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Merge pull request #2275 from armwaheed/linux-nxp-board
Adding learning path for Linux on an NXP board
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‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/1-overview.md‎

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---
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title: Overview
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weight: 2
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### FIXED, DO NOT MODIFY
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layout: learningpathall
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---
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## Hardware Overview - NXP's FRDM i.MX 93 Board
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Selecting the best hardware for machine learning (ML) models depends on effective tools. You can visualize ML performance early in the development cycle by using NXP's [FRDM i.MX 93](https://www.nxp.com/design/design-center/development-boards-and-designs/frdm-i-mx-93-development-board:FRDM-IMX93) board.
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<center>
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<iframe src='//players.brightcove.net/4089003392001/Sk5u9ln3l_default/index.html?videoId=6366294691112' allowfullscreen frameborder=0 width="800" height="400"></iframe>
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*Unboxing NXP's FRDM i.MX 93 board*
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</center>
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![NXP FRDM i.MX 93 Board SoC Highlighted alt-text#center](./nxp-frdm-imx93-board-soc-highlighted.png "Arm Ethos-U65 NPU location")
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### NXP's FRDM i.MX 93 Processor Decoded
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![i.MX 93 Processor SoC alt-text#center](./imx93-application-processor-soc.png "NXP's FRDM i.MX 93 processor")
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**NXP's Processor Labeling Convention:**
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|Line|Meaning|
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|----|-------|
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|MIMX9352|• MI – Microcontroller IC<br>• MX93 – i.MX 93 family<br>• 52 – Variant:<br>• Dual-core Arm Cortex-A55<br> • Single Cortex-M33<br>• Includes **Ethos-U65 NPU**|
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|CVVXMAB|• C - Commercial temperature grade (0°C to 95°C)<br>• VVX - Indicates package type and pinout (BGA, pitch, etc.)<br>• MAB - Specific configuration (e.g., NPU present, security level, memory interfaces)
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|
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|1P87F|• Silicon mask set identifier|
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|SBBM2410E|• NXP traceability code|
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## Benefits and applications
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NPUs, like Arm's [Ethos-U65](https://www.arm.com/products/silicon-ip-cpu/ethos/ethos-u65) NPU are available on physical devices specifically made for developers. Development boards like NXP's [FRDM i.MX 93](https://www.nxp.com/design/design-center/development-boards-and-designs/frdm-i-mx-93-development-board:FRDM-IMX93) also connect to displays via a HDMI cable. Additionally the board accepts video inputs. This is useful for for ML performance visualization due to:
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- visual confirmation that your ML model is running on the physical device,
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- image and video inputs for computer vision models running on the device,
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- clearly indicated instruction counts,
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- confirmation of total execution time and
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- visually appealing output for prototypes and demos.

‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/2-boot-nxp.md‎

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---
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# User change
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title: "Boot the NXP FRDM i.MX 93 Board"
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weight: 3
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# Do not modify these elements
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layout: "learningpathall"
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---
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In this section, you will prepare the NXP [FRDM i.MX 93](https://www.nxp.com/design/design-center/development-boards-and-designs/frdm-i-mx-93-development-board:FRDM-IMX93) board for ML development.
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## Unbox the NXP Board
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Follow NXP's getting started instructions: [Getting Started with FRDM-IMX93](https://www.nxp.com/document/guide/getting-started-with-frdm-imx93:GS-FRDM-IMX93):
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* Stop when you complete section "1.6 Connect Power Supply"
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## Connect to the NXP Board
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Prior to logging in to the NXP board, you need to configure `picocom`. This allows you to connect to the board using a USB cable.
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{{% notice macOS %}}
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1. Install the Silicon Labs driver:
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https://www.silabs.com/developer-tools/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads
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2. Install [picocom](https://github.com/npat-efault/picocom):
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```bash
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brew install picocom
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```
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3. Establish a USB-to-UART (serial) connection:
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- Connect the board's "DEBUG" USB-C connector to your Mac
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- Find the NXP board's USB connections in your computer's terminal:
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```bash { output_lines = "2-7" }
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ls /dev/tty.*
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# output lines
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...
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/dev/tty.debug-console
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/dev/tty.usbmodem56D70442811
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/dev/tty.usbmodem56D70442813
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...
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```
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- Connect to the NXP board:
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```bash { output_lines = "2-5" }
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sudo picocom -b 115200 /dev/tty.usbmodem56D70442811
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# output lines
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picocom v3.1
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...
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Terminal ready
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```
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4. Go straight to step 2, in the below instructions
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{{% /notice %}}
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1. Establish a USB-to-UART (serial) connection:
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- Connect the board's "DEBUG" USB-C connector to your Linux machine
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- Find the NXP board's USB connections in your computer's terminal:
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```bash { output_lines = "2-3" }
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ls /dev/ttyUSB* /dev/ttyACM* 2>/dev/null
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# output lines
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/dev/ttyACM0 /dev/ttyACM1
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```
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- Connect to the NXP board:
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```bash { output_lines = "2-5" }
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sudo picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyACM0
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# output lines
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picocom v3.1
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...
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Terminal ready
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```
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2. Log in to Linux on the NXP board:
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- Connect the board's "POWER" USB-C connector to your laptop
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- At this point you should see one red and one white light on the board
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- Next you should see scrolling text in your `picocom` window, as the NXP board boots
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- The last line should say `login:`
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```bash { output_lines = "1-9" }
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# output lines
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...
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[ OK ] Reached target Graphical Interface.
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Starting Record Runlevel Change in UTMP...
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[ OK ] Finished Record Runlevel Change in UTMP.
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NXP i.MX Release Distro 6.6-scarthgap imx93frdm ttyLP0
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imx93frdm login:
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```
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3. Type `root` to log in as root. There is no password
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### Troubleshooting
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* Restart the NXP board, to get to the `login:` prompt:
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* Hold the NXP board's power button for 2-seconds, until the lights turn off
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* Hold the NXP board's power button again for 2-seconds, until the lights turn on
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## [Optional] Run the Built-In NXP Demos
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* Connect the NXP board to a monitor via HDMI
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* Connect a mouse to the NXP board's USB-A port
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![NXP board built-in ML demos alt-text#center](./nxp-board-built-in-ml-demos.png "NXP board built-in ML demos")

‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/3-create-super-user.md‎

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---
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# User change
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title: "Create a Linux Super User"
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weight: 4
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# Do not modify these elements
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layout: "learningpathall"
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---
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On the NXP board, create a non-root super user (if you do not already have one):
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1. While [logged in as root]( {{< relref "2-boot-nxp.md" >}} ):
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* Enable super user privileges:
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```bash
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sudo visudo
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```
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* In the vi editor that opens up, uncomment the below line:
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```bash { output_lines = "1" }
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%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # uncomment this line
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```
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2. Add a super user:
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```bash
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sudo adduser testuser
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sudo usermod -aG wheel testuser
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```
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3. While still logged in as root, confirm successful super user creation:
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```bash
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su - testuser
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sudo whoami # should return "root"
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```
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4. Log out of the NXP board and log back in to Linux as the super user

‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/4-enable-wifi.md‎

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---
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# User change
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title: "Enable WiFi"
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weight: 5 # 1 is first, 2 is second, etc.
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# Do not modify these elements
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layout: "learningpathall"
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---
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{{% notice Note %}}
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* WiFi network connectivity **does not persist** on NXP board reboot
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* It **does persist** on logging out and then logging back in as the same Linux user
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{{% /notice %}}
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1. [Log in to Linux]( {{< relref "2-boot-nxp.md" >}} ) on the board, as a [super user]( {{< relref "3-create-super-user" >}} )
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2. Run the below terminal commands:
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```bash
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sudo /usr/sbin/modprobe moal mod_para=nxp/wifi_mod_para.conf
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sudo connmanctl
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```
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3. The prompt will change to `connmanctl>`, where you will enter the following commands:
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```bash
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enable wifi
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scan wifi
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services
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```
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4. Your available WiFi networks will be listed in the following form:
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```bash { output_lines = "1-3" }
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<SSID> wifi_0123456789ab_cdef0123456789_managed_psk
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<SSID> wifi_abcdef012345_6789abcdef0123_managed_psk
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<SSID> wifi_fedcba987654_3210fedcba9876_managed_psk
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```
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{{% notice Note %}}
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Duplicate SSIDs may appear, so you will have to experiment with the different `wifi_..._managed_psk` names, when you try to connect in the next step
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{{% /notice %}}
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5. Still within the `connmanctl>` prompt, enter the following commands:
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```bash
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agent on
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connect wifi_0123456789ab_cdef0123456789_managed_psk # Your wifi_..._managed_ps name will be different
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Agent RequestInput wifi_0123456789ab_cdef0123456789_managed_psk
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Passphrase = [ Type=psk, Requirement=mandatory ]
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Passphrase? # Enter your WiFi password
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connmanctl> quit
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```
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6. Assuming your WiFi network is connected to the Internet, test connectivity:
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```bash
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curl -I http://www.example.com
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```
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If WiFi is configured correctly, you will see the example.com web page load:
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```bash { output_lines = "1-2" }
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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...
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```
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7. [optional] If your WiFi network is not connected to the internet, test connectivity this way:
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```bash
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ifconfig | grep RUNNING -A 1
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```
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If WiFi is configured correctly, you will see a list of `RUNNING` network adapters:
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* one for `127.0.0.1` (`localhost`) and
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* a second for the NXP board's assigned IP address on the WiFi network
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* Example output, where `192.168.1.89` is the NXP board's successfully assigned IP address:
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```bash { output_lines = "1-5" }
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lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
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inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
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--
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mlan0: flags=-28605<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,DYNAMIC> mtu 1500
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inet 192.168.1.89 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
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```

‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/5-transfer-files-wifi.md‎

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---
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# User change
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title: "Transfer Files Over WiFi"
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weight: 6 # 1 is first, 2 is second, etc.
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# Do not modify these elements
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layout: "learningpathall"
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---
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1. [Log in to Linux]( {{< relref "2-boot-nxp.md" >}} ) on the board, as a [super user]( {{< relref "3-create-super-user" >}} )
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2. [Enable Wifi]( {{< relref "4-enable-wifi.md" >}} ) on the NXP board
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3. Note down the NXP board's IP address on your WiFi network:
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```bash
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ifconfig | grep RUNNING -A 1
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```
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4. Open a terminal window on the machine with the source file
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5. Navigate to the source file directory and copy the file to the NXP board's destination directory:
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```bash
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# On your machine, in the source file directory
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scp <source_file> <nxp_user>@<nxp_ip_address>:/home/nxp_user/path/to/destination/directory/
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```
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Example:
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```bash { output_lines = "1" }
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scp install.sh testuser@192.168.1.1:/home/testuser/apps/test_app/
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```

‎content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/linux-nxp-board/6-tranfer-files-usb.md‎

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---
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# User change
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title: "Transfer Files Over USB"
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weight: 7 # 1 is first, 2 is second, etc.
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# Do not modify these elements
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layout: "learningpathall"
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---
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1. [Log in to Linux]( {{< relref "2-boot-nxp.md" >}} ) on the board, as a [super user]( {{< relref "3-create-super-user" >}} )
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2. On your machine with the source file, copy the source file to a USB-A thumb drive:
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3. Insert the thumb drive into the NXP board's USB-A port
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4. Mount the thumb drive and then copy the files to the board:
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```bash { output_lines = "1" }
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# Execute these commands on the board
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mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
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cp /mnt/<source_file> /path/to/destination/directory/
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```
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Example:
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```bash { output_lines = "1" }
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cp /mnt/install.sh ./apps/test_app/
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```
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5. [optional] Unmount the thumbdrive and then remove it from the NXP board
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```bash
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umount /mnt
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```

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