abs(d3.geom.polygon(coordinates.map(projection)).area());
  }

  path.projection = function(x) {
    projection = x;
    return path;
  };

  path.pointRadius = function(x) {
    if (typeof x === "function") pointRadius = x;
    else {
      pointRadius = +x;
      pointCircle = d3_path_circle(pointRadius);
    }
    return path;
  };

  return path;
};

function d3_path_circle(radius) {
  return "m0," + radius
      + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + (-2 * radius)
      + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + (+2 * radius)
      + "z";
}
/**
 * Given a GeoJSON object, returns the corresponding bounding box. The bounding
 * box is represented by a two-dimensional array: [[left, bottom], [right,
 * top]], where left is the minimum longitude, bottom is the minimum latitude,
 * right is maximum longitude, and top is the maximum latitude.
 */
d3.geo.bounds = function(feature) {
  var left = Infinity,
      bottom = Infinity,
      right = -Infinity,
      top = -Infinity;
  d3_geo_bounds(feature, function(x, y) {
    if (x < left) left = x;
    if (x > right) right = x;
    if (y < bottom) bottom = y;
    if (y > top) top = y;
  });
  return [[left, bottom], [right, top]];
};

function d3_geo_bounds(o, f) {
  if (d3_geo_boundsTypes.hasOwnProperty(o.type)) d3_geo_boundsTypes[o.type](o, f);
}

var d3_geo_boundsTypes = {
  Feature: d3_geo_boundsFeature,
  FeatureCollection: d3_geo_boundsFeatureCollection,
  GeometryCollection: d3_geo_boundsGeometryCollection,
  LineString: d3_geo_boundsLineString,
  MultiLineString: d3_geo_boundsMultiLineString,
  MultiPoint: d3_geo_boundsLineString,
  MultiPolygon: d3_geo_boundsMultiPolygon,
  Point: d3_geo_boundsPoint,
  Polygon: d3_geo_boundsPolygon
};

function d3_geo_boundsFeature(o, f) {
  d3_geo_bounds(o.geometry, f);
}

function d3_geo_boundsFeatureCollection(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.features, i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    d3_geo_bounds(a[i].geometry, f);
  }
}

function d3_geo_boundsGeometryCollection(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.geometries, i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    d3_geo_bounds(a[i], f);
  }
}

function d3_geo_boundsLineString(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.coordinates, i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    f.apply(null, a[i]);
  }
}

function d3_geo_boundsMultiLineString(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.coordinates, i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    for (var b = a[i], j = 0, m = b.length; j < m; j++) {
      f.apply(null, b[j]);
    }
  }
}

function d3_geo_boundsMultiPolygon(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.coordinates, i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    for (var b = a[i][0], j = 0, m = b.length; j < m; j++) {
      f.apply(null, b[j]);
    }
  }
}

function d3_geo_boundsPoint(o, f) {
  f.apply(null, o.coordinates);
}

function d3_geo_boundsPolygon(o, f) {
  for (var a = o.coordinates[0], i = 0, n = a.length; i < n; i++) {
    f.apply(null, a[i]);
  }
}
// TODO breakAtDateLine?

d3.geo.circle = function() {
  var origin = [0, 0],
      degrees = 90 - 1e-2,
      radians = degrees * d3_geo_radians,
      arc = d3.geo.greatArc().target(d3_identity);

  function circle() {
    // TODO render a circle as a Polygon
  }

  function visible(point) {
    return arc.distance(point) < radians;
  }

  circle.clip = function(d) {
    arc.source(typeof origin === "function" ? origin.apply(this, arguments) : origin);
    return clipType(d);
  };

  var clipType = d3_geo_type({

    FeatureCollection: function(o) {
      var features = o.features.map(clipType).filter(d3_identity);
      return features && (o = Object.create(o), o.features = features, o);
    },

    Feature: function(o) {
      var geometry = clipType(o.geometry);
      return geometry && (o = Object.create(o), o.geometry = geometry, o);
    },

    Point: function(o) {
      return visible(o.coordinates) && o;
    },

    MultiPoint: function(o) {
      var coordinates = o.coordinates.filter(visible);
      return coordinates.length && {
        type: o.type,
        coordinates: coordinates
      };
    },

    LineString: function(o) {
      var coordinates = clip(o.coordinates);
      return coordinates.length && (o = Object.create(o), o.coordinates = coordinates, o);
    },

    MultiLineString: function(o) {
      var coordinates = o.coordinates.map(clip).filter(function(d) { return d.length; });
      return coordinates.length && (o = Object.create(o), o.coordinates = coordinates, o);
    },

    Polygon: function(o) {
      var coordinates = o.coordinates.map(clip);
      return coordinates[0].length && (o = Object.create(o), o.coordinates = coordinates, o);
    },

    MultiPolygon: function(o) {
      var coordinates = o.coordinates.map(function(d) { return d.map(clip); }).filter(function(d) { return d[0].length; });
      return coordinates.length && (o = Object.create(o), o.coordinates = coordinates, o);
    },

    GeometryCollection: function(o) {
      var geometries = o.geometries.map(clipType).filter(d3_identity);
      return geometries.length && (o = Object.create(o), o.geometries = geometries, o);
    }

  });

  function clip(coordinates) {
    var i = -1,
        n = coordinates.length,
        clipped = [],
        p0,
        p1,
        p2,
        d0,
        d1;

    while (++i < n) {
      d1 = arc.distance(p2 = coordinates[i]);
      if (d1 < radians) {
        if (p1) clipped.push(d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(p1, p2)((d0 - radians) / (d0 - d1)));
        clipped.push(p2);
        p0 = p1 = null;
      } else {
        p1 = p2;
        if (!p0 && clipped.length) {
          clipped.push(d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(clipped[clipped.length - 1], p1)((radians - d0) / (d1 - d0)));
          p0 = p1;
        }
      }
      d0 = d1;
    }

    if (p1 && clipped.length) {
      d1 = arc.distance(p2 = clipped[0]);
      clipped.push(d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(p1, p2)((d0 - radians) / (d0 - d1)));
    }

    return resample(clipped);
  }

  // Resample coordinates, creating great arcs between each.
  function resample(coordinates) {
    var i = 0,
        n = coordinates.length,
        j,
        m,
        resampled = n ? [coordinates[0]] : coordinates,
        resamples,
        origin = arc.source();

    while (++i < n) {
      resamples = arc.source(coordinates[i - 1])(coordinates[i]).coordinates;
      for (j = 0, m = resamples.length; ++j < m;) resampled.push(resamples[j]);
    }

    arc.source(origin);
    return resampled;
  }

  circle.origin = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return origin;
    origin = x;
    return circle;
  };

  circle.angle = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return degrees;
    radians = (degrees = +x) * d3_geo_radians;
    return circle;
  };

  // Precision is specified in degrees.
  circle.precision = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return arc.precision();
    arc.precision(x);
    return circle;
  };

  return circle;
}
d3.geo.greatArc = function() {
  var source = d3_geo_greatArcSource,
      target = d3_geo_greatArcTarget,
      precision = 6 * d3_geo_radians;

  function greatArc() {
    var a = typeof source === "function" ? source.apply(this, arguments) : source,
        b = typeof target === "function" ? target.apply(this, arguments) : target,
        i = d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(a, b),
        dt = precision / i.d,
        t = 0,
        coordinates = [a];
    while ((t += dt) < 1) coordinates.push(i(t));
    coordinates.push(b);
    return {
      type: "LineString",
      coordinates: coordinates
    };
  }

  // Length returned in radians; multiply by radius for distance.
  greatArc.distance = function() {
    var a = typeof source === "function" ? source.apply(this, arguments) : source,
        b = typeof target === "function" ? target.apply(this, arguments) : target;
     return d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(a, b).d;
  };

  greatArc.source = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return source;
    source = x;
    return greatArc;
  };

  greatArc.target = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return target;
    target = x;
    return greatArc;
  };

  // Precision is specified in degrees.
  greatArc.precision = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return precision / d3_geo_radians;
    precision = x * d3_geo_radians;
    return greatArc;
  };

  return greatArc;
};

function d3_geo_greatArcSource(d) {
  return d.source;
}

function d3_geo_greatArcTarget(d) {
  return d.target;
}

function d3_geo_greatArcInterpolate(a, b) {
  var x0 = a[0] * d3_geo_radians, cx0 = Math.cos(x0), sx0 = Math.sin(x0),
      y0 = a[1] * d3_geo_radians, cy0 = Math.cos(y0), sy0 = Math.sin(y0),
      x1 = b[0] * d3_geo_radians, cx1 = Math.cos(x1), sx1 = Math.sin(x1),
      y1 = b[1] * d3_geo_radians, cy1 = Math.cos(y1), sy1 = Math.sin(y1),
      d = interpolate.d = Math.acos(Math.max(-1, Math.min(1, sy0 * sy1 + cy0 * cy1 * Math.cos(x1 - x0)))),
      sd = Math.sin(d);

  // From http://williams.best.vwh.net/avform.htm#Intermediate
  function interpolate(t) {
    var A = Math.sin(d - (t *= d)) / sd,
        B = Math.sin(t) / sd,
        x = A * cy0 * cx0 + B * cy1 * cx1,
        y = A * cy0 * sx0 + B * cy1 * sx1,
        z = A * sy0       + B * sy1;
    return [
      Math.atan2(y, x) / d3_geo_radians,
      Math.atan2(z, Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y)) / d3_geo_radians
    ];
  }

  return interpolate;
}
d3.geo.greatCircle = d3.geo.circle;
d3.geom = {};
/**
 * Computes a contour for a given input grid function using the <a
 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marching_squares">marching
 * squares</a> algorithm. Returns the contour polygon as an array of points.
 *
 * @param grid a two-input function(x, y) that returns true for values
 * inside the contour and false for values outside the contour.
 * @param start an optional starting point [x, y] on the grid.
 * @returns polygon [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …]
 */
d3.geom.contour = function(grid, start) {
  var s = start || d3_geom_contourStart(grid), // starting point
      c = [],    // contour polygon
      x = s[0],  // current x position
      y = s[1],  // current y position
      dx = 0,    // next x direction
      dy = 0,    // next y direction
      pdx = NaN, // previous x direction
      pdy = NaN, // previous y direction
      i = 0;

  do {
    // determine marching squares index
    i = 0;
    if (grid(x-1, y-1)) i += 1;
    if (grid(x,   y-1)) i += 2;
    if (grid(x-1, y  )) i += 4;
    if (grid(x,   y  )) i += 8;

    // determine next direction
    if (i === 6) {
      dx = pdy === -1 ? -1 : 1;
      dy = 0;
    } else if (i === 9) {
      dx = 0;
      dy = pdx === 1 ? -1 : 1;
    } else {
      dx = d3_geom_contourDx[i];
      dy = d3_geom_contourDy[i];
    }

    // update contour polygon
    if (dx != pdx && dy != pdy) {
      c.push([x, y]);
      pdx = dx;
      pdy = dy;
    }

    x += dx;
    y += dy;
  } while (s[0] != x || s[1] != y);

  return c;
};

// lookup tables for marching directions
var d3_geom_contourDx = [1, 0, 1, 1,-1, 0,-1, 1,0, 0,0,0,-1, 0,-1,NaN],
    d3_geom_contourDy = [0,-1, 0, 0, 0,-1, 0, 0,1,-1,1,1, 0,-1, 0,NaN];

function d3_geom_contourStart(grid) {
  var x = 0,
      y = 0;

  // search for a starting point; begin at origin
  // and proceed along outward-expanding diagonals
  while (true) {
    if (grid(x,y)) {
      return [x,y];
    }
    if (x === 0) {
      x = y + 1;
      y = 0;
    } else {
      x = x - 1;
      y = y + 1;
    }
  }
}
/**
 * Computes the 2D convex hull of a set of points using Graham's scanning
 * algorithm. The algorithm has been implemented as described in Cormen,
 * Leiserson, and Rivest's Introduction to Algorithms. The running time of
 * this algorithm is O(n log n), where n is the number of input points.
 *
 * @param vertices [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …]
 * @returns polygon [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …]
 */
d3.geom.hull = function(vertices) {
  if (vertices.length < 3) return [];

  var len = vertices.length,
      plen = len - 1,
      points = [],
      stack = [],
      i, j, h = 0, x1, y1, x2, y2, u, v, a, sp;

  // find the starting ref point: leftmost point with the minimum y coord
  for (i=1; i<len; ++i) {
    if (vertices[i][1] < vertices[h][1]) {
      h = i;
    } else if (vertices[i][1] == vertices[h][1]) {
      h = (vertices[i][0] < vertices[h][0] ? i : h);
    }
  }

  // calculate polar angles from ref point and sort
  for (i=0; i<len; ++i) {
    if (i === h) continue;
    y1 = vertices[i][1] - vertices[h][1];
    x1 = vertices[i][0] - vertices[h][0];
    points.push({angle: Math.atan2(y1, x1), index: i});
  }
  points.sort(function(a, b) { return a.angle - b.angle; });

  // toss out duplicate angles
  a = points[0].angle;
  v = points[0].index;
  u = 0;
  for (i=1; i<plen; ++i) {
    j = points[i].index;
    if (a == points[i].angle) {
      // keep angle for point most distant from the reference
      x1 = vertices[v][0] - vertices[h][0];
      y1 = vertices[v][1] - vertices[h][1];
      x2 = vertices[j][0] - vertices[h][0];
      y2 = vertices[j][1] - vertices[h][1];
      if ((x1*x1 + y1*y1) >= (x2*x2 + y2*y2)) {
        points[i].index = -1;
      } else {
        points[u].index = -1;
        a = points[i].angle;
        u = i;
        v = j;
      }
    } else {
      a = points[i].angle;
      u = i;
      v = j;
    }
  }

  // initialize the stack
  stack.push(h);
  for (i=0, j=0; i<2; ++j) {
    if (points[j].index !== -1) {
      stack.push(points[j].index);
      i++;
    }
  }
  sp = stack.length;

  // do graham's scan
  for (; j<plen; ++j) {
    if (points[j].index === -1) continue; // skip tossed out points
    while (!d3_geom_hullCCW(stack[sp-2], stack[sp-1], points[j].index, vertices)) {
      --sp;
    }
    stack[sp++] = points[j].index;
  }

  // construct the hull
  var poly = [];
  for (i=0; i<sp; ++i) {
    poly.push(vertices[stack[i]]);
  }
  return poly;
}

// are three points in counter-clockwise order?
function d3_geom_hullCCW(i1, i2, i3, v) {
  var t, a, b, c, d, e, f;
  t = v[i1]; a = t[0]; b = t[1];
  t = v[i2]; c = t[0]; d = t[1];
  t = v[i3]; e = t[0]; f = t[1];
  return ((f-b)*(c-a) - (d-b)*(e-a)) > 0;
}
// Note: requires coordinates to be counterclockwise and convex!
d3.geom.polygon = function(coordinates) {

  coordinates.area = function() {
    var i = 0,
        n = coordinates.length,
        a = coordinates[n - 1][0] * coordinates[0][1],
        b = coordinates[n - 1][1] * coordinates[0][0];
    while (++i < n) {
      a += coordinates[i - 1][0] * coordinates[i][1];
      b += coordinates[i - 1][1] * coordinates[i][0];
    }
    return (b - a) * .5;
  };

  coordinates.centroid = function(k) {
    var i = -1,
        n = coordinates.length,
        x = 0,
        y = 0,
        a,
        b = coordinates[n - 1],
        c;
    if (!arguments.length) k = -1 / (6 * coordinates.area());
    while (++i < n) {
      a = b;
      b = coordinates[i];
      c = a[0] * b[1] - b[0] * a[1];
      x += (a[0] + b[0]) * c;
      y += (a[1] + b[1]) * c;
    }
    return [x * k, y * k];
  };

  // The Sutherland-Hodgman clipping algorithm.
  coordinates.clip = function(subject) {
    var input,
        i = -1,
        n = coordinates.length,
        j,
        m,
        a = coordinates[n - 1],
        b,
        c,
        d;
    while (++i < n) {
      input = subject.slice();
      subject.length = 0;
      b = coordinates[i];
      c = input[(m = input.length) - 1];
      j = -1;
      while (++j < m) {
        d = input[j];
        if (d3_geom_polygonInside(d, a, b)) {
          if (!d3_geom_polygonInside(c, a, b)) {
            subject.push(d3_geom_polygonIntersect(c, d, a, b));
          }
          subject.push(d);
        } else if (d3_geom_polygonInside(c, a, b)) {
          subject.push(d3_geom_polygonIntersect(c, d, a, b));
        }
        c = d;
      }
      a = b;
    }
    return subject;
  };

  return coordinates;
};

function d3_geom_polygonInside(p, a, b) {
  return (b[0] - a[0]) * (p[1] - a[1]) < (b[1] - a[1]) * (p[0] - a[0]);
}

// Intersect two infinite lines cd and ab.
function d3_geom_polygonIntersect(c, d, a, b) {
  var x1 = c[0], x2 = d[0], x3 = a[0], x4 = b[0],
      y1 = c[1], y2 = d[1], y3 = a[1], y4 = b[1],
      x13 = x1 - x3,
      x21 = x2 - x1,
      x43 = x4 - x3,
      y13 = y1 - y3,
      y21 = y2 - y1,
      y43 = y4 - y3,
      ua = (x43 * y13 - y43 * x13) / (y43 * x21 - x43 * y21);
  return [x1 + ua * x21, y1 + ua * y21];
}
// Adapted from Nicolas Garcia Belmonte's JIT implementation:
// http://blog.thejit.org/2010/02/12/voronoi-tessellation/
// http://blog.thejit.org/assets/voronoijs/voronoi.js
// See lib/jit/LICENSE for details.

// Notes:
//
// This implementation does not clip the returned polygons, so if you want to
// clip them to a particular shape you will need to do that either in SVG or by
// post-processing with d3.geom.polygon's clip method.
//
// If any vertices are coincident or have NaN positions, the behavior of this
// method is undefined. Most likely invalid polygons will be returned. You
// should filter invalid points, and consolidate coincident points, before
// computing the tessellation.

/**
 * @param vertices [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …]
 * @returns polygons [[[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …], …]
 */
d3.geom.voronoi = function(vertices) {
  var polygons = vertices.map(function() { return []; });

  d3_voronoi_tessellate(vertices, function(e) {
    var s1,
        s2,
        x1,
        x2,
        y1,
        y2;
    if (e.a === 1 && e.b >= 0) {
      s1 = e.ep.r;
      s2 = e.ep.l;
    } else {
      s1 = e.ep.l;
      s2 = e.ep.r;
    }
    if (e.a === 1) {
      y1 = s1 ? s1.y : -1e6;
      x1 = e.c - e.b * y1;
      y2 = s2 ? s2.y : 1e6;
      x2 = e.c - e.b * y2;
    } else {
      x1 = s1 ? s1.x : -1e6;
      y1 = e.c - e.a * x1;
      x2 = s2 ? s2.x : 1e6;
      y2 = e.c - e.a * x2;
    }
    var v1 = [x1, y1],
        v2 = [x2, y2];
    polygons[e.region.l.index].push(v1, v2);
    polygons[e.region.r.index].push(v1, v2);
  });

  // Reconnect the polygon segments into counterclockwise loops.
  return polygons.map(function(polygon, i) {
    var cx = vertices[i][0],
        cy = vertices[i][1];
    polygon.forEach(function(v) {
      v.angle = Math.atan2(v[0] - cx, v[1] - cy);
    });
    return polygon.sort(function(a, b) {
      return a.angle - b.angle;
    }).filter(function(d, i) {
      return !i || (d.angle - polygon[i - 1].angle > 1e-10);
    });
  });
};

var d3_voronoi_opposite = {"l": "r", "r": "l"};

function d3_voronoi_tessellate(vertices, callback) {

  var Sites = {
    list: vertices
      .map(function(v, i) {
        return {
          index: i,
          x: v[0],
          y: v[1]
        };
      })
      .sort(function(a, b) {
        return a.y < b.y ? -1
          : a.y > b.y ? 1
          : a.x < b.x ? -1
          : a.x > b.x ? 1
          : 0;
      }),
    bottomSite: null
  };

  var EdgeList = {
    list: [],
    leftEnd: null,
    rightEnd: null,

    init: function() {
      EdgeList.leftEnd = EdgeList.createHalfEdge(null, "l");
      EdgeList.rightEnd = EdgeList.createHalfEdge(null, "l");
      EdgeList.leftEnd.r = EdgeList.rightEnd;
      EdgeList.rightEnd.l = EdgeList.leftEnd;
      EdgeList.list.unshift(EdgeList.leftEnd, EdgeList.rightEnd);
    },

    createHalfEdge: function(edge, side) {
      return {
        edge: edge,
        side: side,
        vertex: null,
        "l": null,
        "r": null
      };
    },

    insert: function(lb, he) {
      he.l = lb;
      he.r = lb.r;
      lb.r.l = he;
      lb.r = he;
    },

    leftBound: function(p) {
      var he = EdgeList.leftEnd;
      do {
        he = he.r;
      } while (he != EdgeList.rightEnd && Geom.rightOf(he, p));
      he = he.l;
      return he;
    },

    del: function(he) {
      he.l.r = he.r;
      he.r.l = he.l;
      he.edge = null;
    },

    right: function(he) {
      return he.r;
    },

    left: function(he) {
      return he.l;
    },

    leftRegion: function(he) {
      return he.edge == null
          ? Sites.bottomSite
          : he.edge.region[he.side];
    },

    rightRegion: function(he) {
      return he.edge == null
          ? Sites.bottomSite
          : he.edge.region[d3_voronoi_opposite[he.side]];
    }
  };

  var Geom = {

    bisect: function(s1, s2) {
      var newEdge = {
        region: {"l": s1, "r": s2},
        ep: {"l": null, "r": null}
      };

      var dx = s2.x - s1.x,
          dy = s2.y - s1.y,
          adx = dx > 0 ? dx : -dx,
          ady = dy > 0 ? dy : -dy;

      newEdge.c = s1.x * dx + s1.y * dy
          + (dx * dx + dy * dy) * .5;

      if (adx > ady) {
        newEdge.a = 1;
        newEdge.b = dy / dx;
        newEdge.c /= dx;
      } else {
        newEdge.b = 1;
        newEdge.a = dx / dy;
        newEdge.c /= dy;
      }

      return newEdge;
    },

    intersect: function(el1, el2) {
      var e1 = el1.edge,
          e2 = el2.edge;
      if (!e1 || !e2 || (e1.region.r == e2.region.r)) {
        return null;
      }
      var d = (e1.a * e2.b) - (e1.b * e2.a);
      if (Math.abs(d) < 1e-10) {
        return null;
      }
      var xint = (e1.c * e2.b - e2.c * e1.b) / d,
          yint = (e2.c * e1.a - e1.c * e2.a) / d,
          e1r = e1.region.r,
          e2r = e2.region.r,
          el,
          e;
      if ((e1r.y < e2r.y) ||
         (e1r.y == e2r.y && e1r.x < e2r.x)) {
        el = el1;
        e = e1;
      } else {
        el = el2;
        e = e2;
      }
      var rightOfSite = (xint >= e.region.r.x);
      if ((rightOfSite && (el.side === "l")) ||
        (!rightOfSite && (el.side === "r"))) {
        return null;
      }
      return {
        x: xint,
        y: yint
      };
    },

    rightOf: function(he, p) {
      var e = he.edge,
          topsite = e.region.r,
          rightOfSite = (p.x > topsite.x);

      if (rightOfSite && (he.side === "l")) {
        return 1;
      }
      if (!rightOfSite && (he.side === "r")) {
        return 0;
      }
      if (e.a === 1) {
        var dyp = p.y - topsite.y,
            dxp = p.x - topsite.x,
            fast = 0,
            above = 0;

        if ((!rightOfSite && (e.b < 0)) ||
          (rightOfSite && (e.b >= 0))) {
          above = fast = (dyp >= e.b * dxp);
        } else {
          above = ((p.x + p.y * e.b) > e.c);
          if (e.b < 0) {
            above = !above;
          }
          if (!above) {
            fast = 1;
          }
        }
        if (!fast) {
          var dxs = topsite.x - e.region.l.x;
          above = (e.b * (dxp * dxp - dyp * dyp)) <
            (dxs * dyp * (1 + 2 * dxp / dxs + e.b * e.b));

          if (e.b < 0) {
            above = !above;
          }
        }
      } else /* e.b == 1 */ {
        var yl = e.c - e.a * p.x,
            t1 = p.y - yl,
            t2 = p.x - topsite.x,
            t3 = yl - topsite.y;

        above = (t1 * t1) > (t2 * t2 + t3 * t3);
      }
      return he.side === "l" ? above : !above;
    },

    endPoint: function(edge, side, site) {
      edge.ep[side] = site;
      if (!edge.ep[d3_voronoi_opposite[side]]) return;
      callback(edge);
    },

    distance: function(s, t) {
      var dx = s.x - t.x,
          dy = s.y - t.y;
      return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
    }
  };

  var EventQueue = {
    list: [],

    insert: function(he, site, offset) {
      he.vertex = site;
      he.ystar = site.y + offset;
      for (var i=0, list=EventQueue.list, l=list.length; i<l; i++) {
        var next = list[i];
        if (he.ystar > next.ystar ||
          (he.ystar == next.ystar &&
          site.x > next.vertex.x)) {
          continue;
        } else {
          break;
        }
      }
      list.splice(i, 0, he);
    },

    del: function(he) {
      for (var i=0, ls=EventQueue.list, l=ls.length; i<l && (ls[i] != he); ++i) {}
      ls.splice(i, 1);
    },

    empty: function() { return EventQueue.list.length === 0; },

    nextEvent: function(he) {
      for (var i=0, ls=EventQueue.list, l=ls.length; i<l; ++i) {
        if (ls[i] == he) return ls[i+1];
      }
      return null;
    },

    min: function() {
      var elem = EventQueue.list[0];
      return {
        x: elem.vertex.x,
        y: elem.ystar
      };
    },

    extractMin: function() {
      return EventQueue.list.shift();
    }
  };

  EdgeList.init();
  Sites.bottomSite = Sites.list.shift();

  var newSite = Sites.list.shift(), newIntStar;
  var lbnd, rbnd, llbnd, rrbnd, bisector;
  var bot, top, temp, p, v;
  var e, pm;

  while (true) {
    if (!EventQueue.empty()) {
      newIntStar = EventQueue.min();
    }
    if (newSite && (EventQueue.empty()
      || newSite.y < newIntStar.y
      || (newSite.y == newIntStar.y
      && newSite.x < newIntStar.x))) { //new site is smallest
      lbnd = EdgeList.leftBound(newSite);
      rbnd = EdgeList.right(lbnd);
      bot = EdgeList.rightRegion(lbnd);
      e = Geom.bisect(bot, newSite);
      bisector = EdgeList.createHalfEdge(e, "l");
      EdgeList.insert(lbnd, bisector);
      p = Geom.intersect(lbnd, bisector);
      if (p) {
        EventQueue.del(lbnd);
        EventQueue.insert(lbnd, p, Geom.distance(p, newSite));
      }
      lbnd = bisector;
      bisector = EdgeList.createHalfEdge(e, "r");
      EdgeList.insert(lbnd, bisector);
      p = Geom.intersect(bisector, rbnd);
      if (p) {
        EventQueue.insert(bisector, p, Geom.distance(p, newSite));
      }
      newSite = Sites.list.shift();
    } else if (!EventQueue.empty()) { //intersection is smallest
      lbnd = EventQueue.extractMin();
      llbnd = EdgeList.left(lbnd);
      rbnd = EdgeList.right(lbnd);
      rrbnd = EdgeList.right(rbnd);
      bot = EdgeList.leftRegion(lbnd);
      top = EdgeList.rightRegion(rbnd);
      v = lbnd.vertex;
      Geom.endPoint(lbnd.edge, lbnd.side, v);
      Geom.endPoint(rbnd.edge, rbnd.side, v);
      EdgeList.del(lbnd);
      EventQueue.del(rbnd);
      EdgeList.del(rbnd);
      pm = "l";
      if (bot.y > top.y) {
        temp = bot;
        bot = top;
        top = temp;
        pm = "r";
      }
      e = Geom.bisect(bot, top);
      bisector = EdgeList.createHalfEdge(e, pm);
      EdgeList.insert(llbnd, bisector);
      Geom.endPoint(e, d3_voronoi_opposite[pm], v);
      p = Geom.intersect(llbnd, bisector);
      if (p) {
        EventQueue.del(llbnd);
        EventQueue.insert(llbnd, p, Geom.distance(p, bot));
      }
      p = Geom.intersect(bisector, rrbnd);
      if (p) {
        EventQueue.insert(bisector, p, Geom.distance(p, bot));
      }
    } else {
      break;
    }
  }//end while

  for (lbnd = EdgeList.right(EdgeList.leftEnd);
      lbnd != EdgeList.rightEnd;
      lbnd = EdgeList.right(lbnd)) {
    callback(lbnd.edge);
  }
}
/**
* @param vertices [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], …]
* @returns triangles [[[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y3]], …]
 */
d3.geom.delaunay = function(vertices) {
  var edges = vertices.map(function() { return []; }),
      triangles = [];

  // Use the Voronoi tessellation to determine Delaunay edges.
  d3_voronoi_tessellate(vertices, function(e) {
    edges[e.region.l.index].push(vertices[e.region.r.index]);
  });

  // Reconnect the edges into counterclockwise triangles.
  edges.forEach(function(edge, i) {
    var v = vertices[i],
        cx = v[0],
        cy = v[1];
    edge.forEach(function(v) {
      v.angle = Math.atan2(v[0] - cx, v[1] - cy);
    });
    edge.sort(function(a, b) {
      return a.angle - b.angle;
    });
    for (var j = 0, m = edge.length - 1; j < m; j++) {
      triangles.push([v, edge[j], edge[j + 1]]);
    }
  });

  return triangles;
};
// Constructs a new quadtree for the specified array of points. A quadtree is a
// two-dimensional recursive spatial subdivision. This implementation uses
// square partitions, dividing each square into four equally-sized squares. Each
// point exists in a unique node; if multiple points are in the same position,
// some points may be stored on internal nodes rather than leaf nodes. Quadtrees
// can be used to accelerate various spatial operations, such as the Barnes-Hut
// approximation for computing n-body forces, or collision detection.
d3.geom.quadtree = function(points, x1, y1, x2, y2) {
  var p,
      i = -1,
      n = points.length;

  // Type conversion for deprecated API.
  if (n && isNaN(points[0].x)) points = points.map(d3_geom_quadtreePoint);

  // Allow bounds to be specified explicitly.
  if (arguments.length < 5) {
    if (arguments.length === 3) {
      y2 = x2 = y1;
      y1 = x1;
    } else {
      x1 = y1 = Infinity;
      x2 = y2 = -Infinity;

      // Compute bounds.
      while (++i < n) {
        p = points[i];
        if (p.x < x1) x1 = p.x;
        if (p.y < y1) y1 = p.y;
        if (p.x > x2) x2 = p.x;
        if (p.y > y2) y2 = p.y;
      }

      // Squarify the bounds.
      var dx = x2 - x1,
          dy = y2 - y1;
      if (dx > dy) y2 = y1 + dx;
      else x2 = x1 + dy;
    }
  }

  // Recursively inserts the specified point p at the node n or one of its
  // descendants. The bounds are defined by [x1, x2] and [y1, y2].
  function insert(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2) {
    if (isNaN(p.x) || isNaN(p.y)) return; // ignore invalid points
    if (n.leaf) {
      var v = n.point;
      if (v) {
        // If the point at this leaf node is at the same position as the new
        // point we are adding, we leave the point associated with the
        // internal node while adding the new point to a child node. This
        // avoids infinite recursion.
        if ((Math.abs(v.x - p.x) + Math.abs(v.y - p.y)) < .01) {
          insertChild(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2);
        } else {
          n.point = null;
          insertChild(n, v, x1, y1, x2, y2);
          insertChild(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
      } else {
        n.point = p;
      }
    } else {
      insertChild(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2);
    }
  }

  // Recursively inserts the specified point p into a descendant of node n. The
  // bounds are defined by [x1, x2] and [y1, y2].
  function insertChild(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2) {
    // Compute the split point, and the quadrant in which to insert p.
    var sx = (x1 + x2) * .5,
        sy = (y1 + y2) * .5,
        right = p.x >= sx,
        bottom = p.y >= sy,
        i = (bottom << 1) + right;

    // Recursively insert into the child node.
    n.leaf = false;
    n = n.nodes[i] || (n.nodes[i] = d3_geom_quadtreeNode());

    // Update the bounds as we recurse.
    if (right) x1 = sx; else x2 = sx;
    if (bottom) y1 = sy; else y2 = sy;
    insert(n, p, x1, y1, x2, y2);
  }

  // Create the root node.
  var root = d3_geom_quadtreeNode();

  root.add = function(p) {
    insert(root, p, x1, y1, x2, y2);
  };

  root.visit = function(f) {
    d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, root, x1, y1, x2, y2);
  };

  // Insert all points.
  points.forEach(root.add);
  return root;
};

function d3_geom_quadtreeNode() {
  return {
    leaf: true,
    nodes: [],
    point: null
  };
}

function d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, node, x1, y1, x2, y2) {
  if (!f(node, x1, y1, x2, y2)) {
    var sx = (x1 + x2) * .5,
        sy = (y1 + y2) * .5,
        children = node.nodes;
    if (children[0]) d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, children[0], x1, y1, sx, sy);
    if (children[1]) d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, children[1], sx, y1, x2, sy);
    if (children[2]) d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, children[2], x1, sy, sx, y2);
    if (children[3]) d3_geom_quadtreeVisit(f, children[3], sx, sy, x2, y2);
  }
}

function d3_geom_quadtreePoint(p) {
  return {
    x: p[0],
    y: p[1]
  };
}
d3.time = {};

var d3_time = Date;

function d3_time_utc() {
  this._ = new Date(arguments.length > 1
      ? Date.UTC.apply(this, arguments)
      : arguments[0]);
}

d3_time_utc.prototype = {
  getDate: function() { return this._.getUTCDate(); },
  getDay: function() { return this._.getUTCDay(); },
  getFullYear: function() { return this._.getUTCFullYear(); },
  getHours: function() { return this._.getUTCHours(); },
  getMilliseconds: function() { return this._.getUTCMilliseconds(); },
  getMinutes: function() { return this._.getUTCMinutes(); },
  getMonth: function() { return this._.getUTCMonth(); },
  getSeconds: function() { return this._.getUTCSeconds(); },
  getTime: function() { return this._.getTime(); },
  getTimezoneOffset: function() { return 0; },
  valueOf: function() { return this._.valueOf(); },
  setDate: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCDate.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setDay: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCDay.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setFullYear: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCFullYear.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setHours: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCHours.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setMilliseconds: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCMilliseconds.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setMinutes: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCMinutes.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setMonth: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCMonth.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setSeconds: function() { d3_time_prototype.setUTCSeconds.apply(this._, arguments); },
  setTime: function() { d3_time_prototype.setTime.apply(this._, arguments); }
};

var d3_time_prototype = Date.prototype;
d3.time.format = function(template) {
  var n = template.length;

  function format(date) {
    var string = [],
        i = -1,
        j = 0,
        c,
        f;
    while (++i < n) {
      if (template.charCodeAt(i) == 37) {
        string.push(
            template.substring(j, i),
            (f = d3_time_formats[c = template.charAt(++i)])
            ? f(date) : c);
        j = i + 1;
      }
    }
    string.push(template.substring(j, i));
    return string.join("");
  }

  format.parse = function(string) {
    var d = {y: 1900, m: 0, d: 1, H: 0, M: 0, S: 0, L: 0},
        i = d3_time_parse(d, template, string, 0);
    if (i != string.length) return null;

    // The am-pm flag is 0 for AM, and 1 for PM.
    if ("p" in d) d.H = d.H % 12 + d.p * 12;

    var date = new d3_time();
    date.setFullYear(d.y, d.m, d.d);
    date.setHours(d.H, d.M, d.S, d.L);
    return date;
  };

  format.toString = function() {
    return template;
  };

  return format;
};

function d3_time_parse(date, template, string, j) {
  var c,
      p,
      i = 0,
      n = template.length,
      m = string.length;
  while (i < n) {
    if (j >= m) return -1;
    c = template.charCodeAt(i++);
    if (c == 37) {
      p = d3_time_parsers[template.charAt(i++)];
      if (!p || ((j = p(date, string, j)) < 0)) return -1;
    } else if (c != string.charCodeAt(j++)) {
      return -1;
    }
  }
  return j;
}

var d3_time_zfill2 = d3.format("02d"),
    d3_time_zfill3 = d3.format("03d"),
    d3_time_zfill4 = d3.format("04d"),
    d3_time_sfill2 = d3.format("2d");

var d3_time_formats = {
  a: function(d) { return d3_time_weekdays[d.getDay()].substring(0, 3); },
  A: function(d) { return d3_time_weekdays[d.getDay()]; },
  b: function(d) { return d3_time_months[d.getMonth()].substring(0, 3); },
  B: function(d) { return d3_time_months[d.getMonth()]; },
  c: d3.time.format("%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y"),
  d: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getDate()); },
  e: function(d) { return d3_time_sfill2(d.getDate()); },
  H: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getHours()); },
  I: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getHours() % 12 || 12); },
  j: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill3(1 + d3.time.dayOfYear(d)); },
  L: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill3(d.getMilliseconds()); },
  m: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getMonth() + 1); },
  M: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getMinutes()); },
  p: function(d) { return d.getHours() >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM"; },
  S: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getSeconds()); },
  U: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d3.time.sundayOfYear(d)); },
  w: function(d) { return d.getDay(); },
  W: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d3.time.mondayOfYear(d)); },
  x: d3.time.format("%m/%d/%y"),
  X: d3.time.format("%H:%M:%S"),
  y: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill2(d.getFullYear() % 100); },
  Y: function(d) { return d3_time_zfill4(d.getFullYear() % 10000); },
  Z: d3_time_zone,
  "%": function(d) { return "%"; }
};

var d3_time_parsers = {
  a: d3_time_parseWeekdayAbbrev,
  A: d3_time_parseWeekday,
  b: d3_time_parseMonthAbbrev,
  B: d3_time_parseMonth,
  c: d3_time_parseLocaleFull,
  d: d3_time_parseDay,
  e: d3_time_parseDay,
  H: d3_time_parseHour24,
  I: d3_time_parseHour24,
  // j: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO day of year [001,366] */ return i; },
  L: d3_time_parseMilliseconds,
  m: d3_time_parseMonthNumber,
  M: d3_time_parseMinutes,
  p: d3_time_parseAmPm,
  S: d3_time_parseSeconds,
  // U: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO week number (sunday) [00,53] */ return i; },
  // w: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO weekday [0,6] */ return i; },
  // W: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO week number (monday) [00,53] */ return i; },
  x: d3_time_parseLocaleDate,
  X: d3_time_parseLocaleTime,
  y: d3_time_parseYear,
  Y: d3_time_parseFullYear
  // ,
  // Z: function(d, s, i) { /*TODO time zone */ return i; },
  // "%": function(d, s, i) { /*TODO literal % */ return i; }
};

// Note: weekday is validated, but does not set the date.
function d3_time_parseWeekdayAbbrev(date, string, i) {
  return d3_time_weekdayAbbrevRe.test(string.substring(i, i += 3)) ? i : -1;
}

// Note: weekday is validated, but does not set the date.
function d3_time_parseWeekday(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_weekdayRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_weekdayRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 10));
  return n ? i += n[0].length : -1;
}

var d3_time_weekdayAbbrevRe = /^(?:sun|mon|tue|wed|thu|fri|sat)/i,
    d3_time_weekdayRe = /^(?:Sunday|Monday|Tuesday|Wednesday|Thursday|Friday|Saturday)/i,
    d3_time_weekdays = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"];

function d3_time_parseMonthAbbrev(date, string, i) {
  var n = d3_time_monthAbbrevLookup.get(string.substring(i, i += 3).toLowerCase());
  return n == null ? -1 : (date.m = n, i);
}

var d3_time_monthAbbrevLookup = d3.map({
  jan: 0,
  feb: 1,
  mar: 2,
  apr: 3,
  may: 4,
  jun: 5,
  jul: 6,
  aug: 7,
  sep: 8,
  oct: 9,
  nov: 10,
  dec: 11
});

function d3_time_parseMonth(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_monthRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_monthRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 12));
  return n ? (date.m = d3_time_monthLookup.get(n[0].toLowerCase()), i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

var d3_time_monthRe = /^(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)/ig;

var d3_time_monthLookup = d3.map({
  january: 0,
  february: 1,
  march: 2,
  april: 3,
  may: 4,
  june: 5,
  july: 6,
  august: 7,
  september: 8,
  october: 9,
  november: 10,
  december: 11
});

var d3_time_months = [
  "January",
  "February",
  "March",
  "April",
  "May",
  "June",
  "July",
  "August",
  "September",
  "October",
  "November",
  "December"
];

function d3_time_parseLocaleFull(date, string, i) {
  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.c.toString(), string, i);
}

function d3_time_parseLocaleDate(date, string, i) {
  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.x.toString(), string, i);
}

function d3_time_parseLocaleTime(date, string, i) {
  return d3_time_parse(date, d3_time_formats.X.toString(), string, i);
}

function d3_time_parseFullYear(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 4));
  return n ? (date.y = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_parseYear(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.y = d3_time_century() + +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_century() {
  return ~~(new Date().getFullYear() / 1000) * 1000;
}

function d3_time_parseMonthNumber(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.m = n[0] - 1, i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_parseDay(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.d = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

// Note: we don't validate that the hour is in the range [0,23] or [1,12].
function d3_time_parseHour24(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.H = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_parseMinutes(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.M = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_parseSeconds(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 2));
  return n ? (date.S = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

function d3_time_parseMilliseconds(date, string, i) {
  d3_time_numberRe.lastIndex = 0;
  var n = d3_time_numberRe.exec(string.substring(i, i + 3));
  return n ? (date.L = +n[0], i += n[0].length) : -1;
}

// Note: we don't look at the next directive.
var d3_time_numberRe = /\s*\d+/;

function d3_time_parseAmPm(date, string, i) {
  var n = d3_time_amPmLookup.get(string.substring(i, i += 2).toLowerCase());
  return n == null ? -1 : (date.p = n, i);
}

var d3_time_amPmLookup = d3.map({
  am: 0,
  pm: 1
});

// TODO table of time zone offset names?
function d3_time_zone(d) {
  var z = d.getTimezoneOffset(),
      zs = z > 0 ? "-" : "+",
      zh = ~~(Math.abs(z) / 60),
      zm = Math.abs(z) % 60;
  return zs + d3_time_zfill2(zh) + d3_time_zfill2(zm);
}
d3.time.format.utc = function(template) {
  var local = d3.time.format(template);

  function format(date) {
    try {
      d3_time = d3_time_utc;
      var utc = new d3_time();
      utc._ = date;
      return local(utc);
    } finally {
      d3_time = Date;
    }
  }

  format.parse = function(string) {
    try {
      d3_time = d3_time_utc;
      var date = local.parse(string);
      return date && date._;
    } finally {
      d3_time = Date;
    }
  };

  format.toString = local.toString;

  return format;
};
var d3_time_formatIso = d3.time.format.utc("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%LZ");

d3.time.format.iso = Date.prototype.toISOString ? d3_time_formatIsoNative : d3_time_formatIso;

function d3_time_formatIsoNative(date) {
  return date.toISOString();
}

d3_time_formatIsoNative.parse = function(string) {
  return new Date(string);
};

d3_time_formatIsoNative.toString = d3_time_formatIso.toString;
function d3_time_interval(local, step, number) {

  function round(date) {
    var d0 = local(date), d1 = offset(d0, 1);
    return date - d0 < d1 - date ? d0 : d1;
  }

  function ceil(date) {
    step(date = local(new d3_time(date - 1)), 1);
    return date;
  }

  function offset(date, k) {
    step(date = new d3_time(+date), k);
    return date;
  }

  function range(t0, t1, dt) {
    var time = ceil(t0), times = [];
    if (dt > 1) {
      while (time < t1) {
        if (!(number(time) % dt)) times.push(new Date(+time));
        step(time, 1);
      }
    } else {
      while (time < t1) times.push(new Date(+time)), step(time, 1);
    }
    return times;
  }

  function range_utc(t0, t1, dt) {
    try {
      d3_time = d3_time_utc;
      var utc = new d3_time_utc();
      utc._ = t0;
      return range(utc, t1, dt);
    } finally {
      d3_time = Date;
    }
  }

  local.floor = local;
  local.round = round;
  local.ceil = ceil;
  local.offset = offset;
  local.range = range;

  var utc = local.utc = d3_time_interval_utc(local);
  utc.floor = utc;
  utc.round = d3_time_interval_utc(round);
  utc.ceil = d3_time_interval_utc(ceil);
  utc.offset = d3_time_interval_utc(offset);
  utc.range = range_utc;

  return local;
}

function d3_time_interval_utc(method) {
  return function(date, k) {
    try {
      d3_time = d3_time_utc;
      var utc = new d3_time_utc();
      utc._ = date;
      return method(utc, k)._;
    } finally {
      d3_time = Date;
    }
  };
}
d3.time.second = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  return new d3_time(Math.floor(date / 1e3) * 1e3);
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setTime(date.getTime() + Math.floor(offset) * 1e3); // DST breaks setSeconds
}, function(date) {
  return date.getSeconds();
});

d3.time.seconds = d3.time.second.range;
d3.time.seconds.utc = d3.time.second.utc.range;
d3.time.minute = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  return new d3_time(Math.floor(date / 6e4) * 6e4);
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setTime(date.getTime() + Math.floor(offset) * 6e4); // DST breaks setMinutes
}, function(date) {
  return date.getMinutes();
});

d3.time.minutes = d3.time.minute.range;
d3.time.minutes.utc = d3.time.minute.utc.range;
d3.time.hour = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  var timezone = date.getTimezoneOffset() / 60;
  return new d3_time((Math.floor(date / 36e5 - timezone) + timezone) * 36e5);
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setTime(date.getTime() + Math.floor(offset) * 36e5); // DST breaks setHours
}, function(date) {
  return date.getHours();
});

d3.time.hours = d3.time.hour.range;
d3.time.hours.utc = d3.time.hour.utc.range;
d3.time.day = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  return new d3_time(date.getFullYear(), date.getMonth(), date.getDate());
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setDate(date.getDate() + offset);
}, function(date) {
  return date.getDate() - 1;
});

d3.time.days = d3.time.day.range;
d3.time.days.utc = d3.time.day.utc.range;

d3.time.dayOfYear = function(date) {
  var year = d3.time.year(date);
  return Math.floor((date - year) / 864e5 - (date.getTimezoneOffset() - year.getTimezoneOffset()) / 1440);
};
d3_time_weekdays.forEach(function(day, i) {
  day = day.toLowerCase();
  i = 7 - i;

  var interval = d3.time[day] = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
    (date = d3.time.day(date)).setDate(date.getDate() - (date.getDay() + i) % 7);
    return date;
  }, function(date, offset) {
    date.setDate(date.getDate() + Math.floor(offset) * 7);
  }, function(date) {
    var day = d3.time.year(date).getDay();
    return Math.floor((d3.time.dayOfYear(date) + (day + i) % 7) / 7) - (day !== i);
  });

  d3.time[day + "s"] = interval.range;
  d3.time[day + "s"].utc = interval.utc.range;

  d3.time[day + "OfYear"] = function(date) {
    var day = d3.time.year(date).getDay();
    return Math.floor((d3.time.dayOfYear(date) + (day + i) % 7) / 7);
  };
});

d3.time.week = d3.time.sunday;
d3.time.weeks = d3.time.sunday.range;
d3.time.weeks.utc = d3.time.sunday.utc.range;
d3.time.weekOfYear = d3.time.sundayOfYear;
d3.time.month = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  return new d3_time(date.getFullYear(), date.getMonth(), 1);
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setMonth(date.getMonth() + offset);
}, function(date) {
  return date.getMonth();
});

d3.time.months = d3.time.month.range;
d3.time.months.utc = d3.time.month.utc.range;
d3.time.year = d3_time_interval(function(date) {
  return new d3_time(date.getFullYear(), 0, 1);
}, function(date, offset) {
  date.setFullYear(date.getFullYear() + offset);
}, function(date) {
  return date.getFullYear();
});

d3.time.years = d3.time.year.range;
d3.time.years.utc = d3.time.year.utc.range;
function d3_time_scale(linear, methods, format) {

  function scale(x) {
    return linear(x);
  }

  scale.invert = function(x) {
    return d3_time_scaleDate(linear.invert(x));
  };

  scale.domain = function(x) {
    if (!arguments.length) return linear.domain().map(d3_time_scaleDate);
    linear.domain(x);
    return scale;
  };

  scale.nice = function(m) {
    var extent = d3_time_scaleExtent(scale.domain());
    return scale.domain([m.floor(extent[0]), m.ceil(extent[1])]);
  };

  scale.ticks = function(m, k) {
    var extent = d3_time_scaleExtent(scale.domain());
    if (typeof m !== "function") {
      var span = extent[1] - extent[0],
          target = span / m,
          i = d3.bisect(d3_time_scaleSteps, target);
      if (i == d3_time_scaleSteps.length) return methods.year(extent, m);
      if (!i) return linear.ticks(m).map(d3_time_scaleDate);
      if (Math.log(target / d3_time_scaleSteps[i - 1]) < Math.log(d3_time_scaleSteps[i] / target)) --i;
      m = methods[i];
      k = m[1];
      m = m[0].range;
    }
    return m(extent[0], new Date(+extent[1] + 1), k); // inclusive upper bound
  };

  scale.tickFormat = function() {
    return format;
  };

  scale.copy = function() {
    return d3_time_scale(linear.copy(), methods, format);
  };

  // TOOD expose d3_scale_linear_rebind?
  return d3.rebind(scale, linear, "range", "rangeRound", "interpolate", "clamp");
}

// TODO expose d3_scaleExtent?
function d3_time_scaleExtent(domain) {
  var start = domain[0], stop = domain[domain.length - 1];
  return start < stop ? [start, stop] : [stop, start];
}

function d3_time_scaleDate(t) {
  return new Date(t);
}

function d3_time_scaleFormat(formats) {
  return function(date) {
    var i = formats.length - 1, f = formats[i];
    while (!f[1](date)) f = formats[--i];
    return f[0](date);
  };
}

function d3_time_scaleSetYear(y) {
  var d = new Date(y, 0, 1);
  d.setFullYear(y); // Y2K fail
  return d;
}

function d3_time_scaleGetYear(d) {
  var y = d.getFullYear(),
      d0 = d3_time_scaleSetYear(y),
      d1 = d3_time_scaleSetYear(y + 1);
  return y + (d - d0) / (d1 - d0);
}

var d3_time_scaleSteps = [
  1e3,    // 1-second
  5e3,    // 5-second
  15e3,   // 15-second
  3e4,    // 30-second
  6e4,    // 1-minute
  3e5,    // 5-minute
  9e5,    // 15-minute
  18e5,   // 30-minute
  36e5,   // 1-hour
  108e5,  // 3-hour
  216e5,  // 6-hour
  432e5,  // 12-hour
  864e5,  // 1-day
  1728e5, // 2-day
  6048e5, // 1-week
  2592e6, // 1-month
  7776e6, // 3-month
  31536e6 // 1-year
];

var d3_time_scaleLocalMethods = [
  [d3.time.second, 1],
  [d3.time.second, 5],
  [d3.time.second, 15],
  [d3.time.second, 30],
  [d3.time.minute, 1],
  [d3.time.minute, 5],
  [d3.time.minute, 15],
  [d3.time.minute, 30],
  [d3.time.hour, 1],
  [d3.time.hour, 3],
  [d3.time.hour, 6],
  [d3.time.hour, 12],
  [d3.time.day, 1],
  [d3.time.day, 2],
  [d3.time.week, 1],
  [d3.time.month, 1],
  [d3.time.month, 3],
  [d3.time.year, 1]
];

var d3_time_scaleLocalFormats = [
  [d3.time.format("%Y"), function(d) { return true; }],
  [d3.time.format("%B"), function(d) { return d.getMonth(); }],
  [d3.time.format("%b %d"), function(d) { return d.getDate() != 1; }],
  [d3.time.format("%a %d"), function(d) { return d.getDay() && d.getDate() != 1; }],
  [d3.time.format("%I %p"), function(d) { return d.getHours(); }],
  [d3.time.format("%I:%M"), function(d) { return d.getMinutes(); }],
  [d3.time.format(":%S"), function(d) { return d.getSeconds(); }],
  [d3.time.format(".%L"), function(d) { return d.getMilliseconds(); }]
];

var d3_time_scaleLinear = d3.scale.linear(),
    d3_time_scaleLocalFormat = d3_time_scaleFormat(d3_time_scaleLocalFormats);

d3_time_scaleLocalMethods.year = function(extent, m) {
  return d3_time_scaleLinear.domain(extent.map(d3_time_scaleGetYear)).ticks(m).map(d3_time_scaleSetYear);
};

d3.time.scale = function() {
  return d3_time_scale(d3.scale.linear(), d3_time_scaleLocalMethods, d3_time_scaleLocalFormat);
};
var d3_time_scaleUTCMethods = d3_time_scaleLocalMethods.map(function(m) {
  return [m[0].utc, m[1]];
});

var d3_time_scaleUTCFormats = [
  [d3.time.format.utc("%Y"), function(d) { return true; }],
  [d3.time.format.utc("%B"), function(d) { return d.getUTCMonth(); }],
  [d3.time.format.utc("%b %d"), function(d) { return d.getUTCDate() != 1; }],
  [d3.time.format.utc("%a %d"), function(d) { return d.getUTCDay() && d.getUTCDate() != 1; }],
  [d3.time.format.utc("%I %p"), function(d) { return d.getUTCHours(); }],
  [d3.time.format.utc("%I:%M"), function(d) { return d.getUTCMinutes(); }],
  [d3.time.format.utc(":%S"), function(d) { return d.getUTCSeconds(); }],
  [d3.time.format.utc(".%L"), function(d) { return d.getUTCMilliseconds(); }]
];

var d3_time_scaleUTCFormat = d3_time_scaleFormat(d3_time_scaleUTCFormats);

function d3_time_scaleUTCSetYear(y) {
  var d = new Date(Date.UTC(y, 0, 1));
  d.setUTCFullYear(y); // Y2K fail
  return d;
}

function d3_time_scaleUTCGetYear(d) {
  var y = d.getUTCFullYear(),
      d0 = d3_time_scaleUTCSetYear(y),
      d1 = d3_time_scaleUTCSetYear(y + 1);
  return y + (d - d0) / (d1 - d0);
}

d3_time_scaleUTCMethods.year = function(extent, m) {
  return d3_time_scaleLinear.domain(extent.map(d3_time_scaleUTCGetYear)).ticks(m).map(d3_time_scaleUTCSetYear);
};

d3.time.scale.utc = function() {
  return d3_time_scale(d3.scale.linear(), d3_time_scaleUTCMethods, d3_time_scaleUTCFormat);
};
})();