diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
index f87a1f7..a5d007d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -216,7 +216,10 @@ jobs:
 
   sca:
     environment: ci
-    runs-on: ${{ vars.SCA_RUNNER_LABEL || 'arm64-mo-shanghai-8c16g' }}
+    # SCA is CPU-bound but does not run the database or BVT; validate it on
+    # the smaller standard ARM runner. A repository variable remains an
+    # explicit escape hatch for a larger runner.
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.SCA_RUNNER_LABEL || 'arm64-mo-shanghai-4c8g' }}
     name: SCA Test on Linux/arm64
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
diff --git a/.github/workflows/coverage-merge.yaml b/.github/workflows/coverage-merge.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61cc8d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage-merge.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+name: MatrixOne Coverage Merge
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      prerequisites_ready:
+        description: "Whether every coverage producer completed successfully"
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+      expected_bvt_generation:
+        description: "Assignment generation expected in both BVT manifests"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+      ci_ref:
+        description: "CI ref containing the coverage parser"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: "main"
+    secrets:
+      TOKEN_ACTION:
+        description: "Token for checkout and pull-request metadata"
+        required: false
+
+jobs:
+  coverage_merge:
+    name: Coverage
+    environment: ci
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    timeout-minutes: 20
+    steps:
+      - name: Verify coverage prerequisites
+        env:
+          PREREQUISITES_READY: ${{ inputs.prerequisites_ready }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "${PREREQUISITES_READY}" != 'true' ]; then
+            echo '::error::coverage merge skipped because at least one required producer was skipped or failed'
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "1"
+          path: ./matrixone
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Checkout coverage parser
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          repository: matrixorigin/CI
+          ref: ${{ inputs.ci_ref }}
+          fetch-depth: "1"
+          path: ./CI
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          setup-java: false
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/matrixone/go.mod"
+      - name: Generate diff.patch
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          IS_PUB_REPO: ${{ vars.IS_PUB_REPO }}
+          EXPECTED_HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/matrixone"
+          pr_repo='${{ github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name }}'
+          pr_number='${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}'
+          current_head_sha=$(curl -fsSL --retry 5 --retry-delay 3 \
+            -H 'Accept: application/vnd.github+json' \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GH_TOKEN}" \
+            -H 'X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28' \
+            "https://api.github.com/repos/${pr_repo}/pulls/${pr_number}" \
+            | jq -r '.head.sha')
+          if [ "${current_head_sha}" != "${EXPECTED_HEAD_SHA}" ]; then
+            echo "::error::PR head moved from ${EXPECTED_HEAD_SHA} to ${current_head_sha}; refusing to merge coverage against a different diff"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ -n "${IS_PUB_REPO:-}" ] && [ "${IS_PUB_REPO}" != "0" ] && [ "${IS_PUB_REPO}" != "false" ]; then
+            curl -fL --retry 5 --retry-delay 3 "https://github.com/${pr_repo}/pull/${pr_number}.diff" -o diff.patch
+          else
+            curl -fL --retry 5 --retry-delay 3 \
+              -H 'Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.diff' \
+              -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GH_TOKEN}" \
+              "https://api.github.com/repos/${pr_repo}/pulls/${pr_number}" -o diff.patch
+          fi
+      - name: Download test coverage artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          # A full rerun rotates the shared generation. Filter out artifacts
+          # left by previous attempts while retaining successful producers
+          # from an earlier attempt during "Re-run failed jobs".
+          pattern: ${{ inputs.expected_bvt_generation != '' && format('*coverage*generation-{0}-*', inputs.expected_bvt_generation) || '*coverage*' }}
+          merge-multiple: true
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/coverage-artifacts
+      - name: Merge profiles and check coverage rate
+        id: merge_coverage
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          artifact_dir="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-artifacts"
+          processed_dir="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-processed"
+          mkdir -p "${processed_dir}"
+          find "${artifact_dir}" -type f -printf '%P %s bytes\n' | sort \
+            | tee "${RUNNER_TEMP}/coverage-inputs.txt"
+
+          mapfile -t ut_profiles < <(find "${artifact_dir}" -type f -name 'ut-coverage.out' | sort)
+          mapfile -t bvt_profiles < <(find "${artifact_dir}" -type f -name 'bvt-*.out' | sort)
+          if [ "${#ut_profiles[@]}" -ne 1 ] || [ "${#bvt_profiles[@]}" -ne 2 ]; then
+            echo '::error::expected one UT profile and two BVT profiles'
+            find "${artifact_dir}" -type f -print || true
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          mapfile -t manifests < <(find "${artifact_dir}" -type f -name 'bvt-*-manifest.json' | sort)
+          if [ "${#manifests[@]}" -ne 2 ]; then
+            echo "::error::expected exactly two BVT manifests, found ${#manifests[@]}"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          jq -s '.' "${manifests[@]}" > "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-group-manifests.json"
+          if ! jq -e \
+            --arg expected_generation '${{ inputs.expected_bvt_generation }}' \
+            --arg expected_sha '${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}' \
+            '
+              length == 2
+              and (map(.schema_version) == [1, 1])
+              and ((map(.deployment) | sort) == ["compose-proxy", "launch-pessimistic"])
+              and ((map(.group) | sort) == [0, 1])
+              and ((map(.generation) | unique | length) == 1)
+              and ($expected_generation == "" or all(.[]; .generation == $expected_generation))
+              and all(.[]; .head_sha == $expected_sha)
+            ' "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-group-manifests.json" >/dev/null; then
+            echo '::error::BVT manifests do not describe complementary groups from the expected generation and PR head'
+            jq . "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-group-manifests.json" || true
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          coverage_files=()
+          for profile in "${ut_profiles[@]}"; do
+            output="${processed_dir}/$(basename "${profile}")"
+            grep -Ev 'pkg/pb|pkg/sql/parsers/goyacc|yaccpar' "${profile}" > "${output}" || true
+            test -s "${output}"
+            coverage_files+=("${output}")
+          done
+          for profile in "${bvt_profiles[@]}"; do
+            output="${processed_dir}/$(basename "${profile}")"
+            grep -Ev 'pkg/pb|yaccpar' "${profile}" > "${output}" || true
+            test -s "${output}"
+            coverage_files+=("${output}")
+          done
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
+          cp "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/CI/scripts/.ignore" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/.ignore"
+          set +e
+          python CI/scripts/parse_coverage.py \
+            -coverage_files "${coverage_files[@]}" \
+            -diff_path "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/matrixone/diff.patch" \
+            -minimal_coverage 0.75 \
+            -summary_path "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json" \
+            2>&1 | tee "${RUNNER_TEMP}/coverage-parser.log"
+          parser_status=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
+          set -e
+
+          has_pr_coverage=false
+          if [ -s "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json" ]; then
+            has_pr_coverage=$(jq -r '.has_pr_coverage' "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json")
+            echo "overall_coverage=$(jq -r '.overall_coverage' "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "pr_coverage=$(jq -r '.pr_coverage' "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "coverage_approved=$(jq -r '.approved' "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+          echo "has_pr_coverage=${has_pr_coverage}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+          # Preserve the legacy PR-focused HTML semantics and generate it even
+          # when the coverage threshold rejects the PR.
+          if [ "${has_pr_coverage}" = 'true' ]; then
+            test -s "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr_coverage.out"
+            cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/matrixone"
+            go tool cover \
+              -o "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/matrixone/pr_coverage.html" \
+              -html="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pr_coverage.out"
+          fi
+          exit "${parser_status}"
+      - name: Summarize coverage merge result
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          echo '### Coverage merge result' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo "- Merge step: \`${{ steps.merge_coverage.outcome }}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo '- Expected inputs: one UT profile and two BVT profiles.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          summary="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage-summary.json"
+          if [ -s "${summary}" ]; then
+            overall=$(jq -r '.overall_coverage' "${summary}")
+            pr_rate=$(jq -r '.pr_coverage' "${summary}")
+            threshold=$(jq -r '.minimal_coverage' "${summary}")
+            covered=$(jq -r '.covered_modified_lines' "${summary}")
+            total=$(jq -r '.total_modified_lines' "${summary}")
+            has_changes=$(jq -r '.has_go_changes' "${summary}")
+            has_pr_coverage=$(jq -r '.has_pr_coverage' "${summary}")
+            approved=$(jq -r '.approved' "${summary}")
+            overall_pct=$(awk -v rate="${overall}" 'BEGIN { printf "%.2f%%", rate * 100 }')
+            pr_pct=$(awk -v rate="${pr_rate}" 'BEGIN { printf "%.2f%%", rate * 100 }')
+            threshold_pct=$(awk -v rate="${threshold}" 'BEGIN { printf "%.2f%%", rate * 100 }')
+            echo "- Overall coverage: \`${overall_pct}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            if [ "${has_pr_coverage}" = 'true' ]; then
+              if [ "${approved}" = 'true' ]; then
+                gate='PASS'
+              else
+                gate='FAIL'
+              fi
+              echo "- Changed-code coverage: \`${covered}/${total} (${pr_pct})\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "- Required changed-code coverage: \`>${threshold_pct}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "- Coverage gate: \`${gate}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            elif [ "${has_changes}" = 'true' ]; then
+              if [ "${approved}" = 'true' ]; then
+                gate='PASS'
+              else
+                gate='FAIL'
+              fi
+              echo '- Changed-code coverage: Go changes were found, but no instrumented blocks matched the coverage profiles.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "- Coverage gate: \`${gate}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            else
+              echo '- Changed-code coverage: no modified Go blocks; gate passes.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            fi
+          else
+            echo '- Coverage rates unavailable because profile processing failed before the summary was written.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          fi
+          if [ -s "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-group-manifests.json" ]; then
+            echo '' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '#### BVT group manifests' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '```json' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            jq . "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-group-manifests.json" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '```' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          fi
+          echo '' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo '#### Downloaded profiles' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo '' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo '```text' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cat "${RUNNER_TEMP}/coverage-inputs.txt" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY" 2>/dev/null || true
+          echo '```' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          if [ "${{ steps.merge_coverage.outcome }}" = 'success' ]; then
+            echo '- Result: `final-result-files` contains the changed-code profile, merged profile, summary, and PR coverage HTML.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          else
+            echo '- Diagnostics: `coverage-merge-debug` contains the input inventory and PR diff; `final-result-files` retains any merged outputs.' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          fi
+      - name: Upload coverage result
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.merge_coverage.outputs.has_pr_coverage == 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: final-result-files
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/matrixone/pr_coverage.html
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/pr_coverage.out
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/merged_coverage.out
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/coverage-summary.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 7
+      - name: Upload coverage merge diagnostics
+        if: ${{ failure() && !cancelled() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: coverage-merge-debug
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/coverage-inputs.txt
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/coverage-parser.log
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-group-manifests.json
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/matrixone/diff.patch
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/coverage-summary.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/coverage-ut.yaml b/.github/workflows/coverage-ut.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c49927d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage-ut.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+name: MatrixOne UT Coverage
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      bvt_generation:
+        description: "Shared CI generation used to select this run's coverage artifacts"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+    outputs:
+      coverage_ready:
+        description: "Whether the UT coverage profile was eligible to run"
+        value: ${{ jobs.check_coverage_eligibility.outputs.allowed }}
+    secrets:
+      TOKEN_ACTION:
+        description: "Token for checkout (e.g. pull from fork/private)"
+        required: false
+      TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN:
+        description: "Object storage configuration for UT coverage"
+        required: false
+      TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD:
+        description: "Object storage configuration for UT coverage"
+        required: false
+      S3ENDPOINT:
+        description: "S3ENDPOINT For Test"
+        required: false
+      S3REGION:
+        description: "S3REGION For Test"
+        required: false
+      S3APIKEY:
+        description: "S3APIKEY For Test"
+        required: false
+      S3APISECRET:
+        description: "S3APISECRET For Test"
+        required: false
+      S3BUCKET:
+        description: "S3BUCKET For Test"
+        required: false
+
+jobs:
+  check_coverage_eligibility:
+    name: Check coverage eligibility
+    environment: ci
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      allowed: ${{ steps.eligibility.outputs.allowed }}
+    steps:
+      - id: check_in_org
+        name: Check organization membership
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          PR_AUTHOR: ${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          page=1
+          user_in_org=0
+          while :; do
+            users=$(curl -fsSL \
+              -H 'Accept: application/vnd.github+json' \
+              -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GH_TOKEN}" \
+              -H 'X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28' \
+              "https://api.github.com/orgs/matrixorigin/members?page=${page}&per_page=100")
+            if jq -e --arg user "${PR_AUTHOR}" '.[] | select(.login == $user)' <<<"${users}" >/dev/null; then
+              user_in_org=1
+              break
+            fi
+            [ "$(jq length <<<"${users}")" -eq 100 ] || break
+            page=$((page + 1))
+          done
+          echo "in_org=${user_in_org}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+      - id: check_safe_label
+        name: Check pull request label
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          PR_URL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.url }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          labels=$(curl -fsSL \
+            -H 'Accept: application/vnd.github+json' \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GH_TOKEN}" \
+            -H 'X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28' \
+            "${PR_URL}" | jq -r '.labels[].name')
+          if grep -Fxq 'safe-to-test' <<<"${labels}"; then
+            echo 'safe_label=1' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo 'safe_label=0' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+      - id: check_coverage_secrets
+        name: Check coverage secrets
+        env:
+          TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN: ${{ secrets.TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN }}
+          TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD: ${{ secrets.TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD }}
+          S3ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.S3ENDPOINT }}
+          S3REGION: ${{ secrets.S3REGION }}
+          S3APIKEY: ${{ secrets.S3APIKEY }}
+          S3APISECRET: ${{ secrets.S3APISECRET }}
+          S3BUCKET: ${{ secrets.S3BUCKET }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          missing=()
+          for name in TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD S3ENDPOINT S3REGION S3APIKEY S3APISECRET S3BUCKET; do
+            if [ -z "${!name:-}" ]; then
+              missing+=("${name}")
+            fi
+          done
+          if [ "${#missing[@]}" -eq 0 ]; then
+            echo 'ready=true' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo 'ready=false' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "::notice::UT coverage skipped because required secrets are unavailable: ${missing[*]}"
+          fi
+      - id: eligibility
+        name: Decide coverage eligibility
+        env:
+          IN_ORG: ${{ steps.check_in_org.outputs.in_org }}
+          SAFE_LABEL: ${{ steps.check_safe_label.outputs.safe_label }}
+          SECRETS_READY: ${{ steps.check_coverage_secrets.outputs.ready }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if { [ "${IN_ORG}" = '1' ] || [ "${SAFE_LABEL}" = '1' ]; } && [ "${SECRETS_READY}" = 'true' ]; then
+            echo 'allowed=true' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo 'allowed=false' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            if [ "${IN_ORG}" != '1' ] && [ "${SAFE_LABEL}" != '1' ]; then
+              echo '::notice::UT coverage skipped for an untrusted pull request'
+            fi
+          fi
+
+  ut-coverage-linux-x86:
+    name: UT Coverage on Ubuntu/x86
+    needs: [check_coverage_eligibility]
+    if: ${{ needs.check_coverage_eligibility.outputs.allowed == 'true' }}
+    environment: ci
+    # Preserve the Guangzhou network path and capacity used by main's
+    # external Aliyun/QCloud coverage UT. This is intentionally larger than
+    # the UT-only minimum while we validate the external-storage timeout fix.
+    runs-on: amd64-mo-guangzhou-2xlarge16
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "3"
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          setup-java: true
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/go.mod"
+      - id: coverage_ut
+        name: Run coverage unit tests
+        timeout-minutes: 45
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
+          export endpoint='${{ secrets.S3ENDPOINT }}'
+          export region='${{ secrets.S3REGION }}'
+          export apikey='${{ secrets.S3APIKEY }}'
+          export apisecret='${{ secrets.S3APISECRET }}'
+          export bucket='${{ secrets.S3BUCKET }}'
+          export TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN='${{ secrets.TEST_S3FS_ALIYUN }}'
+          export TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD='${{ secrets.TEST_S3FS_QCLOUD }}'
+
+          test_scope=$(go list -mod=readonly ./... | grep -v 'driver\|engine/aoe\|engine/memEngine\|pkg/catalog')
+          cover_pkgs=$(printf '%s\n' "${test_scope}" | paste -sd, -)
+          test -n "${cover_pkgs}"
+
+          make clean && make config && make cgo && make thirdparties
+          thirdparties_install_dir="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/thirdparties/install"
+          cgo_cflags="-I${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/cgo -I${thirdparties_install_dir}/include"
+          cgo_ldflags="-L${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/cgo -lmo -L${thirdparties_install_dir}/lib -lusearch_c -Wl,-rpath,${thirdparties_install_dir}/lib -lm"
+          coverage_profile="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage.out"
+          coverage_report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage-report.json"
+
+          # Keep the same all-package coverage scope and external storage
+          # coverage as main. Save the verbose JSON report as an artifact
+          # rather than flooding the Actions console; the next step prints a
+          # concise parsed failure summary when this command fails.
+          set +e
+          CGO_CFLAGS="${cgo_cflags}" CGO_LDFLAGS="${cgo_ldflags}" \
+            go test -mod=readonly -json -short -v -tags matrixone_test -p 6 \
+            -covermode=set -coverprofile="${coverage_profile}" -coverpkg="${cover_pkgs}" \
+            ${test_scope} \
+            > "${coverage_report}" 2>&1
+          test_status=$?
+          set -e
+          echo "test_status=${test_status}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          if (( test_status != 0 )); then
+            exit "${test_status}"
+          fi
+          test -s "${coverage_profile}"
+          raw_coverage_bytes=$(wc -c < "${coverage_profile}")
+          # -coverpkg emits the same instrumented block once per tested
+          # package. Collapse those duplicate records before crossing the
+          # artifact boundary; the coverage gate only needs hit/not-hit
+          # semantics and parse_coverage.py applies the same max(hit) merge.
+          LC_ALL=C awk '
+            NR == 1 { next }
+            $1 ~ /pkg\/pb|pkg\/sql\/parsers\/goyacc|yaccpar/ { next }
+            NF >= 3 {
+              key = $1 " " $2
+              hit = ($3 + 0 > 0) ? 1 : 0
+              if (!(key in coverage) || hit > coverage[key]) {
+                coverage[key] = hit
+              }
+            }
+            END {
+              print "mode: set"
+              for (key in coverage) {
+                print key, coverage[key]
+              }
+            }
+          ' "${coverage_profile}" > "${coverage_profile}.compacted"
+          test "$(wc -l < "${coverage_profile}.compacted")" -gt 1
+          mv "${coverage_profile}.compacted" "${coverage_profile}"
+          compacted_coverage_bytes=$(wc -c < "${coverage_profile}")
+          echo "UT coverage profile compacted from ${raw_coverage_bytes} to ${compacted_coverage_bytes} bytes"
+      - name: Summarize 30 slowest coverage UT tests
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage-report.json"
+          timing="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage-top30.txt"
+          {
+            echo '### Coverage UT timing'
+          if [ "${{ steps.coverage_ut.outcome }}" = 'failure' ]; then
+              echo '- Partial result: the failed run did not complete every test.'
+          fi
+          if [ ! -s "${report}" ]; then
+              echo '- No Go JSON report was produced.'
+              exit 0
+          fi
+          if ! jq -r 'select(.Action == "pass" and (.Test | type == "string") and .Elapsed != null) | [(.Elapsed | tonumber), .Package, .Test] | @tsv' "${report}" \
+            | sort -nr -k1,1 | awk 'NR <= 30 { print }' > "${timing}"; then
+              echo '::warning::failed to generate the UT timing summary'
+              exit 0
+          fi
+          echo ''
+          echo '#### Top 30 slowest completed tests'
+          echo ''
+          echo '```text'
+          cat "${timing}"
+          echo '```'
+          } | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - name: Print failed coverage UT packages and tests
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage-report.json"
+          echo '::group::Failed coverage UT packages'
+          if [ -s "${report}" ]; then
+            jq -r 'select(.Action == "fail" and .Package != null) | "FAIL \(.Package) (\(.Elapsed // 0)s)"' "${report}" | sort -u || true
+            echo '::endgroup::'
+            echo '::group::Failure details'
+            jq -r 'select(.Action == "output" and (.Output | test("panic: test timed out|--- FAIL:|^FAIL\\t"))) | "\(.Package // "unknown") / \(.Test // "package"): \(.Output | gsub("\\n$"; ""))"' "${report}" \
+              | tail -n 100 | cut -c 1-1000 || true
+          else
+            echo 'No JSON test report was produced; inspect the failed test step.'
+          fi
+          echo '::endgroup::'
+      # Match the legacy coverage job's actionable failure report while keeping
+      # the large JSON stream out of successful coverage artifacts.
+      - name: Checkout CI repository for UT failure summary
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          repository: matrixorigin/CI
+          fetch-depth: "1"
+          path: CI
+      - name: Analyze and summarize failed coverage UT
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-coverage-report.json"
+          summary="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-failure-summary.md"
+          : > "${summary}"
+          if [ ! -s "${report}" ]; then
+            echo 'UT JSON report was not produced; inspect the failed test step.' | tee -a "${summary}"
+          else
+            go install github.com/matrixorigin/go-ut-analysis@latest || true
+            if command -v go-ut-analysis >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+              go-ut-analysis test -f "${report}" --first 10 --report-path "${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-report" --stdout=false || true
+            else
+              echo 'go-ut-analysis is unavailable; the raw JSON report is attached.' | tee -a "${summary}"
+            fi
+            python "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/CI/scripts/summarize_ut_report.py" "${report}" | tee -a "${summary}" || true
+          fi
+          if [ -n "${GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY:-}" ]; then
+            cat "${summary}" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          fi
+      - name: Collect coverage UT runner diagnostics
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          set +e
+          diagnostics="${RUNNER_TEMP}/ut-runner-diagnostics.txt"
+          {
+            echo '## Memory'
+            free -h
+            echo
+            echo '## Disk'
+            df -h
+            echo
+            echo '## Limits'
+            ulimit -a
+            echo
+            echo '## Largest processes by RSS'
+            ps -eo pid,ppid,rss,vsz,stat,etime,cmd --sort=-rss | head -n 50
+            echo
+            echo '## Cgroup memory'
+            for file in /sys/fs/cgroup/memory.current /sys/fs/cgroup/memory.max /sys/fs/cgroup/memory.events; do
+              echo "### ${file}"
+              if [ -r "${file}" ]; then
+                cat "${file}"
+              else
+                echo unavailable
+              fi
+            done
+            echo
+            echo '## Recent kernel messages'
+            sudo dmesg -T 2>&1 | tail -n 1000
+          } | tee "${diagnostics}"
+          {
+            echo '### Coverage UT runner diagnostics'
+            echo "- Full diagnostics: \`ut-coverage-diagnostics-attempt-${{ github.run_attempt }}/ut-runner-diagnostics.txt\`"
+            if grep -Eqi 'out of memory|oom-kill|killed process' "${diagnostics}"; then
+              echo '- OOM signal: detected in runner diagnostics.'
+            else
+              echo '- OOM signal: not detected in available runner diagnostics.'
+            fi
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - name: Upload UT coverage profile
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'success' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: ut-coverage-generation-${{ inputs.bvt_generation || format('{0}-{1}', github.run_id, github.run_attempt) }}-attempt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/ut-coverage.out
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+      - name: Upload failed UT diagnostics
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: ut-coverage-diagnostics-attempt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/ut-coverage-report.json
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/ut-failure-summary.md
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/ut-report
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/ut-runner-diagnostics.txt
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+      - name: Fail on coverage UT failure
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && steps.coverage_ut.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        run: exit 1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e-compose-parallel.yaml b/.github/workflows/e2e-compose-parallel.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5139d1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e-compose-parallel.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+name: MatrixOne Compose Test
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      bvt_group:
+        description: "BVT group assigned by the caller (0 or 1)"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+      bvt_generation:
+        description: "Shared assignment generation for complementary BVT jobs"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+    secrets:
+      TOKEN_ACTION:
+        description: "Token for checkout (e.g. pull from fork/private)"
+        required: false
+
+jobs:
+  bvt-docker-compose-push:
+    if: false
+    environment: ci
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    name: multi cn e2e bvt test docker compose(Optimistic/PUSH)
+    timeout-minutes: 75
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Pre Clean Some Unneeded Images
+        run: |
+          sudo df -h /*
+          echo "========================================="
+          sudo docker builder prune -f -a;
+          sudo docker images | grep -v REPOSITORY | awk '{system("sudo docker rmi "$1":"$2)}';
+          sudo docker volume prune -f;
+          echo "========================================="
+          sudo df -h /*
+      - name: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "3"
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Set up Go And Java
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/go.mod"
+
+      - name: Print run attempt
+        run: echo "run attempt is ${{ github.run_attempt }}"
+
+      - name: Print Disk Usage Before Container Start
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: docker compose launch-multi-cn
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+        run: |
+          echo ""  >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-0.toml
+          echo '[cn.txn]' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-0.toml
+          echo 'mode = "Optimistic"' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-0.toml
+          echo ""  >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-1.toml
+          echo '[cn.txn]' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-1.toml
+          echo 'mode = "Optimistic"' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-1.toml
+          echo ""  >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/tn.toml
+          echo '[tn.txn]' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/tn.toml
+          echo 'mode = "Optimistic"' >> ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/tn.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-0.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-1.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/tn.toml
+
+          # Update compose.yaml to mount test directory to $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test instead of /test
+          # Replace container mount point from /test to $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test
+          # Handle various docker-compose volume formats: /test, /test:options, /test followed by space
+          sed -i 's|:/test\b|:'"$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"'/test|g' ./etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml
+
+          # build matrixone docker image first
+          docker build -t matrixorigin/matrixone:latest . -f ./optools/images/Dockerfile
+
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          docker compose -f etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml --profile launch-multi-cn up -d
+
+          # wait for ready
+          i=1
+          while [ $(mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6001 -u dump -p111 --execute 'create database if not exists compose_test;use compose_test; create table if not exists compose_test_table(col1 int auto_increment primary key);show tables;' 2>&1 | tee /dev/stderr | grep 'compose_test_table' | wc -l) -lt 1 ]; do
+             echo "wait mo init finished...$i"
+             if [ $i -ge 300 ]; then
+               echo "wait for $i seconds, mo init not finish, so exit 1"
+               docker ps
+               exit 1;
+             fi
+             i=$(($i+1))
+             sleep 1
+          done
+          docker ps
+
+      - name: Print Disk Usage After Container Start
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: Clean Docker Image Build Cache
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          sudo docker builder prune -f -a;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: Clone test-tool repository
+        # Node.js 12 actions are deprecated.
+        # For more information see:
+        #     - https://github.blog/changelog/2022-09-22-github-actions-all-actions-will-begin-running-on-node16-instead-of-node12/.
+        # Please update the following actions to use Node.js 16: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          repository: matrixorigin/mo-tester
+          path: ./mo-tester
+          ref: main
+
+      - name: Update BVT SQL Timeout
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i "s/socketTimeout:.*/socketTimeout: 300000/g" mo.yml
+      - name: Start BVT Test
+        id: bvt_on_pr_version
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          ./run.sh -n -g -o -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test/distributed/cases -e pessimistic_transaction 2>&1
+
+      - name: Print Docker Info Before Container Shutdown
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo docker ps;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+      - name: Print System Dmesg
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          sudo dmesg -T
+
+      - name: export log
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester/report
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester/report ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log/cn-0-dump-stacks.log
+          curl http://localhost:22345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log/cn-1-dump-stacks.log
+
+      - name: Check Log Messages Count per second
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          ./optools/check_log_count.sh 1000 60 # {count threshold} {metric collected interval}
+
+      - name: shutdown containers
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          docker compose -f etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml --profile launch-multi-cn down --remove-orphans
+          docker volume rm launch-tae-compose_minio_storage
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Compose-multi-cn-e2e-bvt-test-docker-log(Optimistic,PUSH)
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          retention-days: 7
+
+  multi-CN-bvt-docker-compose-proxy:
+    environment: ci
+    # Match the existing PR BVT runner policy.
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    name: multi cn e2e bvt test docker compose(PROXY)
+    timeout-minutes: 75
+    steps:
+      - name: Pre Clean Some Unneeded Images
+        run: |
+          sudo df -h /*
+          echo "========================================="
+          sudo docker builder prune -f -a;
+          sudo docker images | grep -v REPOSITORY | awk '{system("sudo docker rmi "$1":"$2)}';
+          sudo docker volume prune -f;
+          echo "========================================="
+          sudo df -h /*
+      - name: checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "3"
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Set up Go And Java
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/go.mod"
+
+      - name: Print run attempt
+        run: echo "run attempt is ${{ github.run_attempt }}"
+
+      - name: Print Disk Usage Before Container Start
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: docker compose launch-multi-cn
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+        run: |
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-0.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/cn-1.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch-tae-compose/config/tn.toml
+
+          # Update compose.yaml to mount test directory to $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test instead of /test
+          # Replace container mount point from /test to $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test
+          # Handle various docker-compose volume formats: /test, /test:options, /test followed by space
+          sed -i 's|:/test\b|:'"$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"'/test|g' ./etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml
+
+          mkdir -p "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage"
+          docker build --build-arg GOBUILD_OPT=-cover \
+            -t matrixorigin/matrixone:latest . -f ./optools/images/Dockerfile
+
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          docker compose -f etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml --profile launch-multi-cn up -d
+
+          # wait for ready
+          i=1
+          while [ $(mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6001 -u dump -p111 --execute 'create database if not exists compose_test;use compose_test; create table if not exists compose_test_table(col1 int auto_increment primary key);show tables;' 2>&1 | tee /dev/stderr | grep 'compose_test_table' | wc -l) -lt 1 ]; do
+             echo "wait mo init finished...$i"
+             if [ $i -ge 300 ]; then
+               echo "wait for $i seconds, mo init not finish, so exit 1"
+               docker ps
+               exit 1;
+             fi
+             i=$(($i+1))
+             sleep 1
+          done
+          docker ps
+
+      - name: Print Disk Usage After Container Start
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: Clean Docker Image Build Cache
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          sudo docker builder prune -f -a;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: Clone test-tool repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          repository: matrixorigin/mo-tester
+          path: ./mo-tester
+          ref: main
+
+      - name: Update BVT SQL Timeout
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i "s/socketTimeout:.*/socketTimeout: 300000/g" mo.yml
+
+      - name: Start BVT Test
+        id: bvt_on_pr_version
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          bvt_group='${{ inputs.bvt_group }}'
+          bvt_generation='${{ inputs.bvt_generation }}'
+          if [ -z "${bvt_group}" ]; then
+            bvt_group=$(( (${{ github.run_id }} + ${{ github.run_attempt }}) % 2 ))
+          fi
+          if [ -z "${bvt_generation}" ]; then
+            bvt_generation='${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}'
+          fi
+          if [[ ! "${bvt_group}" =~ ^[01]$ ]] || [ -z "${bvt_generation}" ]; then
+            echo "::error::invalid BVT assignment: group=${bvt_group}, generation=${bvt_generation}"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "bvt_group=${bvt_group}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "bvt_generation=${bvt_generation}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          jq -n \
+            --arg deployment 'compose-proxy' \
+            --argjson group "${bvt_group}" \
+            --arg generation "${bvt_generation}" \
+            --arg head_sha '${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}' \
+            '{schema_version: 1, deployment: $deployment, group: $group, generation: $generation, head_sha: $head_sha}' \
+            > "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-compose-manifest.json"
+          echo "Compose + Proxy BVT: generation ${bvt_generation}, group ${bvt_group}"
+          {
+            echo "### BVT group assignment"
+            echo "- Deployment: Compose Multi-CN + Proxy"
+            echo "- Group: ${bvt_group}"
+            echo "- Generation: ${bvt_generation}"
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
+          set -o pipefail
+          bash ./optools/run_bvt_group.sh \
+            "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester" \
+            "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/test/distributed/cases" \
+            "${bvt_group}" 2>&1 | tee "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-compose.log"
+
+      - name: Summarize Compose BVT result
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-compose.log"
+          timing="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-compose-slowest.tsv"
+          if [ ! -s "${report}" ]; then
+            echo '### Compose + Proxy BVT result' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '- No BVT execution log was produced.' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          {
+            echo '### Compose + Proxy BVT result'
+            grep '^Run BVT group' "${report}" | sed 's/^/- /' || true
+            echo
+            echo '#### Top 10 slow BVT scripts'
+            echo
+          } | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+          sed -nE 's#.*script file\[(.*)\] has been executed, and cost: ([0-9.]+)s.*#\2s\t\1#p' "${report}" \
+            | sort -nr -k1,1 | awk 'NR <= 10 { print }' > "${timing}"
+          if [ ! -s "${timing}" ]; then
+            echo 'No per-script timing records found in BVT output.' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          {
+            echo '```text'
+            cat "${timing}"
+            echo '```'
+          } | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+      - name: Upload Compose BVT execution log
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: bvt-execution-compose
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-compose.log
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+
+      - name: Print Docker Info Before Container Shutdown
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          set +e;
+          sudo docker ps;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo df -h /*;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo du -hs /var/lib/docker;
+          echo "===========================================";
+          sudo docker system df -v;
+
+      - name: Print System Dmesg
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          sudo dmesg -T
+
+      - name: export log
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester/report
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester/report ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log/cn-0-dump-stacks.log
+          curl http://localhost:22345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log/cn-1-dump-stacks.log
+
+      - name: Check Log Messages Count per second
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          ./optools/check_log_count.sh 1000 60 # {count threshold} {metric collected interval}
+
+      - name: shutdown containers
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: |
+          docker ps
+          docker compose -f etc/launch-tae-compose/compose.yaml --profile launch-multi-cn down --remove-orphans
+          docker volume rm launch-tae-compose_minio_storage || true
+
+      - name: Generate Compose BVT coverage profile
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          coverage_dir="$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/coverage"
+          coverage_profile="$RUNNER_TEMP/bvt-compose.out"
+          if go tool covdata textfmt -i="${coverage_dir}" -o "${coverage_profile}"; then
+            test -s "${coverage_profile}"
+          elif [ "${{ steps.bvt_on_pr_version.conclusion }}" = "success" ]; then
+            echo '::error::failed to generate Compose BVT coverage after a successful BVT'
+            exit 1
+          else
+            echo '::warning::Compose BVT coverage unavailable because BVT did not finish successfully'
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload Compose BVT coverage
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: bvt-coverage-compose-generation-${{ steps.bvt_on_pr_version.outputs.bvt_generation || format('{0}-{1}', github.run_id, github.run_attempt) }}-attempt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-compose.out
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-compose-manifest.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Compose-multi-cn-e2e-bvt-test-docker-log(PROXY)
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/docker-compose-log
+          retention-days: 7
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e-standalone-parallel.yaml b/.github/workflows/e2e-standalone-parallel.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74b4ff9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e-standalone-parallel.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+name: MatrixOne e2e CI(Standalone)
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      bvt_group:
+        description: "BVT group assigned by the caller (0 or 1)"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+      bvt_generation:
+        description: "Shared assignment generation for complementary BVT jobs"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+    secrets:
+      TOKEN_ACTION:
+        description: "Token for checkout (e.g. pull from fork/private)"
+        required: false
+
+jobs:
+  bvt-linux-x86:
+    if: false
+    environment: ci
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    name: e2e BVT Test on Linux/x64(LAUNCH,Optimistic)
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    steps:
+      - name: checkout head
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "3"
+          path: ./head
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Set up Go And Java
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/head/go.mod"
+      - name: Build MatrixOne
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head && make clean && make build
+          git rev-parse --short HEAD
+      - name: echo config
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          echo ""  >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo '[cn.txn]' >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo 'mode = "Optimistic"' >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo "  enable-leak-check = 1" >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo '  max-active-ages = "2m"'>> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo ""  >> ./etc/launch/tn.toml
+          echo '[tn.txn]' >> ./etc/launch/tn.toml
+          echo 'mode = "Optimistic"' >> ./etc/launch/tn.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch/tn.toml
+      - name: Start MO
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          ./optools/run_bvt.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head launch
+      - name: Clone test-tool repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          repository: matrixorigin/mo-tester
+          path: ./mo-tester
+          ref: main
+      - name: Update BVT SQL Timeout
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i "s/socketTimeout:.*/socketTimeout: 300000/g" mo.yml
+      - name: Start BVT Test
+        id: bvt_on_pr_version
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          ./run.sh -n -g -o -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head/test/distributed/cases -e pessimistic_transaction 2>&1
+      - name: Dump mo-service goroutines
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          max_retry=5
+          retry=0
+          while [ "$(ps -ef | grep 'mo-service' | grep -v "grep" | wc -l)" -gt 0 ]; do
+            curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks${retry}.log
+            pkill -9 mo-service
+            retry=$((retry+1))
+            if [ ${retry} -ge ${max_retry} ]; then
+              echo 'after retry, still cannot shutdown mo-service'
+              exit 1
+            fi
+            sleep 2
+          done
+      - name: Restart the Version of Head of MO
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          mv mo-service.log mo-service.r1.log
+
+          # delete for clear the start finish status of mo
+          rm -rf mo-data/local/system_init_completed
+
+          ./optools/run_bvt.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head launch
+      - name: Start BVT Test for MO with Version of Head Restarted
+        id: bvt_on_latest_head_version_run2
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          ./run.sh -n -g -o -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head/test/distributed/cases -e pessimistic_transaction 2>&1
+      - name: Dump restarted mo-service goroutines
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "$(ps -ef | grep 'mo-service' | grep -v "grep" | wc -l)" -gt 0 ]; then curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/head/restarted-dump-stacks.log; pkill -9 mo-service; else echo 'current mo-service has already crashed'; exit 1; fi
+      - name: Check Log Messages Count per second
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          # 4 nodes in one Process
+          ./optools/check_log_count.sh 4000 60 # {count threshold} {metric collected interval}
+      - name: generate upload files
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          set +e
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/.git
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/lib
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/mo-service.r1.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/mo-service.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks* ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Standalone-e2e-BVT-Test-on-Linux-x64(LAUNCH,Optimistic)-reports
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          retention-days: 7
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        name: Upload MO DATA
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Standalone-e2e-BVT-Test-on-Linux-x64(LAUNCH,Optimistic)-mo-data
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/head/mo-data
+          retention-days: 7
+
+  multi-cn-proxy-bvt-linux-x86:
+    # Compose + Proxy is the active proxy coverage deployment. Keep the
+    # native proxy launcher out of the PR matrix until it has a distinct role.
+    if: false
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    name: Legacy Launch + Proxy BVT (disabled in parallel workflow)
+    timeout-minutes: 75
+    env:
+      mo_reuse_enable_checker: true
+    steps:
+      - name: checkout head
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          path: ./head
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: Set up Go And Java
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/head/go.mod"
+      - name: Build MatrixOne
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head && make clean && make build
+          git rev-parse --short HEAD
+      - name: Prepare Hosts
+        run: |
+          sudo bash -c 'echo -e "127.0.0.1\tcn0" >> /etc/hosts;';
+          sudo bash -c 'echo -e "127.0.0.1\tcn1" >> /etc/hosts;';
+      - name: Add cn.txn
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          echo "" >> ./etc/launch-dynamic-with-proxy/cn.toml.base
+          echo "" >> ./etc/launch-dynamic-with-proxy/cn.toml.base
+          echo "[cn.txn]" >> ./etc/launch-dynamic-with-proxy/cn.toml.base
+          echo "  enable-leak-check = 1" >> ./etc/launch-dynamic-with-proxy/cn.toml.base
+          echo '  max-active-ages = "2m"'>> ./etc/launch-dynamic-with-proxy/cn.toml.base
+      - name: Start MO
+        run: |
+          sudo cat /etc/hosts | grep '127.0.0.1';
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          ./optools/run_bvt.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head launch-dynamic-with-proxy -with-proxy
+      - name: Clone test-tool repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          repository: matrixorigin/mo-tester
+          path: ./mo-tester
+          ref: main
+      - name: Update BVT SQL Timeout
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i "s/socketTimeout:.*/socketTimeout: 300000/g" mo.yml
+      - name: Start BVT Test
+        id: bvt_on_pr_version
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          ./run.sh -n -g -o -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head/test/distributed/cases -e optimistic 2>&1
+      - name: Dump mo-service goroutines
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "$(ps -ef | grep 'mo-service' | grep -v "grep" | wc -l)" -gt 0 ]; then curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks.log; else echo 'current mo-service has already crashed'; exit 1; fi
+      - name: Check Log Messages Count per second
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          # one node in one Process
+          ./optools/check_log_count.sh 1000 60 # {count threshold} {metric collected interval}
+      - name: generate upload files
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/.git
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/lib
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/mo-service.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Standalone-Multi-CN-e2e-BVT-Test-on-Linux-x64(LAUNCH,PROXY)-reports
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          retention-days: 7
+
+  pessimistic-bvt-linux-x86:
+    # Match the existing PR BVT runner policy.
+    runs-on: ${{ vars.RUNNER_LABEL || 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+    name: e2e BVT Test on Linux/x64(LAUNCH, PESSIMISTIC)
+    timeout-minutes: 75
+    env:
+      mo_reuse_enable_checker: true
+    steps:
+      - name: checkout head
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          fetch-depth: "3"
+          path: ./head
+          repository: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+
+      - name: Set up Go And Java
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/setup-env@main
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "${{ github.workspace }}/head/go.mod"
+
+      - name: Build MatrixOne
+        run: |
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head"
+          make clean && make GOBUILD_OPT=-cover build
+          git rev-parse --short HEAD
+
+      - name: Add cn.txn
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          echo "[cn.txn]" >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo "  enable-leak-check = 1" >> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          echo '  max-active-ages = "2m"'>> ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+
+      - name: echo config
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          cat ./etc/launch/cn.toml
+          cat ./etc/launch/tn.toml
+
+      - name: Start MO
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          export GOCOVERDIR="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-coverage-pessimistic"
+          rm -rf "${GOCOVERDIR}"
+          mkdir -p "${GOCOVERDIR}"
+          ./optools/run_bvt.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head launch
+
+      - name: Clone test-tool repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          repository: matrixorigin/mo-tester
+          path: ./mo-tester
+          ref: main
+      - name: Update BVT SQL Timeout
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester
+          sed -i "s/socketTimeout:.*/socketTimeout: 300000/g" mo.yml
+      - name: Start BVT Test
+        id: bvt_on_pr_version
+        run: |
+          export LC_ALL="C.UTF-8"
+          locale
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester"
+          sed -i 's/  port: [0-9]*/  port: 12345/g' mo.yml
+          cat mo.yml
+          echo "============================="
+
+          bvt_group='${{ inputs.bvt_group }}'
+          bvt_generation='${{ inputs.bvt_generation }}'
+          if [ -z "${bvt_group}" ]; then
+            bvt_group=$(( 1 - ((${{ github.run_id }} + ${{ github.run_attempt }}) % 2) ))
+          fi
+          if [ -z "${bvt_generation}" ]; then
+            bvt_generation='${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}'
+          fi
+          if [[ ! "${bvt_group}" =~ ^[01]$ ]] || [ -z "${bvt_generation}" ]; then
+            echo "::error::invalid BVT assignment: group=${bvt_group}, generation=${bvt_generation}"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "bvt_group=${bvt_group}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "bvt_generation=${bvt_generation}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          jq -n \
+            --arg deployment 'launch-pessimistic' \
+            --argjson group "${bvt_group}" \
+            --arg generation "${bvt_generation}" \
+            --arg head_sha '${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}' \
+            '{schema_version: 1, deployment: $deployment, group: $group, generation: $generation, head_sha: $head_sha}' \
+            > "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-pessimistic-manifest.json"
+          echo "Launch + Pessimistic BVT: generation ${bvt_generation}, group ${bvt_group}"
+          {
+            echo "### BVT group assignment"
+            echo "- Deployment: native launch (PESSIMISTIC)"
+            echo "- Group: ${bvt_group}"
+            echo "- Generation: ${bvt_generation}"
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head"
+          set -o pipefail
+          bash ./optools/run_bvt_group.sh \
+            "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/mo-tester" \
+            "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head/test/distributed/cases" \
+            "${bvt_group}" \
+            "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head/test/distributed/resources" \
+            2>&1 | tee "${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-pessimistic.log"
+
+      - name: Summarize Launch + Pessimistic BVT result
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          report="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-pessimistic.log"
+          timing="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-pessimistic-slowest.tsv"
+          if [ ! -s "${report}" ]; then
+            echo '### Launch + Pessimistic BVT result' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo '- No BVT execution log was produced.' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          {
+            echo '### Launch + Pessimistic BVT result'
+            grep '^Run BVT group' "${report}" | sed 's/^/- /' || true
+            echo
+            echo '#### Top 10 slow BVT scripts'
+            echo
+          } | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+          sed -nE 's#.*script file\[(.*)\] has been executed, and cost: ([0-9.]+)s.*#\2s\t\1#p' "${report}" \
+            | sort -nr -k1,1 | awk 'NR <= 10 { print }' > "${timing}"
+          if [ ! -s "${timing}" ]; then
+            echo 'No per-script timing records found in BVT output.' | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          {
+            echo '```text'
+            cat "${timing}"
+            echo '```'
+          } | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+      - name: Upload Launch + Pessimistic BVT execution log
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: bvt-execution-pessimistic
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-pessimistic.log
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+
+      - name: Dump mo-service goroutines
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "$(ps -ef | grep 'mo-service' | grep -v "grep" | wc -l)" -gt 0 ]; then curl http://localhost:12345/debug/pprof/goroutine\?debug=2 -o ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks.log; else echo 'current mo-service has already crashed'; exit 1; fi
+
+      - name: Check Log Messages Count per second
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          cd $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/head
+          # 4 nodes in one Process
+          ./optools/check_log_count.sh 4000 60 # {count threshold} {metric collected interval}
+
+      - name: Stop service and generate BVT coverage profile
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          coverage_dir="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-coverage-pessimistic"
+          coverage_profile="${RUNNER_TEMP}/bvt-pessimistic.out"
+          pids=$(pgrep -f 'mo-service' || true)
+          if [ -n "${pids}" ]; then
+            kill -TERM ${pids} || true
+          fi
+          for _ in $(seq 1 30); do
+            pgrep -f 'mo-service' >/dev/null || break
+            sleep 1
+          done
+          pids=$(pgrep -f 'mo-service' || true)
+          if [ -n "${pids}" ]; then
+            kill -KILL ${pids} || true
+          fi
+          if go tool covdata textfmt -i="${coverage_dir}" -o "${coverage_profile}"; then
+            test -s "${coverage_profile}"
+          elif [ "${{ steps.bvt_on_pr_version.conclusion }}" = "success" ]; then
+            echo '::error::failed to generate Launch + Pessimistic BVT coverage after a successful BVT'
+            exit 1
+          else
+            echo '::warning::Launch + Pessimistic BVT coverage unavailable because BVT did not finish successfully'
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload Launch + Pessimistic BVT coverage
+        if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: bvt-coverage-pessimistic-generation-${{ steps.bvt_on_pr_version.outputs.bvt_generation || format('{0}-{1}', github.run_id, github.run_attempt) }}-attempt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-pessimistic.out
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/bvt-pessimistic-manifest.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 7
+
+      - name: generate upload files
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/.git
+          rm -rf ./mo-tester/lib
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/mo-service.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/mo-tester ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+          mv ${{ github.workspace }}/head/dump-stacks.log ${{ github.workspace }}/upload/
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: ${{ failure() || cancelled()}}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          name: Standalone-e2e-BVT-Test-on-Linux-x64(LAUNCH,PESSIMISTIC)-reports
+          path: |
+            ${{ github.workspace }}/upload
+          retention-days: 7
diff --git a/.github/workflows/utils-parallel.yaml b/.github/workflows/utils-parallel.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67446de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/utils-parallel.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Utilities that remain outside the parallel coverage pipeline.
+name: MatrixOne Utils CI
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    secrets:
+      TOKEN_ACTION:
+        description: "A token passed from the caller workflow"
+        required: true
+
+jobs:
+  pr-size-label:
+    environment: ci
+    runs-on: arm64-mo-shanghai-4c8g
+    steps:
+      - name: size-label
+        uses: matrixorigin/CI/actions/label-size-action@main
+        with:
+          size_token: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_ACTION }}
+          ignore: ".md,.pb.go"
+          sizes: >
+            {
+              "XS":0,
+              "S":10,
+              "M":100,
+              "L":500,
+              "XL":1000,
+              "XXL":2000
+            }
diff --git a/scripts/parse_coverage.py b/scripts/parse_coverage.py
index d43dbf2..eddab13 100644
--- a/scripts/parse_coverage.py
+++ b/scripts/parse_coverage.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import logging
 import argparse
 import fnmatch
+import json
 
 # 设置日志配置
 logging.basicConfig(
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ def merge_coverage_files(output_path, *coverage_files):
 
     # 计算覆盖率
     coverage_percentage = (covered_blocks / total_blocks) if total_blocks > 0 else 0
-    logging.info(f"Total code blocks: {total_blocks}, Covered blocks: {covered_blocks}, Coverage: {coverage_percentage}%")
+    logging.info(f"Total code blocks: {total_blocks}, Covered blocks: {covered_blocks}, Coverage: {coverage_percentage:.2%}")
 
     # 将合并后的结果写入输出文件
     try:
@@ -278,7 +279,7 @@ def diff_coverage(diff_path, coverage_path, output_path='pr_coverage.out', ignor
 
     except Exception as e:
         logging.error(f"An error occurred during the process: {e}")
-        return 0,0,0
+        raise
 
 def is_valid_code_segment(segment):
     """判断一个代码片段是否包含有效的代码（忽略结构符号、关键字和空白）"""
@@ -452,6 +453,39 @@ def _line_matches_block(line_num, mincol, maxcol, block):
     return False
 
 
+def write_coverage_summary(
+    output_path,
+    total_blocks,
+    covered_blocks,
+    overall_coverage,
+    total_modified_lines,
+    covered_modified_lines,
+    pr_coverage,
+    minimal_coverage,
+    has_go_changes=None,
+):
+    """Write the coverage gate result before the caller enforces the threshold."""
+    if has_go_changes is None:
+        has_go_changes = total_modified_lines > 0
+    summary = {
+        "schema_version": 1,
+        "total_blocks": total_blocks,
+        "covered_blocks": covered_blocks,
+        "overall_coverage": overall_coverage,
+        "total_modified_lines": total_modified_lines,
+        "covered_modified_lines": covered_modified_lines,
+        "pr_coverage": pr_coverage,
+        "minimal_coverage": minimal_coverage,
+        "has_go_changes": has_go_changes,
+        "has_pr_coverage": total_modified_lines > 0,
+        "approved": pr_coverage > minimal_coverage,
+    }
+    with open(output_path, "w") as summary_file:
+        json.dump(summary, summary_file, indent=2, sort_keys=True)
+        summary_file.write("\n")
+    return summary
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Merge coverage files and calculate coverage based on diff.")
 
@@ -483,20 +517,39 @@ def _line_matches_block(line_num, mincol, maxcol, block):
         help='Count coverage by line instead of block. Default is False (count by block).'
     )
 
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-summary_path',
+        type=str,
+        default='coverage_summary.json',
+        help='Path for the machine-readable coverage summary.'
+    )
+
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    total_blocks, covered_blocks, coverage_percentage = merge_coverage_files('merged_coverage.out', *args.coverage_files)
-    logging.info(f"Total modified blocks: {total_blocks}, Covered blocks: {covered_blocks}, Coverage: {coverage_percentage:.2f}%")
+    total_blocks, covered_blocks, overall_coverage = merge_coverage_files('merged_coverage.out', *args.coverage_files)
+    logging.info(f"Total code blocks: {total_blocks}, Covered blocks: {covered_blocks}, Coverage: {overall_coverage:.2%}")
 
     # 调用主函数
     diff_path = args.diff_path  # 可以根据实际情况修改路径
     coverage_path = 'merged_coverage.out'  # 可以根据实际情况修改路径
-    total_modified_lines, covered_modified_lines, coverage_percentage = diff_coverage(diff_path, coverage_path, count_by_line=args.count_by_line)
-    logging.info(f"total_modified_lines: {total_modified_lines}, covered_modified_lines: {covered_modified_lines}, coverage_percentage:{coverage_percentage}")
+    total_modified_lines, covered_modified_lines, pr_coverage = diff_coverage(diff_path, coverage_path, count_by_line=args.count_by_line)
+    logging.info(f"total_modified_lines: {total_modified_lines}, covered_modified_lines: {covered_modified_lines}, coverage_percentage:{pr_coverage:.2%}")
+
+    summary = write_coverage_summary(
+        args.summary_path,
+        total_blocks,
+        covered_blocks,
+        overall_coverage,
+        total_modified_lines,
+        covered_modified_lines,
+        pr_coverage,
+        args.minimal_coverage,
+        has_go_changes=os.path.exists("pr_coverage.out"),
+    )
 
-    if coverage_percentage <= args.minimal_coverage:
+    if not summary["approved"]:
         parse_file_coverage(args.minimal_coverage)
-        logging.warning(f"The code coverage:{coverage_percentage} is below or equal {args.minimal_coverage}, not approved.")
+        logging.warning(f"The code coverage:{pr_coverage:.2%} is below or equal {args.minimal_coverage:.2%}, not approved.")
         sys.exit(1)
 
-    logging.info(f"The code coverage:{coverage_percentage} is above {args.minimal_coverage}, pass.")
\ No newline at end of file
+    logging.info(f"The code coverage:{pr_coverage:.2%} is above {args.minimal_coverage:.2%}, pass.")
diff --git a/scripts/test_parse_coverage.py b/scripts/test_parse_coverage.py
index 2708dde..761748e 100644
--- a/scripts/test_parse_coverage.py
+++ b/scripts/test_parse_coverage.py
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 import pytest
 import os
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
 from parse_coverage import (
     parse_diff,
     parse_coverage_and_generate_report,
     merge_coverage_files,
     diff_coverage,
     normalize_path,
+    write_coverage_summary,
 )
 
 
@@ -231,7 +235,6 @@ def test_multiple_modified_lines_one_block_by_line(self, tmp_path):
         assert total == 3
         assert covered == 3
         assert pct == 1.0
-
     def test_multiple_lines_partial_coverage(self, tmp_path):
         """按块计数(默认): 2块，1covered → 50%"""
         coverage_content = """\
@@ -309,6 +312,93 @@ def test_uncovered_block(self, tmp_path):
         assert pct == 0.0
 
 
+class TestCoverageSummary:
+    def test_writes_rates_counts_and_gate_result(self, tmp_path):
+        summary_path = tmp_path / "coverage-summary.json"
+
+        summary = write_coverage_summary(
+            str(summary_path),
+            total_blocks=200,
+            covered_blocks=120,
+            overall_coverage=0.6,
+            total_modified_lines=4,
+            covered_modified_lines=3,
+            pr_coverage=0.75,
+            minimal_coverage=0.75,
+        )
+
+        assert summary["schema_version"] == 1
+        assert summary["has_go_changes"] is True
+        assert summary["has_pr_coverage"] is True
+        assert summary["approved"] is False
+        assert '"overall_coverage": 0.6' in summary_path.read_text()
+
+    def test_no_go_changes_is_explicit_and_passes(self, tmp_path):
+        summary = write_coverage_summary(
+            str(tmp_path / "coverage-summary.json"),
+            total_blocks=10,
+            covered_blocks=5,
+            overall_coverage=0.5,
+            total_modified_lines=0,
+            covered_modified_lines=0,
+            pr_coverage=1.0,
+            minimal_coverage=0.75,
+        )
+
+        assert summary["has_go_changes"] is False
+        assert summary["has_pr_coverage"] is False
+        assert summary["approved"] is True
+
+    def test_diff_coverage_propagates_parser_errors(self, tmp_path):
+        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
+            diff_coverage(
+                str(tmp_path / "missing.diff"),
+                str(tmp_path / "missing-coverage.out"),
+                ignore_path=str(tmp_path / "missing.ignore"),
+            )
+
+    def test_cli_keeps_summary_and_pr_profile_when_gate_fails(self, tmp_path):
+        coverage_path = tmp_path / "coverage.out"
+        coverage_path.write_text(
+            "mode: set\n"
+            "github.com/matrixorigin/matrixone/pkg/example.go:1.1,2.2 1 0\n"
+        )
+        diff_path = tmp_path / "diff.patch"
+        diff_path.write_text(
+            "diff --git a/pkg/example.go b/pkg/example.go\n"
+            "--- a/pkg/example.go\n"
+            "+++ b/pkg/example.go\n"
+            "@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@\n"
+            "-old\n"
+            "+new\n"
+        )
+        (tmp_path / ".ignore").write_text("!*.go\n")
+        script_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "parse_coverage.py")
+
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [
+                sys.executable,
+                script_path,
+                "-coverage_files",
+                str(coverage_path),
+                "-diff_path",
+                str(diff_path),
+                "-summary_path",
+                "coverage-summary.json",
+            ],
+            cwd=tmp_path,
+            check=False,
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+        )
+
+        assert result.returncode == 1
+        summary = json.loads((tmp_path / "coverage-summary.json").read_text())
+        assert summary["has_go_changes"] is True
+        assert summary["approved"] is False
+        assert (tmp_path / "pr_coverage.out").read_text().startswith("mode: set\n")
+
+
 class TestPathNormalization:
     """测试路径规范化"""