net: sched: cls_bpf: add BPF-based classifier

This work contains a lightweight BPF-based traffic classifier that can
serve as a flexible alternative to ematch-based tree classification, i.e.
now that BPF filter engine can also be JITed in the kernel. Naturally, tc
actions and policies are supported as well with cls_bpf. Multiple BPF
programs/filter can be attached for a class, or they can just as well be
written within a single BPF program, that's really up to the user how he
wishes to run/optimize the code, e.g. also for inversion of verdicts etc.
The notion of a BPF program's return/exit codes is being kept as follows:

     0: No match
    -1: Select classid given in "tc filter ..." command
  else: flowid, overwrite the default one

As a minimal usage example with iproute2, we use a 3 band prio root qdisc
on a router with sfq each as leave, and assign ssh and icmp bpf-based
filters to band 1, http traffic to band 2 and the rest to band 3. For the
first two bands we load the bytecode from a file, in the 2nd we load it
inline as an example:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable

tc qdisc del dev em1 root
tc qdisc add dev em1 root handle 1: prio bands 3 priomap 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:1 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:2 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:3 sfq perturb 16

tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/ssh.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/icmp.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/http.bpf flowid 1:2
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode "`bpfc -f tc -i misc.ops`" flowid 1:3

BPF programs can be easily created and passed to tc, either as inline
'bytecode' or 'bytecode-file'. There are a couple of front-ends that can
compile opcodes, for example:

1) People familiar with tcpdump-like filters:

   tcpdump -iem1 -ddd port 22 | tr '\n' ',' > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf

2) People that want to low-level program their filters or use BPF
   extensions that lack support by libpcap's compiler:

   bpfc -f tc -i ssh.ops > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf

   ssh.ops example code:
   ldh [12]
   jne #0x800, drop
   ldb [23]
   jneq coolya#6, drop
   ldh [20]
   jset #0x1fff, drop
   ldxb 4 * ([14] & 0xf)
   ldh [%x + 14]
   jeq #0x16, pass
   ldh [%x + 16]
   jne #0x16, drop
   pass: ret #-1
   drop: ret #0

It was chosen to load bytecode into tc, since the reverse operation,
tc filter list dev em1, is then able to show the exact commands again.
Possible follow-up work could also include a small expression compiler
for iproute2. Tested with the help of bmon. This idea came up during
the Netfilter Workshop 2013 in Copenhagen. Also thanks to feedback from
Eric Dumazet!

Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Graf <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>

Author: Daniel Borkmann

include/uapi/linux/pkt_cls.h

@@ -388,6 +388,20 @@ enum {
 
 #define TCA_CGROUP_MAX (__TCA_CGROUP_MAX - 1)
 
+/* BPF classifier */
+
+enum {
+	TCA_BPF_UNSPEC,
+	TCA_BPF_ACT,
+	TCA_BPF_POLICE,
+	TCA_BPF_CLASSID,
+	TCA_BPF_OPS_LEN,
+	TCA_BPF_OPS,
+	__TCA_BPF_MAX,
+};
+
+#define TCA_BPF_MAX (__TCA_BPF_MAX - 1)
+
 /* Extended Matches */
 
 struct tcf_ematch_tree_hdr {

net/sched/Kconfig

@@ -443,6 +443,16 @@ config NET_CLS_CGROUP
 	  To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
 	  module will be called cls_cgroup.
 
+config NET_CLS_BPF
+	tristate "BPF-based classifier"
+	select NET_CLS
+	---help---
+	  If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets based on
+	  programmable BPF (JIT'ed) filters as an alternative to ematches.
+
+	  To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
+	  be called cls_bpf.
+
 config NET_EMATCH
 	bool "Extended Matches"
 	select NET_CLS

net/sched/Makefile

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_NET_CLS_RSVP6)	+= cls_rsvp6.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_CLS_BASIC)	+= cls_basic.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_CLS_FLOW)	+= cls_flow.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_CLS_CGROUP)	+= cls_cgroup.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_NET_CLS_BPF)	+= cls_bpf.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_EMATCH)	+= ematch.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_EMATCH_CMP)	+= em_cmp.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_NET_EMATCH_NBYTE)	+= em_nbyte.o